Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
| Line 11: | Line 11: | ||
==Natural History, Complication and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complication and Prognosis== | ||
===Natural History=== | ===Natural History=== | ||
Pheochromocytoma is adrenaline secreting tumor, usually develop in fifth decade of life. Symptoms start with tachycardia, hypertension, headache and sweating. If left untreated it causes hyperglycemia, [[Hypertensive Emergencies|hypertension emergency]] that causes heart failure, [[Stroke|cerebrovascular strokes]]. If malignant, It cam metastasize to [[lymph nodes]], [[bones]], [[lungs]], and [[liver]]. | * Pheochromocytoma is adrenaline secreting tumor, usually develop in fifth decade of life. | ||
*Fifty percent of pheochromocytomas in children are solitary intra-adrenal lesions, 25% are present bilaterally, and 25% are extra-adrenal. | |||
*Most catecholamine-secreting tumors are sporadic. | |||
*However, 30% of patients got the tumor as a part of familial disease, the catecholamine-secreting tumors are more likely to be bilateral.<ref name="pmid28324046">{{cite journal| author=Pamporaki C, Hamplova B, Peitzsch M, Prejbisz A, Beuschlein F, Timmers HJLM et al.| title=Characteristics of Pediatric vs Adult Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas. | journal=J Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2017 | volume= 102 | issue= 4 | pages= 1122-1132 | pmid=28324046 | doi=10.1210/jc.2016-3829 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28324046 }}</ref> | |||
Symptoms start with tachycardia, hypertension, headache and sweating. If left untreated it causes hyperglycemia, [[Hypertensive Emergencies|hypertension emergency]] that causes heart failure, [[Stroke|cerebrovascular strokes]]. If malignant, It cam metastasize to [[lymph nodes]], [[bones]], [[lungs]], and [[liver]]. | |||
===Complication=== | ===Complication=== | ||
Revision as of 15:19, 10 July 2017
|
Pheochromocytoma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
FDA on Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
CDC on Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis in the news |
|
Blogs on Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Pheochromocytoma natural history, complications and prognosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmad Al Maradni, M.D. [2]
Please help WikiDoc by adding content here. It's easy! Click here to learn about editing.
Overview
Pheochromocytoma is adrenaline secreting tumor, usually develop in fifth decade of life. Symptoms start with tachycardia, hypertension, headache and sweating. Massive release of catecholamines can causes hyperglycemia, malignant hypertension and metastasis. The prognosis of pheochromocytoma is generally good but metastatic pheochromocytoma has a 5-year survival rate of approximately 50%[1]
Natural History, Complication and Prognosis
Natural History
- Pheochromocytoma is adrenaline secreting tumor, usually develop in fifth decade of life.
- Fifty percent of pheochromocytomas in children are solitary intra-adrenal lesions, 25% are present bilaterally, and 25% are extra-adrenal.
- Most catecholamine-secreting tumors are sporadic.
- However, 30% of patients got the tumor as a part of familial disease, the catecholamine-secreting tumors are more likely to be bilateral.[2]
Symptoms start with tachycardia, hypertension, headache and sweating. If left untreated it causes hyperglycemia, hypertension emergency that causes heart failure, cerebrovascular strokes. If malignant, It cam metastasize to lymph nodes, bones, lungs, and liver.
Complication
- The massive release of catecholamines in pheochromocytoma can cause damage to myocytes.[3] This damage may be due to either a compromise of the coronary microcirculation or the direct toxic effects of catecholamines on myocytes.[3]
Other complications may include:
- Hyperglycemia due to opposing insulin effect by high doses of adrenaline secreted by tumor.
- Malignant hypertension that may cause cerebrovascular accidents such as intracranial hemorrhage, coronary syndrome, aortic dissection and heart failure.
- Metastasis to lymph nodes, bones, lungs, and liver.
Prognosis
- Pheochromocytoma prognosis is good if treated.
- Approximately 10% recur after being resected.
- Patients with metastatic pheochromocytoma five-year survival rates are approximately 50%.[1]. Survival rate may depend on the primary tumor site and sites of metastases.
- Tumor burden, location of metastases, and rate of progression are the main factors affecting prognosis. Metastases in brain, liver have a worse prognosis than other metastases.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 National Cancer Institute. Physician Data Query Database 2015. http://www.cancer.gov/types/pheochromocytoma/hp/pheochromocytoma-treatment-pdq#link/_25_toc
- ↑ Pamporaki C, Hamplova B, Peitzsch M, Prejbisz A, Beuschlein F, Timmers HJLM; et al. (2017). "Characteristics of Pediatric vs Adult Pheochromocytomas and Paragangliomas". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 102 (4): 1122–1132. doi:10.1210/jc.2016-3829. PMID 28324046.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Goldman 2011, pp. 327