Acute viral nasopharyngitis physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Younes M.B.B.CH [2]

Physical examination

Common cold is defined as inflammation of the nose with various degrees of pharynx inflammation.

Appearance of the patient

Patient usually appears ill.

Vital Signs

Temperature

• Fever is not usually present. Fever usually points more toward influenza not acute viral nasopharyngitis.

Blood Pressure

• The blood pressure is usually maintained within normal limits.

Pulse

• May be normal or increased in rate due to infection.

Respiration

• Tachypnea may be present.

Eyes

• Conjunctivae may be congested with tearing of both eyes.

Head

• Tenderness of sinuses may be elicited if sinusitis emsues.
• Cervical lymph nodes may be enlarged without tenderness.

Nose

• Nasal mucosa is usually red and hyperemic.
• Discharge can have various colors from yellow to green. However, it has no indication of the causative organism.

Throat

• Pharynx usually is normal on inspection. However, it may get inflamed with the spread of infection.

Lungs

• Lungs are typically clear to auscultation.
• Crackles and rhonchi may be found if lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia ensue.