Dermatophytosis classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
[[Dermatophytes]] may be classified according to various schemes.<ref name="pmid4804599">{{cite journal| author=Ton JG, Boelens WC, Gallas P| title=Resection of the rectum with preservation of the anal sphincter. | journal=Arch Chir Neerl | year= 1973 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 179-87 | pmid=4804599 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4804599 }}</ref> | [[Dermatophytes]] may be classified according to various schemes.<ref name="pmid4804599">{{cite journal| author=Ton JG, Boelens WC, Gallas P| title=Resection of the rectum with preservation of the anal sphincter. | journal=Arch Chir Neerl | year= 1973 | volume= 25 | issue= 2 | pages= 179-87 | pmid=4804599 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=4804599 }}</ref><ref name="pmid10074502">{{cite journal |vauthors=Makimura K, Tamura Y, Mochizuki T, Hasegawa A, Tajiri Y, Hanazawa R, Uchida K, Saito H, Yamaguchi H |title=Phylogenetic classification and species identification of dermatophyte strains based on DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 regions |journal=J. Clin. Microbiol. |volume=37 |issue=4 |pages=920–4 |year=1999 |pmid=10074502 |pmc=88625 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
=== Classification Based On Genera === | === Classification Based On Genera === | ||
Based upon their genera, [[dermatophytes]] can be classified into three groups: | Based upon their genera, [[dermatophytes]] can be classified into three groups: | ||
* ''[[Trichophyton]]'' (which causes infections on skin, hair, and nails) | * ''[[Trichophyton]]'' (which causes [[infections]] on [[skin]], [[hair]], and [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]]) | ||
* [[Epidermophyton]] (which causes infections on skin and nails) | * [[Epidermophyton]] (which causes [[Infection|infections]] on [[skin]] and [[Nail (anatomy)|nails]]) | ||
* ''[[Microsporum]]'' (which causes infections on skin and hair) | * ''[[Microsporum]]'' (which causes [[Infection|infections]] on [[skin]] and [[hair]]) | ||
=== Classification Based On Mode of Transmission === | === Classification Based On Mode of Transmission === | ||
Based upon mode of transmission, these have been classified as: | Based upon mode of transmission, these have been classified as: | ||
* | * Anthrophillic | ||
* [[Zoophilic]] | * [[Zoophilic]] | ||
* [[Geophilic]] | * [[Geophilic]] | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Anthrophilic species | |||
!Zoophilic species | |||
!Geophilic species | |||
|- | |||
|E. floccossum | |||
|M. canis | |||
|E. stockdaleae | |||
|- | |||
|M. audouinii | |||
|M. equinum | |||
|M. amazonicum | |||
|- | |||
|M. concentricum | |||
|T. gallinae | |||
|Microsporum anamorph of A. cookiellum | |||
|- | |||
|T. gourvilli | |||
|M. persicolor | |||
|M. boullandii | |||
|- | |||
|T. kanei | |||
|T. equinum | |||
|M. cookei | |||
|- | |||
|T. meginii | |||
|T. mentagrophytes | |||
|M. gypseum | |||
|- | |||
|T. mentagrophytes | |||
|T. sarkisorii | |||
|M. nanum | |||
|- | |||
|T. raubitsschekii | |||
|T. simii | |||
|M. nanum | |||
|- | |||
|T. rubrum | |||
|T. verrucosum | |||
|M. praecox | |||
|- | |||
|T. schoenleinii | |||
| | |||
|M. racemosum | |||
|- | |||
|T. soudanese | |||
| | |||
|M. ripariae | |||
|- | |||
|T. tonsurans | |||
| | |||
|M. vanbreuseghemii | |||
|- | |||
|T. violaceum | |||
| | |||
|T. ajelloi | |||
|- | |||
|T. yaoundei | |||
| | |||
|T. flavescens | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|T. gloriae, T. longifusum | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|T. phaseoliforme | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|T. vanbreuseghemii | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|T. terrestre | |||
|} | |||
===Classification Based On Disease Patterns=== | ===Classification Based On Disease Patterns=== | ||
| Line 30: | Line 106: | ||
* [[Tinea cruris]] ([[jock itch]]) affects the groin area | * [[Tinea cruris]] ([[jock itch]]) affects the groin area | ||
* [[Tinea manuum]] affects the hands and palm area | * [[Tinea manuum]] affects the hands and palm area | ||
* [[Tinea capitis]] affects the scalp | * [[Tinea capitis]] affects the [[scalp]] | ||
* [[Tinea barbae]] affects facial hair | * [[Tinea barbae]] affects facial hair | ||
* [[Tinea faciei]] (face fungus) affects the face | * [[Tinea faciei]] (face fungus) affects the face | ||
Other superficial mycoses (not classic ringworm, since not caused by [[dermatophytes]]) | Other superficial mycoses (not classic [[ringworm]], since not caused by [[dermatophytes]]) | ||
* [[Tinea versicolor]] caused by Malassezia furfur | * [[Tinea versicolor]] caused by Malassezia furfur | ||
* [[Tinea nigra]] caused by Hortaea werneckii | * [[Tinea nigra]] caused by Hortaea werneckii | ||
Revision as of 16:13, 24 July 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]
Overview
Dermatophytes may be classified according to genera, mode of transmission and disease patterns. Dermatophytes of the genera Trichophyton and Microsporum are the most common causative agents.
Classification
Dermatophytes may be classified according to various schemes.[1][2]
Classification Based On Genera
Based upon their genera, dermatophytes can be classified into three groups:
- Trichophyton (which causes infections on skin, hair, and nails)
- Epidermophyton (which causes infections on skin and nails)
- Microsporum (which causes infections on skin and hair)
Classification Based On Mode of Transmission
Based upon mode of transmission, these have been classified as:
| Anthrophilic species | Zoophilic species | Geophilic species |
|---|---|---|
| E. floccossum | M. canis | E. stockdaleae |
| M. audouinii | M. equinum | M. amazonicum |
| M. concentricum | T. gallinae | Microsporum anamorph of A. cookiellum |
| T. gourvilli | M. persicolor | M. boullandii |
| T. kanei | T. equinum | M. cookei |
| T. meginii | T. mentagrophytes | M. gypseum |
| T. mentagrophytes | T. sarkisorii | M. nanum |
| T. raubitsschekii | T. simii | M. nanum |
| T. rubrum | T. verrucosum | M. praecox |
| T. schoenleinii | M. racemosum | |
| T. soudanese | M. ripariae | |
| T. tonsurans | M. vanbreuseghemii | |
| T. violaceum | T. ajelloi | |
| T. yaoundei | T. flavescens | |
| T. gloriae, T. longifusum | ||
| T. phaseoliforme | ||
| T. vanbreuseghemii | ||
| T. terrestre |
Classification Based On Disease Patterns
Dermatophytosis
- Tinea pedis (athlete's foot) affects the feet
- Tinea unguium affects the fingernails and toenails
- Tinea corporis affects the arms, legs, and trunk
- Tinea cruris (jock itch) affects the groin area
- Tinea manuum affects the hands and palm area
- Tinea capitis affects the scalp
- Tinea barbae affects facial hair
- Tinea faciei (face fungus) affects the face
Other superficial mycoses (not classic ringworm, since not caused by dermatophytes)
- Tinea versicolor caused by Malassezia furfur
- Tinea nigra caused by Hortaea werneckii
- Tinea pseudoimbricata
- Majocchi granuloma
References
- ↑ Ton JG, Boelens WC, Gallas P (1973). "Resection of the rectum with preservation of the anal sphincter". Arch Chir Neerl. 25 (2): 179–87. PMID 4804599.
- ↑ Makimura K, Tamura Y, Mochizuki T, Hasegawa A, Tajiri Y, Hanazawa R, Uchida K, Saito H, Yamaguchi H (1999). "Phylogenetic classification and species identification of dermatophyte strains based on DNA sequences of nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 regions". J. Clin. Microbiol. 37 (4): 920–4. PMC 88625. PMID 10074502.