Osteoporosis classification: Difference between revisions
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=== Disease origin === | === Disease origin === | ||
* One of the major classification systems for osteoporosis is based on the origin [[disease]] come from; including: | * One of the major classification systems for osteoporosis is based on the origin [[disease]] come from; including: | ||
*# Primary osteoporosis: normal process of life, through which the bone density would became low; such as aging, or post-menopausal osteoporosis. | *# Primary osteoporosis: normal process of life, through which the bone density would became low; such as: aging, or post-menopausal osteoporosis. | ||
*# Secondary osteoporosis: earlier, more severe form of bone mass loss due to some kinds of [[pathology]]; such as immobilization, medication-induced (i.e., [[iatrogenic]]), [[endocrine]] dysfunction, [[cancer]]-related, and [[Chronic kidney diseas|chronic kidney disease]] related osteoporosis. | *# Secondary osteoporosis: earlier, more severe form of bone mass loss due to some kinds of [[pathology]]; such as: immobilization, medication-induced (i.e., [[iatrogenic]]), [[endocrine]] dysfunction, [[cancer]]-related, and [[Chronic kidney diseas|chronic kidney disease]] related osteoporosis. | ||
=== Disease severity === | === Disease severity === | ||
Revision as of 13:21, 1 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Classification
Disease origin
- One of the major classification systems for osteoporosis is based on the origin disease come from; including:
- Primary osteoporosis: normal process of life, through which the bone density would became low; such as: aging, or post-menopausal osteoporosis.
- Secondary osteoporosis: earlier, more severe form of bone mass loss due to some kinds of pathology; such as: immobilization, medication-induced (i.e., iatrogenic), endocrine dysfunction, cancer-related, and chronic kidney disease related osteoporosis.
Disease severity
- The main established classification system for osteoporosis is based on bone marrow density (BMD) in patients. The patients would be classified upon the site and method of measurements; also the used equipment and reference group of people may play roles. Finally, the major value using for classification of osteoporosis is T-score. T-score would be defined as "patient measured BMD value minus the reference BMD value (sex-matched and preferably for youth) divided the reference SD (sex-matched and preferably for youth)".[1]
- The common classification of osteoporosis upon BMD measured T-score is as following:
- T-score less than -1 and more than -2.5 assumes as osteopenia
- T-score equal to or less than -2.5 assumes as osteoporosis
- T-score equal to or less than -2.5 with history of fracture assumes as severe osteoporosis
- Lu and colleagues have found that pure using of T-score and comparing to reference normative data aged 20-29 years, as world health organization (WHO) criteria, is very inconsistent. Compared to other classification systems, it is better to standardize the normative data, maybe referring to older people; and also complex the findings of multiple sites BMD measures, in order to obtain a better classification systam.[1]