Psittacosis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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/* Differentiating Psittacosis from other Disease{{cite journal| author=Yung AP, Grayson ML| title=Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases. | journal=Med J Aust | year= 1988 | volume= 148 | issue= 5 | pages= 228-33 | pmid=3343952 | doi= | pmc= | url=https:/...
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==Differentiating Psittacosis from other Disease<ref name="pmid3343952">{{cite journal| author=Yung AP, Grayson ML| title=Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases. | journal=Med J Aust | year= 1988 | volume= 148 | issue= 5 | pages= 228-33 | pmid=3343952 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3343952  }} </ref>==
==Differentiating Psittacosis from other Disease<ref name="pmid3343952">{{cite journal| author=Yung AP, Grayson ML| title=Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases. | journal=Med J Aust | year= 1988 | volume= 148 | issue= 5 | pages= 228-33 | pmid=3343952 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3343952  }} </ref>==
The following [[diseases]] must be differentiated from [[psittacosis]] based on the presentation of [[cough]], [[fever]], [[myalgia]], and [[shortness of breath]].
The following [[diseases]] must be differentiated from [[psittacosis]] based on the presentation of [[cough]], [[fever]], [[myalgia]], and [[shortness of breath]].
*[[Typical pneumoniae]]
*''C. pneumoniae'' pneumonia
*[[Atypical Pneumoniae]]
*''M. pneumoniae'' pneumonia
*[[Legionella infection]]
*[[Legionella infection|''L. pneumophila'' infection]]


*[[Influenza (Flu) (For Patients)|Influenza]]
*[[Influenza (Flu) (For Patients)|Influenza]]
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*[[Septicemia]]
*[[Septicemia]]
*[[Vasculitis]]  
*[[Vasculitis]]  
*[[Coxiella burnetii infection]]<ref name="pmid7756465">{{cite journal| author=Raoult D, Marrie T| title=Q fever. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 1995 | volume= 20 | issue= 3 | pages= 489-95; quiz 496 | pmid=7756465 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7756465  }} </ref>  
*[[Coxiella burnetii infection|''Coxiella burnetii'' infection]]<ref name="pmid7756465">{{cite journal| author=Raoult D, Marrie T| title=Q fever. | journal=Clin Infect Dis | year= 1995 | volume= 20 | issue= 3 | pages= 489-95; quiz 496 | pmid=7756465 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7756465  }} </ref>  
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Leptospirosis]]
*[[Brucellosis]]  
*[[Brucellosis]]  
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!Treatment
!Treatment
|-
|-
|[[Chlamydia psittaci|C.psittaci]]
|[[Chlamydia psittaci|''C.psittaci'']]
| ++
| ++
| -
| -
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|[[Doxycycline]]
|[[Doxycycline]]
|-
|-
|[[Chlamydia pneumoniae|C.pneumoniae]]
|[[Chlamydia pneumoniae|''C.pneumoniae'']]
| +
| +
| +
| +
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|[[Doxycycline]], [[Azithromycin]]
|[[Doxycycline]], [[Azithromycin]]
|-
|-
|[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae|M. pneumoniae]]
|[[Mycoplasma pneumoniae|''M. pneumoniae'']]
| ++
| ++
| ++
| ++
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|[[Doxycycline]]
|[[Doxycycline]]
|-
|-
|[[Legionella pneumophila|L. Pneumophila]]
|[[Legionella pneumophila|''L. Pneumophila'']]
| +
| +
| +++
| +++
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|[[Vancomycin]]
|[[Vancomycin]]
|-
|-
|[[Coxiella burnetii infection]]
|[[Coxiella burnetii infection|''Coxiella burnetii'' infection]]
| ++
| ++
| -
| -

Revision as of 21:22, 26 July 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [3]

Overview

Psittacosis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause atypical pneumonia,[1] febrile illness without localizing signs and extrapulmonary manifestations such as gastroenteritis, hepatitis, meningitis, or encephalitis. The three main diseases to differentiate psittacosis from are Chlamydia pneumoniae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Legionella infection as they tend to have similar clinical manifestations which can only be differentiated by taking appropriate histories and laboratory investigations. There are other conditions to watch out for which may also present similar to psittacosis.

Differentiating Psittacosis from other Disease[1]

The following diseases must be differentiated from psittacosis based on the presentation of cough, fever, myalgia, and shortness of breath.

Table 1; Differentiating C.psittaci from other diseases

Clinical feature Cough Sputum Dyspnea Sore throat Headache Confusion Diarrhea Chest radiograph changes Hyponatremia Leukopenia Abnormal Liver function tests Treatment
C.psittaci ++ - + - +++ + Minimal
  • No changes seen
 - + - Doxycycline
C.pneumoniae + + + +++ ++ + -
  • Minimal changes observed
 - - - Doxycycline, Azithromycin
M. pneumoniae ++ ++ ++ - - - - - - + Doxycycline
L. Pneumophila + +++ +++ - + ++ + Often Multifocal ++ + ++ Doxycycline
Influenza ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ +/- +/- - - - zanamivir, oseltamivir,
Endocarditis ++ ++ + - - - -
  • Hazy opacities at lung

bases bilaterally

- +/- +/- Vancomycin
Coxiella burnetii infection ++ - + +/- - +/- Minimal - +/- =/- Doxycycline
Leptospirosis ++ + ++ + + ++ -
  • Multiple ill-defined nodules in both lungs.
 +++ Doxycycline, azithromycin, amoxicillin
Brucellosis ++ - + - ++ + - -/+ +/- +/- Doxycycline, rifampin

Key;

+, occurs in some cases

++, occurs in many cases,

+++, occurs frequently

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Yung AP, Grayson ML (1988). "Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases". Med J Aust. 148 (5): 228–33. PMID 3343952.
  2. ↑ Raoult D, Marrie T (1995). "Q fever". Clin Infect Dis. 20 (3): 489–95, quiz 496. PMID 7756465.
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