Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other diseases: Difference between revisions
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==Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other Diseases== | ==Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other Diseases== | ||
*Disorders in which ADH levels are elevated<ref name="pmid25078421">{{cite journal| author=Danziger J, Zeidel ML| title=Osmotic homeostasis. | journal=Clin J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 2015 | volume= 10 | issue= 5 | pages= 852-62 | pmid=25078421 | doi=10.2215/CJN.10741013 | pmc=4422250 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25078421 }} </ref> | |||
**Reduced effective arterial blood volume | |||
***True volume depletion | |||
***Heart failure | |||
***Cirrhosis | |||
**Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion, including reset osmostat pattern | |||
**Hormonal changes | |||
***Adrenal insufficiency | |||
***Hypothyroidism | |||
***Pregnancy | |||
=== | *Disorders in which ADH levels may be appropriately suppressed<ref name="pmid25551526">{{cite journal| author=Sterns RH| title=Disorders of plasma sodium--causes, consequences, and correction. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2015 | volume= 372 | issue= 1 | pages= 55-65 | pmid=25551526 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra1404489 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25551526 }} </ref> | ||
**Advanced renal failure | |||
**Primary polydipsia | |||
**Beer drinker's potomania | |||
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=== | *Hyponatremia with normal or elevated plasma osmolality<ref name="pmid24722436">{{cite journal| author=Fenske WK, Christ-Crain M, Hörning A, Simet J, Szinnai G, Fassnacht M et al.| title=A copeptin-based classification of the osmoregulatory defects in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis. | journal=J Am Soc Nephrol | year= 2014 | volume= 25 | issue= 10 | pages= 2376-83 | pmid=24722436 | doi=10.1681/ASN.2013080895 | pmc=4178436 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24722436 }} </ref> | ||
* | **High plasma osmolality (effective osmols) | ||
* | ***Hyperglycemia | ||
* | ***Mannitol | ||
* | **High plasma osmolality (ineffective osmols) | ||
* | ***Renal failure | ||
* | ***Alcohol intoxication with an elevated serum alcohol concentration | ||
* | **Normal plasma osmolality | ||
* | ***Pseudohyponatremia (laboratory artifact) | ||
* | ****High triglycerides | ||
* | ****Cholestatic and obstructive jaundice (lipoprotein-X) | ||
* | ****Multiple myeloma | ||
* | ***Absorption of irrigant solutions | ||
* | ****Glycine | ||
* | ****Sorbitol | ||
* | ****Mannitol | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:08, 11 July 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Diabetes insipidus must be differentiated from other diseases that cause polyuria which is defined as a urine output exceeding 3 L/day in adults and 2 L/m2 in children, increased frequency or nocturia and polydipsia.
Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other Diseases
- Disorders in which ADH levels are elevated[1]
- Reduced effective arterial blood volume
- True volume depletion
- Heart failure
- Cirrhosis
- Syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion, including reset osmostat pattern
- Hormonal changes
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Hypothyroidism
- Pregnancy
- Reduced effective arterial blood volume
- Disorders in which ADH levels may be appropriately suppressed[2]
- Advanced renal failure
- Primary polydipsia
- Beer drinker's potomania
- Hyponatremia with normal or elevated plasma osmolality[3]
- High plasma osmolality (effective osmols)
- Hyperglycemia
- Mannitol
- High plasma osmolality (ineffective osmols)
- Renal failure
- Alcohol intoxication with an elevated serum alcohol concentration
- Normal plasma osmolality
- Pseudohyponatremia (laboratory artifact)
- High triglycerides
- Cholestatic and obstructive jaundice (lipoprotein-X)
- Multiple myeloma
- Absorption of irrigant solutions
- Glycine
- Sorbitol
- Mannitol
- Pseudohyponatremia (laboratory artifact)
- High plasma osmolality (effective osmols)
References
- ↑ Danziger J, Zeidel ML (2015). "Osmotic homeostasis". Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 10 (5): 852–62. doi:10.2215/CJN.10741013. PMC 4422250. PMID 25078421.
- ↑ Sterns RH (2015). "Disorders of plasma sodium--causes, consequences, and correction". N Engl J Med. 372 (1): 55–65. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1404489. PMID 25551526.
- ↑ Fenske WK, Christ-Crain M, Hörning A, Simet J, Szinnai G, Fassnacht M; et al. (2014). "A copeptin-based classification of the osmoregulatory defects in the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis". J Am Soc Nephrol. 25 (10): 2376–83. doi:10.1681/ASN.2013080895. PMC 4178436. PMID 24722436.