Gynecomastia physical examination: Difference between revisions
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*No significant findings. | *No significant findings. | ||
===Chest=== | ===Chest=== | ||
*Breast enlargement | *Breast enlargement<ref name="pmid25905330">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng JCM |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=25905330 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Size of a nipple-areolar complex may be increased in some patients. | *Size of a nipple-areolar complex may be increased in some patients. | ||
*Breast tenderness | *Breast tenderness | ||
Revision as of 19:59, 14 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Patients with gynecomastia are usually asymptomatic. Common physical examination findings of gynecomastia include breast enlargement and tenderness.
Physical Examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients with gynecomastia are usually well-appearing and asymptomatic.
Vital Signs
- vitally stable.
Skin
- Gynecomastia has no significant skin finding.
HEENT
- No significant findings.
Neck
- No significant findings.
Chest
- Breast enlargement[1]
- Size of a nipple-areolar complex may be increased in some patients.
- Breast tenderness
- Glandular tissue is centrally located and usually bilateral.
- Gynecomastia can be differentiated from pseudo gynecomastia by placing the thumb and index finger on opposite sides of the breast and brought towards the nipple-areolar complex. Gynecomastia is diagnosed as firm, mobile mass located beneath the areola. Psedudogynecomastia doesn't have any discrete mass and thumb and index finger will not reach until they reach the nipple.[2]
Lungs
- No significant finding.
Heart
- No significant finding.
Abdomen
- No significant finding.
Back
- No significant finding.
Genitourinary
- No significant finding.
Neuromuscular
- No significant finding.
Extremities
- No significant finding.
References
- ↑ De Groot LJ, Chrousos G, Dungan K, Feingold KR, Grossman A, Hershman JM, Koch C, Korbonits M, McLachlan R, New M, Purnell J, Rebar R, Singer F, Vinik A, Swerdloff RS, Ng J. PMID 25905330. Vancouver style error: initials (help); Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ Braunstein GD (2007). "Clinical practice. Gynecomastia". N Engl J Med. 357 (12): 1229–37. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp070677. PMID 17881754.