Echinococcosis laboratory findings: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}} '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; {{KD}}; {{ADG}} | {{CMG}} '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' {{CZ}}; {{KD}}; {{ADG}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
In the patients suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] of [[serum]] for [[cystic echinococcosis]]. In case of [[alveolar echinococcosis]], [[Serological testing|serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s [[Titer|titers]] with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the [[Serology|serologic]] discrimination between patients infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']]. | In the [[patients]] suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] of [[serum]] for [[cystic echinococcosis]]. In case of [[alveolar echinococcosis]], [[Serological testing|serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s [[Titer|titers]] with both purified-specific and shared [[antigens]] permits the [[Serology|serologic]] discrimination between [[patients]] infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']]. | ||
==Laboratory Findings== | ==Laboratory Findings== | ||
In the patients suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening. | In the [[patients]] suspected of [[echinococcosis|echinococcosis,]] [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial [[Screening (medicine)|screening]]. | ||
===Serologic Tests=== | ===Serologic Tests=== | ||
====Cystic Echinococcosis==== | ====[[Cystic]] [[Echinococcosis]]==== | ||
[[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum. Specific confirmation of reactivity can be obtained by demonstrating echinococcal [[antigens]] by [[immunodiffusion]] (arc 5) procedures or [[immunoblot]] assays (8-, 21– kD bands). | [[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay]] ([[Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)|ELISA]]) and the indirect [[Hemagglutination assay|hemagglutination test]] are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum. Specific confirmation of reactivity can be obtained by demonstrating echinococcal [[antigens]] by [[immunodiffusion]] (arc 5) procedures or [[immunoblot]] assays (8-, 21– kD bands). | ||
====Alveolar Echinococcosis==== | ====[[Alveolar]] [[Echinococcosis]]==== | ||
[[Serological testing|Serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the [[Serological|serologic]] discrimination between patients infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']]. | [[Serological testing|Serologic test]] results are usually positive at high [[Titer|titers]]. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared [[antigens]] permits the [[Serological|serologic]] discrimination between [[patients]] infected with [[E. multilocularis|''E. multilocularis'']] and those infected with [[E. granulosus|''E. granulosus'']]. | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
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* [[Eosinophilia]] is rare | * [[Eosinophilia]] is rare | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Antibody testing | |[[Antibody]] testing | ||
(Immunoglobulin concentrations) | (Immunoglobulin concentrations) | ||
| | | | ||
| Line 40: | Line 40: | ||
* [[Factor V]] level decreases | * [[Factor V]] level decreases | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Serology tests | |[[Serology]] tests | ||
| | | | ||
* [[Antibody]] detection is more sensitive than [[antigen]] detection | * [[Antibody]] detection is more sensitive than [[antigen]] detection | ||
* [[ELISA test|ELISA]] and [[Hemagglutination assay|IHA]] are the methods most frequently employed for screening | * [[ELISA test|ELISA]] and [[Hemagglutination assay|IHA]] are the methods most frequently employed for [[Screening (medicine)|screening]] | ||
* Crude [[antigens]] such as hydatid fluid or protoscolex extracts are used | * Crude [[antigens]] such as hydatid fluid or protoscolex extracts are used | ||
* [[Immunoelectrophoresis]] and [[immunoblotting]] are used for confirmation | * [[Immunoelectrophoresis]] and [[immunoblotting]] are used for confirmation | ||
Revision as of 19:24, 27 July 2017
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Echinococcosis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Echinococcosis laboratory findings On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Echinococcosis laboratory findings |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Echinococcosis laboratory findings |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]; Kalsang Dolma, M.B.B.S.[3]; Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [4]
Overview
In the patients suspected of echinococcosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect hemagglutination test are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum for cystic echinococcosis. In case of alveolar echinococcosis, serologic test results are usually positive at high titers. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the serologic discrimination between patients infected with E. multilocularis and those infected with E. granulosus.
Laboratory Findings
In the patients suspected of echinococcosis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect hemagglutination test are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening.
Serologic Tests
Cystic Echinococcosis
Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the indirect hemagglutination test are highly sensitive procedures for the initial screening of serum. Specific confirmation of reactivity can be obtained by demonstrating echinococcal antigens by immunodiffusion (arc 5) procedures or immunoblot assays (8-, 21– kD bands).
Alveolar Echinococcosis
Serologic test results are usually positive at high titers. Comparing a patient’s titers with both purified-specific and shared antigens permits the serologic discrimination between patients infected with E. multilocularis and those infected with E. granulosus.
| Laboratory Tets | Findings |
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| CBC |
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| Antibody testing
(Immunoglobulin concentrations) |
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| Liver function tests |
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| Serology tests |
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