Mastoiditis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
There are no diagnostic blood laboratory findings associated with mastoiditis. Some patients with mastoiditis may have elevated [[ESR]], [[CRP]] and [[white blood cells]] with a [[left shift]]. These laboratory findings are nonspecific and not helpful in making the diagnosis. It is very important to obtain clinical specimens for microbiology. Microbial results are crucial in the proper antimicrobial choice for treatment. There are multiple type of bacteria that may cause [[Mastoiditis causes|mastoiditis]] like strep species and staphylococcus aureus, and there is rising concerns about antibiotic resistance in some microorganisms. The obtained fluid or pus should be sent for Gram stain, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Specimens for mastoiditis treatment could be obtain via multiple sites such as middle ear via tympanocentesis or myringotomy, percutaneous aspiration from subperiosteal abscess, cerebrospinal fluid, blood cultures. | There are no diagnostic blood laboratory findings associated with mastoiditis. Some patients with mastoiditis may have elevated [[ESR]], [[CRP]] and [[white blood cells]] with a [[left shift]]. These laboratory findings are nonspecific and not helpful in making the diagnosis. It is very important to obtain clinical specimens for [[microbiology]]. Microbial results are crucial in the proper [[antimicrobial]] choice for treatment. There are multiple type of bacteria that may cause [[Mastoiditis causes|mastoiditis]] like [[Streptococcus|strep]] species and [[staphylococcus aureus]], and there is rising concerns about antibiotic [[resistance]] in some microorganisms. The obtained fluid or pus should be sent for [[Gram stain]], [[aerobic]] and [[anaerobic]] culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Specimens for mastoiditis treatment could be obtain via multiple sites such as middle ear via [[tympanocentesis]] or [[myringotomy]], [[percutaneous]] [[aspiration]] from subperiosteal [[abscess]], [[cerebrospinal fluid]], [[Blood culture|blood cultures]]. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
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== Microbiologic cultures == | == Microbiologic cultures == | ||
It is very important to obtain clinical specimens for microbiology. Microbial results are crucial in the proper antimicrobial choice for treatment. There are multiple type of bacteria that may cause [[Mastoiditis causes|mastoiditis]] like strep species and staphylococcus aureus, and there is rising concerns about antibiotic resistance in some microorganisms. The obtained fluid or pus should be sent for Gram stain, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Specimens for mastoiditis treatment could be obtain via each of below sites:<ref name="pmid11165635">{{cite journal |vauthors=Luntz M, Brodsky A, Nusem S, Kronenberg J, Keren G, Migirov L, Cohen D, Zohar S, Shapira A, Ophir D, Fishman G, Rosen G, Kisilevsky V, Magamse I, Zaaroura S, Joachims HZ, Goldenberg D |title=Acute mastoiditis--the antibiotic era: a multicenter study |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |year=2001 |pmid=11165635 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18617870">{{cite journal |vauthors=van den Aardweg MT, Rovers MM, de Ru JA, Albers FW, Schilder AG |title=A systematic review of diagnostic criteria for acute mastoiditis in children |journal=Otol. Neurotol. |volume=29 |issue=6 |pages=751–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18617870 |doi=10.1097/MAO.0b013e31817f736b |url=}}</ref> | It is very important to obtain clinical specimens for microbiology. Microbial results are crucial in the proper antimicrobial choice for treatment. There are multiple type of bacteria that may cause [[Mastoiditis causes|mastoiditis]] like [[strep]] species and [[staphylococcus aureus]], and there is rising concerns about antibiotic resistance in some microorganisms. The obtained fluid or pus should be sent for [[Gram stain]], [[aerobic]] and [[anaerobic]] culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Specimens for mastoiditis treatment could be obtain via each of below sites:<ref name="pmid11165635">{{cite journal |vauthors=Luntz M, Brodsky A, Nusem S, Kronenberg J, Keren G, Migirov L, Cohen D, Zohar S, Shapira A, Ophir D, Fishman G, Rosen G, Kisilevsky V, Magamse I, Zaaroura S, Joachims HZ, Goldenberg D |title=Acute mastoiditis--the antibiotic era: a multicenter study |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=57 |issue=1 |pages=1–9 |year=2001 |pmid=11165635 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid18617870">{{cite journal |vauthors=van den Aardweg MT, Rovers MM, de Ru JA, Albers FW, Schilder AG |title=A systematic review of diagnostic criteria for acute mastoiditis in children |journal=Otol. Neurotol. |volume=29 |issue=6 |pages=751–7 |year=2008 |pmid=18617870 |doi=10.1097/MAO.0b013e31817f736b |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Middle ear via tympanocentesis or myringotomy | * [[Middle ear]] via [[tympanocentesis]] or [[myringotomy]] | ||
* Subperiosteal abscess; in this condition percutaneous aspiration is preferred. | * Subperiosteal [[abscess]]; in this condition [[percutaneous]] [[aspiration]] is preferred. | ||
* Cerebrospinal fluid; in the case of meningismus (stiff neck, headache for eg.) | * [[Cerebrospinal fluid]]; in the case of [[meningismus]] ([[stiff neck]], [[headache]] for eg.) | ||
* Blood cultures; blood cultures commonly are negative | * [[Blood culture|Blood cultures]]; [[blood cultures]] commonly are negative | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 17:31, 30 June 2017
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Mastoiditis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mehrian Jafarizade, M.D [2]
Overview
There are no diagnostic blood laboratory findings associated with mastoiditis. Some patients with mastoiditis may have elevated ESR, CRP and white blood cells with a left shift. These laboratory findings are nonspecific and not helpful in making the diagnosis. It is very important to obtain clinical specimens for microbiology. Microbial results are crucial in the proper antimicrobial choice for treatment. There are multiple type of bacteria that may cause mastoiditis like strep species and staphylococcus aureus, and there is rising concerns about antibiotic resistance in some microorganisms. The obtained fluid or pus should be sent for Gram stain, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Specimens for mastoiditis treatment could be obtain via multiple sites such as middle ear via tympanocentesis or myringotomy, percutaneous aspiration from subperiosteal abscess, cerebrospinal fluid, blood cultures.
Laboratory Findings
There are no diagnostic blood laboratory findings associated with mastoiditis. Some patients with mastoiditis may have elevated ESR, CRP and white blood cells with a left shift. These laboratory findings are nonspecific and not helpful in making the diagnosis.[1][2]
Microbiologic cultures
It is very important to obtain clinical specimens for microbiology. Microbial results are crucial in the proper antimicrobial choice for treatment. There are multiple type of bacteria that may cause mastoiditis like strep species and staphylococcus aureus, and there is rising concerns about antibiotic resistance in some microorganisms. The obtained fluid or pus should be sent for Gram stain, aerobic and anaerobic culture, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Specimens for mastoiditis treatment could be obtain via each of below sites:[3][4]
- Middle ear via tympanocentesis or myringotomy
- Subperiosteal abscess; in this condition percutaneous aspiration is preferred.
- Cerebrospinal fluid; in the case of meningismus (stiff neck, headache for eg.)
- Blood cultures; blood cultures commonly are negative
References
- ↑ Lin HW, Shargorodsky J, Gopen Q (2010). "Clinical strategies for the management of acute mastoiditis in the pediatric population". Clin Pediatr (Phila). 49 (2): 110–5. doi:10.1177/0009922809344349. PMID 19734439.
- ↑ Pang LH, Barakate MS, Havas TE (2009). "Mastoiditis in a paediatric population: a review of 11 years experience in management". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 73 (11): 1520–4. doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2009.07.003. PMID 19758711.
- ↑ Luntz M, Brodsky A, Nusem S, Kronenberg J, Keren G, Migirov L, Cohen D, Zohar S, Shapira A, Ophir D, Fishman G, Rosen G, Kisilevsky V, Magamse I, Zaaroura S, Joachims HZ, Goldenberg D (2001). "Acute mastoiditis--the antibiotic era: a multicenter study". Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. 57 (1): 1–9. PMID 11165635.
- ↑ van den Aardweg MT, Rovers MM, de Ru JA, Albers FW, Schilder AG (2008). "A systematic review of diagnostic criteria for acute mastoiditis in children". Otol. Neurotol. 29 (6): 751–7. doi:10.1097/MAO.0b013e31817f736b. PMID 18617870.