Lyme disease classification: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} | {{CMG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Lyme disease may be classified into three stages. The first stage is localized Lyme disease, the second is disseminated Lyme disease and the third is late disseminated Lyme disease. During stage 1, the patient can develop [[erythema migrans]] rash. Ten to twenty percent of the patients who have Lyme disease can develop post treatment Lyme disease syndrome. | Lyme disease may be classified into three stages. The first stage is localized Lyme disease, the second is disseminated Lyme disease and the third is late disseminated Lyme disease. During stage 1, the patient can develop [[erythema migrans]] [[rash]]. Ten to twenty percent of the patients who have Lyme disease can develop post treatment Lyme disease syndrome. | ||
== Classification == | == Classification == | ||
===Classification Based on Clinical Stage=== | ===Classification Based on Clinical Stage=== | ||
* Stage 1 is called early localized Lyme disease. The infection is not yet widespread throughout the body. | * Stage 1 is called early localized Lyme disease. [[Infection|The infection]] is not yet widespread throughout the [[body]]. | ||
* Stage 2 is called early disseminated Lyme disease. The bacteria have begun to spread throughout the body. | * Stage 2 is called early disseminated Lyme disease. [[Bacteria|The bacteria]] have begun to spread throughout the body. | ||
* Stage 3 is called late disseminated Lyme disease. The bacteria have spread throughout the body. | * Stage 3 is called late disseminated Lyme disease. The bacteria have spread throughout the body. | ||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Early Symptoms''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Early Symptoms''' | ||
| | | colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |[[Fever]], [[headache]], [[rash]], [[neck pain]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Late Symptoms and Complications''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Late Symptoms and Complications''' | ||
| | | colspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |[[Joint pain]] and [[Arthritis]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Nausea / Vomiting?''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Nausea / Vomiting?''' | ||
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Diagnosis''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''Diagnosis''' | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Serology or PCR | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Serology or PCR | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Serology or PCR | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Serology or [[PCR]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Treatment''' | | style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | '''Treatment''' | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Doxycycline | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Doxycycline | ||
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |Doxycycline | | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px;" |[[Doxycycline]] | ||
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<sup>Adapted from Pritt BS et al. Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study. Lancet Infectious Diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8<ref name="LancetID">{{cite journal |last=Pritt |first=BS |last2=Mead |first2=PS |date=Feb 5 2016 |title=Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study |url=http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laninf/PIIS1473-3099(15)00464-8.pdf |journal=Lancet Infectious Diseases |doi=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8 |access-date=9 February 2016}}</ref> | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). New Lyme-disease-causing bacteria species discovered. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0208-lyme-disease.html. Retrieved February 9th 2016.<ref name="CDC">New Lyme-disease-causing bacteria species discovered - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0208-lyme-disease.html Accessed on Feb 9 2016</ref></sup> | <sup>Adapted from Pritt BS et al. Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study. Lancet Infectious Diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8<ref name="LancetID">{{cite journal |last=Pritt |first=BS |last2=Mead |first2=PS |date=Feb 5 2016 |title=Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study |url=http://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laninf/PIIS1473-3099(15)00464-8.pdf |journal=Lancet Infectious Diseases |doi=http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8 |access-date=9 February 2016}}</ref> | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). New Lyme-disease-causing bacteria species discovered. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0208-lyme-disease.html. Retrieved February 9th 2016.<ref name="CDC">New Lyme-disease-causing bacteria species discovered - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0208-lyme-disease.html Accessed on Feb 9 2016</ref></sup> | ||
Revision as of 18:16, 25 July 2017
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Lyme disease classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Lyme disease may be classified into three stages. The first stage is localized Lyme disease, the second is disseminated Lyme disease and the third is late disseminated Lyme disease. During stage 1, the patient can develop erythema migrans rash. Ten to twenty percent of the patients who have Lyme disease can develop post treatment Lyme disease syndrome.
Classification
Classification Based on Clinical Stage
- Stage 1 is called early localized Lyme disease. The infection is not yet widespread throughout the body.
- Stage 2 is called early disseminated Lyme disease. The bacteria have begun to spread throughout the body.
- Stage 3 is called late disseminated Lyme disease. The bacteria have spread throughout the body.
Classification Based on Causative Organism
- Lyme disease is usually caused by B. burgdorferi. However, B. mayonii has recently been discovered to be responsible for development of Lyme disease.
- The following table demonstrates key clinical and epidemiological features that distinguish B. burgdorferi from B. mayonii:[1]
| General information | B. burgdorferi | B. mayonii
|
|---|---|---|
| Transmission | Tick bite | Tick bite |
| Distribution in the USA | Northeast, Mid-Atlantic, and Midwest regions | Midwest region |
| Bacteria Concentration in Blood (Spirochetemia) | Lower | Higher |
| Early Symptoms | Fever, headache, rash, neck pain | |
| Late Symptoms and Complications | Joint pain and Arthritis | |
| Nausea / Vomiting? | No | Yes |
| Rash Characteristics | Bull's-eye target lesion | Diffuse rash |
| Diagnosis | Serology or PCR | Serology or PCR |
| Treatment | Doxycycline | Doxycycline |
Adapted from Pritt BS et al. Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study. Lancet Infectious Diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8[1] | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). New Lyme-disease-causing bacteria species discovered. URL: http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0208-lyme-disease.html. Retrieved February 9th 2016.[2]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Pritt, BS; Mead, PS (Feb 5 2016). "Identification of a novel pathogenic Borrelia species causing Lyme borreliosis with unusually high spirochaetaemia: a descriptive study" (PDF). Lancet Infectious Diseases. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00464-8 Check
|doi=value (help). Retrieved 9 February 2016. Check date values in:|date=(help) - ↑ New Lyme-disease-causing bacteria species discovered - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) http://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2016/p0208-lyme-disease.html Accessed on Feb 9 2016