Psittacosis laboratory tests: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}}{{DAMI}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{ADI}}{{DAMI}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Exposure history is | Exposure history is critical to diagnosis. In psittacosis patients, [[complete blood count]] shows [[leukopenia]], [[thrombocytopenia]], and moderately elevated [[liver]] [[enzymes]]. | ||
== Laboratory Findings== | == Laboratory Findings== | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
===Culture=== | ===Culture=== | ||
*Culture of ''[[C. psittaci|C. psittac]]<nowiki/>i'' is demanding | *Culture of ''[[C. psittaci|C. psittac]]<nowiki/>i'' is demanding and requires a level 3 laboratory isolation facility because of the risk of laboratory transmission, so it is rarely performed. | ||
*[[Microbiological culture]]s from respiratory secretions. | *[[Microbiological culture]]s from respiratory secretions. | ||
*Culture of ''[[Chlamydia psittaci | *Culture of ''[[Chlamydia psittaci]]'' is hazardous and should only be carried out in biosafety laboratories. | ||
*It is a tedious process and seldom done. | *It is a tedious process and seldom done. | ||
===Serology=== | ===Serology=== | ||
[[Serology]] is the principal method of confirming the diagnosis of [[C. psittaci|''C. psittaci'']]. There are two types of serologic tests available: | [[Serology]] is the principal method of confirming the diagnosis of [[C. psittaci|''C. psittaci'']]. There are two types of serologic tests available: | ||
* Microimmunofluorescent antibody test (MIF): The MIF test is the most [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitive]] and [[Specificity (tests)|specific]] [[Serological testing|serologic test]] for ''[[C. psittaci]]'' but is only available in special laboratories. | * Microimmunofluorescent [[antibody]] test (MIF): The MIF test is the most [[Sensitivity (tests)|sensitive]] and [[Specificity (tests)|specific]] [[Serological testing|serologic test]] for ''[[C. psittaci]]'' but is only available in special laboratories. | ||
* [[Complement fixation test|Complement fixation]] (CF): It is the most widely available test but | * [[Complement fixation test|Complement fixation]] (CF): It is the most widely available test but cannot differentiate among the [[chlamydial]] [[species]]. | ||
=== Nucleic Acid Amplification === | === Nucleic Acid Amplification === | ||
* [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]] techniques have been utilized in [[outbreaks]] for several years and can give a rapid, [[Specificity (tests)|specific]] diagnosis, which is particularly important in severe infection. | * [[Polymerase chain reaction|PCR]] techniques have been utilized in [[outbreaks]] for several years and can give a rapid, [[Specificity (tests)|specific]] diagnosis, which is particularly important in severe infection. | ||
Revision as of 18:35, 9 August 2017
|
Psittacosis Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Psittacosis laboratory tests On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Psittacosis laboratory tests |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Psittacosis laboratory tests |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [3]
Overview
Exposure history is critical to diagnosis. In psittacosis patients, complete blood count shows leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and moderately elevated liver enzymes.
Laboratory Findings
Electrolyte and Biomarker Studies[1][2][3][4]
- Leukocytosis
- Rise in ESR
- Rise in CRP
- Liver enzymes elevated
- Rise in creatinine kinase
- Hyponatremia may be noticed
- Rise in blood urea nitrogen levels
- Urinalysis may show proteinuria
Culture
- Culture of C. psittaci is demanding and requires a level 3 laboratory isolation facility because of the risk of laboratory transmission, so it is rarely performed.
- Microbiological cultures from respiratory secretions.
- Culture of Chlamydia psittaci is hazardous and should only be carried out in biosafety laboratories.
- It is a tedious process and seldom done.
Serology
Serology is the principal method of confirming the diagnosis of C. psittaci. There are two types of serologic tests available:
- Microimmunofluorescent antibody test (MIF): The MIF test is the most sensitive and specific serologic test for C. psittaci but is only available in special laboratories.
- Complement fixation (CF): It is the most widely available test but cannot differentiate among the chlamydial species.
Nucleic Acid Amplification
- PCR techniques have been utilized in outbreaks for several years and can give a rapid, specific diagnosis, which is particularly important in severe infection.
Monoclonal antibody techniques
- More research is needed to support the efficacy and sensitivity of these tests.
References
- ↑ Kuwabara M, Tanemori N, Kawaguti Y, Nakamura K, Nomiyama S, Terada M; et al. (1990). "[Clinical features of 36 cases of psittacosis]". Kansenshogaku Zasshi. 64 (4): 498–503. PMID 2401812.
- ↑ Sahn SA (1988). "Pleural effusions in the atypical pneumonias". Semin Respir Infect. 3 (4): 322–34. PMID 3062725.
- ↑ Yung AP, Grayson ML (1988). "Psittacosis--a review of 135 cases". Med J Aust. 148 (5): 228–33. PMID 3343952.
- ↑ Crosse BA (1990). "Psittacosis: a clinical review". J Infect. 21 (3): 251–9. PMID 2273272.