Strongyloidiasis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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!Laboratory findings | !Laboratory findings | ||
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|Peptic ulcer disease | |[[Peptic ulcer disease]] | ||
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* [[Abdominal pain]], | * [[Abdominal pain]], | ||
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* Waterbrash (rush of saliva after an episode of regurgitation to dilute the acid in esophagus) | * Waterbrash (rush of saliva after an episode of regurgitation to dilute the acid in esophagus) | ||
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* Rapid urease testing positive | * Rapid [[Urease|urease testing]] positive | ||
* H. pylori on histology | * [[Helicobacter pylori|H. pylori]] on histology | ||
* Negative stool exam and serology | * Negative stool exam and serology | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Intussusception | |[[Intussusception]] | ||
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* Abdominal pain that is colicky and intermittent | * [[Abdominal pain]] that is colicky and intermittent | ||
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* Currant jelly stools | * Currant jelly stools | ||
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|Bile duct stone | |Bile duct stone | ||
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* Acute abdominal pain | * [[Abdominal pain|Acute abdominal pain]] | ||
* Nausea and vomiting | * [[Nausea and vomiting]] | ||
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* Pain is usually located in the upper right abdominal area radiates to shoulders. | * Pain is usually located in the upper right abdominal area radiates to shoulders. | ||
* Jaundice | * [[Jaundice]] | ||
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*Bilirubin | *[[Bilirubin]] | ||
*Abnormal liver function tests | *Abnormal liver function tests | ||
*Elevation of pancreatic enzymes | *Elevation of pancreatic enzymes | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2] Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[3]
Overview
Strongyloidiasis must be differentiated from other nematode infections and gastrointestinal pathologies such as peptic ulcer disease, intussusception, and bile duct stone.[1]
Differentiating Strongyloidiasis from other diseases
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate Strongyloidiasis from other nematode infections:
| Differentiating strongyloidiasis from other Nematode infections[2][3][4] | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infection | Nematode | Transmission | Direct Person-Person Transmission | Duration of Infection | Pulmonary Manifestation | Location of Adult worm(s) | Treatment |
| Strongyloidiasis | Strongyloides stercoralis | Filariform larvae penetrate skin or bowel mucosa | Yes |
|
|
Embedded in the mucosa of the duodenum, jejunum | |
| Trichuriasis | Trichuris trichiura
(whipworm) |
Ingestion of infective ova | No | 1-3 years |
|
Anchored in the superficial mucosa of cecum and colon | |
| Ascariasis | Ascaris lumbricoides | Ingestion of infective ova | No | 1-2 years |
|
Free air in the lumen of the small bowel
(primarily jejunum) |
|
| Hookworm infection | Necator americanus and Ancylostoma duodenale | Skin penetration by filariform larvae | No |
|
|
Attached to the mucosa of mid-upper portion of the small bowel | |
| Enterobiasis | Enterobius vermicularis
(pinworm) |
Ingestion of infective ova | Yes |
|
|
Free air in the lumen of cecum, appendix, adjacent colon | |
The table below summarizes the findings that differentiate Strongyloidiasis from peptic ulcer disease, Intussusception and bile duct stone:
| Disease | Common findings | Differentiating features | Laboratory findings |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peptic ulcer disease |
|
|
|
| Intussusception |
|
|
|
| Bile duct stone |
|
|
References
- ↑ Puthiyakunnon S, Boddu S, Li Y, Zhou X, Wang C, Li J, Chen X (2014). "Strongyloidiasis--an insight into its global prevalence and management". PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 8 (8): e3018. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003018. PMC 4133206. PMID 25121962.
- ↑ Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.
- ↑ Kim, Kami; Weiss, Louis; Tanowitz, Herbert (2016). "Chapter 39:Parasitic Infections". Murray and Nadel's Textbook of Respiratory Medicine Sixth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 682–698. ISBN 978-1-4557-3383-5.
- ↑ Serpytis M, Seinin D (2012). "Fatal case of ectopic enterobiasis: Enterobius vermicularis in the kidneys". Scand J Urol Nephrol. 46 (1): 70–2. doi:10.3109/00365599.2011.609834. PMID 21879805.