Thyroid nodule other imaging findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Other Imaging Studies

Radionuclide thyroid scan/scintigraphy

using either technetium 99 mTc pertechnetate or 123I

radionuclide scan is contraindicated during pregnancy

Thyroid scintigraphy is useful to determine the functional status of a nodule. It is specifically indicated in patients with thyroid nodule and a low serum TSH to determine if the nodule is autonomously functioning.

In scintigraphy, iodine radioisotopes (more commonly used; usually 123I) or technetium pertechnetate (99Tc), are injected to the patient and then the radioisotope uptake time by the thyroid gland is measured.4406304 16910877

• High radioisotopes uptake=Hot nodule:
  • Hyperfunctioning nodules
• Low radioisotopes uptake=Cold nodule:
  • Most benign nodules
  • Most malignant thyroid nodules

FDG-PET scan

improve diagnostic accuracy of indeterminate thyroid nodules

In patients with thyroid PET incidentaloma, the incidence of primary thyroid malignancy is very high 

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There is insuffiecient evidence to recommend to or against routine clinical use