Glaucoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{RBS}} | {{CMG}} {{AE}} {{RBS}} | ||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
The underlying [[pathogenesis]] of glaucoma is attributed to retinal ganglion cell death due to elevated level of intraocular pressure. The [[intraocular pressure]] is determined by the balance between secretion of aqueous humor by the ciliary body and its drainage through the two pathways i.e. the trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral outflow pathway. | |||
=Primary Open Angle Glaucoma= | =Primary Open Angle Glaucoma= | ||
The increased resistance to aqueous outflow via the trabecular meshwork leads to [[open angle glaucoma]]. There is increasing evidence of [[ocular]] blood flow to be involved in the [[pathogenesis]] of glaucoma. Current data indicate that fluctuations in blood flow are more harmful in glaucomatous [[optic neuropathy]] than steady reductions. Unstable [[blood pressure]] and dips are linked to [[optic nerve]] head damage and correlate with [[visual field]] deterioration.[[Image:Human eye cross-sectional view grayscale.png|thumb|250px|right|Human eye cross-sectional view. Courtesy [[National Institutes of Health|NIH]] [[National Eye Institute]]]] | |||
=Angle Closure Glaucoma= | |||
The [[angle-closure glaucoma]] occurs due to the obstruction in access to the drainage pathways . | |||
A number of studies also suggest that there is a correlation, not necessarily causal, between glaucoma and systemic [[hypertension]] (i.e. high [[blood pressure]]). In normal tension glaucoma, [[nocturnal]] [[hypotension]] may play a significant role. On the other hand there is no clear evidence that [[vitamin]] deficiencies cause glaucoma in humans, nor that oral [[vitamin]] supplementation is useful in glaucoma treatment<ref name="pmid11525790">{{cite journal| author=Rhee DJ, Katz LJ, Spaeth GL, Myers JS| title=Complementary and alternative medicine for glaucoma. | journal=Surv Ophthalmol | year= 2001 | volume= 46 | issue= 1 | pages= 43-55 | pmid=11525790 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11525790 }} </ref>. | A number of studies also suggest that there is a correlation, not necessarily causal, between glaucoma and systemic [[hypertension]] (i.e. high [[blood pressure]]). In normal tension glaucoma, [[nocturnal]] [[hypotension]] may play a significant role. On the other hand there is no clear evidence that [[vitamin]] deficiencies cause glaucoma in humans, nor that oral [[vitamin]] supplementation is useful in glaucoma treatment<ref name="pmid11525790">{{cite journal| author=Rhee DJ, Katz LJ, Spaeth GL, Myers JS| title=Complementary and alternative medicine for glaucoma. | journal=Surv Ophthalmol | year= 2001 | volume= 46 | issue= 1 | pages= 43-55 | pmid=11525790 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11525790 }} </ref>. | ||
Revision as of 05:00, 21 June 2017
|
Glaucoma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Glaucoma pathophysiology On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Glaucoma pathophysiology |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Glaucoma pathophysiology |
Please help WikiDoc by adding more content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan Bir Singh, M.B.B.S.[2]
Pathophysiology
The underlying pathogenesis of glaucoma is attributed to retinal ganglion cell death due to elevated level of intraocular pressure. The intraocular pressure is determined by the balance between secretion of aqueous humor by the ciliary body and its drainage through the two pathways i.e. the trabecular meshwork and uveoscleral outflow pathway.
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma
The increased resistance to aqueous outflow via the trabecular meshwork leads to open angle glaucoma. There is increasing evidence of ocular blood flow to be involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. Current data indicate that fluctuations in blood flow are more harmful in glaucomatous optic neuropathy than steady reductions. Unstable blood pressure and dips are linked to optic nerve head damage and correlate with visual field deterioration.
Angle Closure Glaucoma
The angle-closure glaucoma occurs due to the obstruction in access to the drainage pathways .
A number of studies also suggest that there is a correlation, not necessarily causal, between glaucoma and systemic hypertension (i.e. high blood pressure). In normal tension glaucoma, nocturnal hypotension may play a significant role. On the other hand there is no clear evidence that vitamin deficiencies cause glaucoma in humans, nor that oral vitamin supplementation is useful in glaucoma treatment[1].
References
- ↑ Rhee DJ, Katz LJ, Spaeth GL, Myers JS (2001). "Complementary and alternative medicine for glaucoma". Surv Ophthalmol. 46 (1): 43–55. PMID 11525790.