Diabetic ketoacidosis classification: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 15:28, 22 August 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]

Overview

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may be classified according to severity into mild, moderate and severe DKA. The classification takes into account various parameters for example, arterial pH, anion gap, effective serum osmolarity, mental status, serum bicarbonate levels and serum ketone levels. Classification of DKA has important implications in the management of the disease.

Classification

Classification based on severity

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may be classified according to severity into the following types:^[1]^[2]

Mild DKA
Moderate DKA
Severe DKA

VARIABLE	DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
VARIABLE	MILD (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL [13.88 MMOL PER L])	MODERATE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)	SEVERE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)
style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" \|Anion gap	> 10 mEq per L (10 mmol per L)	> 12 mEq per L (12 mmol per L)	> 12 mEq per L (12 mmol per L)
style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" \|Arterial pH	7.24 to 7.30	7.00 to < 7.24	< 7.00
style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" \|Effective serum osmolality	Variable	Variable	Variable
style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" \|Mental status	Alert	Alert/drowsy	Stupor/coma
style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" \|Serum bicarbonate	15 to 18 mEq per L (15 to 18 mmol per L)	10 to < 15 mEq per L (10 to < 15 mmol per L)	< 10 mEq per L (10 mmol per L)
style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" \|Serum ketones	Positive	Positive	Positive

References

Template:WH Template:WS

[urlDiabetic_Ketoacidosis_-_Endotext_-_NCBI_Bookshelf-1] "Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf".

[urlDiabetic_Ketoacidosis_-_American_Family_Physician-2] "Diabetic Ketoacidosis - American Family Physician".

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 === Classification based on severity ===
-Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may be classified according to severity into the following types:<ref name="urlDiabetic Ketoacidosis - Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279146/ |title=Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
+Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) may be classified according to severity into the following types:<ref name="urlDiabetic Ketoacidosis - Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279146/ |title=Diabetic Ketoacidosis - Endotext - NCBI Bookshelf |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref><ref name="urlDiabetic Ketoacidosis - American Family Physician">{{cite web |url=http://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0501/p1705.html |title=Diabetic Ketoacidosis - American Family Physician |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 * Mild DKA
 * Moderate DKA
 * Severe DKA
 {| class="wikitable"
-! colspan="1" rowspan="2" |VARIABLE
+! colspan="1" rowspan="2" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |VARIABLE
-! colspan="3" rowspan="1" |DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
+! colspan="3" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS
 |-
-! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |MILD (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL [13.88 MMOL PER L])
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |MILD (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL [13.88 MMOL PER L])
-! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |MODERATE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |MODERATE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)
-! colspan="1" rowspan="1" |SEVERE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)
+! colspan="1" rowspan="1" align="center" style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" + |SEVERE (SERUM GLUCOSE > 250 MG PER DL)
 |-
-| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''[[Anion gap]]'''
+| colspan="1" rowspan="1" | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Anion gap]]'''
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |> 10 mEq per L (10 mmol per L)
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |> 12 mEq per L (12 mmol per L)
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |> 12 mEq per L (12 mmol per L)
 |-
-| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''[[Arterial]] [[pH]]'''
+| colspan="1" rowspan="1" | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Arterial]] [[pH]]'''
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |7.24 to 7.30
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |7.00 to < 7.24
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |< 7.00
 |-
-| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''[[Osmolarity|Effective serum osmolality]]'''
+| colspan="1" rowspan="1" | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Osmolarity|Effective serum osmolality]]'''
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Variable
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Variable
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Variable
 |-
-| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''[[Mental status]]'''
+| colspan="1" rowspan="1" | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Mental status]]'''
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Alert
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Alert/drowsy
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Stupor/coma
 |-
-| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''[[Serum]] [[bicarbonate]]'''
+| colspan="1" rowspan="1" | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Serum]] [[bicarbonate]]'''
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |15 to 18 mEq per L (15 to 18 mmol per L)
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |10 to < 15 mEq per L (10 to < 15 mmol per L)
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |< 10 mEq per L (10 mmol per L)
 |-
-| colspan="1" rowspan="1" |'''[[Serum]] [[ketones]]'''
+| colspan="1" rowspan="1" | style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |'''[[Serum]] [[ketones]]'''
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Positive
 | colspan="1" rowspan="1" |Positive