Hypopituitarism causes: Difference between revisions
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{{Hypopituitarism}} | {{Hypopituitarism}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AEL}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AEL}} | ||
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==Cause== | ==Cause== | ||
===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
Hypopituitarism and panhypopituitarism can be congenital or acquired. A partial list of causes and forms:<ref name="pmid17467517">{{cite journal| author=Schneider HJ, Aimaretti G, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Stalla GK, Ghigo E| title=Hypopituitarism. | journal=Lancet | year= 2007 | volume= 369 | issue= 9571 | pages= 1461-70 | pmid=17467517 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60673-4 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17467517 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16508719">{{cite journal| author=van Aken MO, Lamberts SW| title=Diagnosis and treatment of hypopituitarism: an update. | journal=Pituitary | year= 2005 | volume= 8 | issue= 3-4 | pages= 183-91 | pmid=16508719 | doi=10.1007/s11102-006-6039-z | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16508719 }} </ref><ref name="pmid28299199">{{cite journal| author=Stieg MR, Renner U, Stalla GK, Kopczak A| title=Advances in understanding hypopituitarism. | journal=F1000Res | year= 2017 | volume= 6 | issue= | pages= 178 | pmid=28299199 | doi=10.12688/f1000research.9436.1 | pmc=5325066 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28299199 }} </ref> | Hypopituitarism and panhypopituitarism can be congenital or acquired. A partial list of causes and forms:<ref name="pmid17467517">{{cite journal| author=Schneider HJ, Aimaretti G, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Stalla GK, Ghigo E| title=Hypopituitarism. | journal=Lancet | year= 2007 | volume= 369 | issue= 9571 | pages= 1461-70 | pmid=17467517 | doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60673-4 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17467517 }} </ref><ref name="pmid16508719">{{cite journal| author=van Aken MO, Lamberts SW| title=Diagnosis and treatment of hypopituitarism: an update. | journal=Pituitary | year= 2005 | volume= 8 | issue= 3-4 | pages= 183-91 | pmid=16508719 | doi=10.1007/s11102-006-6039-z | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16508719 }} </ref><ref name="pmid28299199">{{cite journal| author=Stieg MR, Renner U, Stalla GK, Kopczak A| title=Advances in understanding hypopituitarism. | journal=F1000Res | year= 2017 | volume= 6 | issue= | pages= 178 | pmid=28299199 | doi=10.12688/f1000research.9436.1 | pmc=5325066 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=28299199 }} </ref> | ||
* Congenital hypopituitarism | * Congenital hypopituitarism | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
! rowspan="5" |Hypothalmic | ! rowspan="5" |Hypothalmic | ||
!Mass | !Mass lesions | ||
* Benign (craniopharyngiomas) | |||
* Malignant tumors (metastatic from lung, breast, etc) | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Radiation : CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies | |Radiation : CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies | ||
| Line 111: | Line 84: | ||
|Infections: Tuberculous meningitis | |Infections: Tuberculous meningitis | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Infiltrative lesions: Sarcoidosis | |Infiltrative lesions: | ||
* Sarcoidosis | |||
* Langerhans cell histiocytosis | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Other : Traumatic brain injury | |Other : | ||
* Traumatic brain injury | |||
* Stroke | |||
|- | |- | ||
| rowspan="9" |Pituitary | | rowspan="9" |Pituitary | ||
|Mass lesions: Pituitary adenomas | |Mass lesions: | ||
* Pituitary adenomas | |||
* Other benign tumors | |||
* Cysts | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Pituitary radiation | |Pituitary radiation | ||
| Line 124: | Line 104: | ||
|Infection/abscess | |Infection/abscess | ||
|- | |- | ||
|Infiltrative lesions: Hypophysitis | |Infiltrative lesions: | ||
# Hypophysitis | |||
* - Lymphocytic hypophysitis | |||
* - Granulomatous hypophysitis | |||
* - Plasmacytic (IgG4-associated) hypophysitis | |||
2. Hemochromatosis | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Infarction: Sheehan syndrome | |Infarction: Sheehan syndrome | ||
Revision as of 03:24, 28 August 2017
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Hypopituitarism Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hypopituitarism causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypopituitarism causes |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypopituitarism causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Cause
Common Causes
Hypopituitarism and panhypopituitarism can be congenital or acquired. A partial list of causes and forms:[1][2][3]
- Congenital hypopituitarism
- Hypoplasia of the pituitary
- Isolated idiopathic congenital hypopituitarism
- Associated with other congenital syndromes and birth defects
- Septo-optic dysplasia
- Holoprosencephaly
- Chromosome 22 deletion syndrome
- Rapaport syndrome
- Single gene defect forms of anterior pituitary hormone deficiency
- Hypoplasia of the pituitary
- Acquired hypopituitarism (Simmonds' disease)
- Trauma (e.g., skull base fracture)
- Surgery (e.g., removal of pituitary neoplasm)
- Tumor - secretory and non-secretory (20%) pituitary or hypothalamic neoplasms, cause hypopituitarism by compressing the remaining tissue
- Inflammation (e.g. sarcoidosis or autoimmune hypophysitis)
- Radiation (e.g., after cranial irradiation for childhood leukemia)
- Shock
- (Sheehan's syndrome is hypopituitarism after heavy bleeding in childbirth)
- Hemochromatosis
- other diseases.
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Anorexia Nervosa
- Bulimia Nervosa
- Changes in body weight
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Emotional disorders
- Empty Sella Syndrome
- Habitual exercise
- Head Trauma
- Hemochromatosis
- Infection
- Fungal
- Malaria
- Meningitis
- Syphillis
- Tuberculosis
- Ischemic nerosis of the pituitary
- Anticoagulant therapy
- Arteriosclerosis
- Arteritis temporalis
- Blood dyscrasias
- Brain Trauma
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Eclampsia
- Increased cranial pressure
- Sheehan's Syndrome
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Tumor
- Iatrogenic
- Parasellar tumor/pituitary compression
- Craniopharyngioma
- Chromophobe adenoma
- Intracranial cartoid branch aneurysm
- Lymphoma
- Meningioma
- Metasteses
- Optic nerve neuroma
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Hypopituitarism Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Hypopituitarism causes On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypopituitarism causes |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hypopituitarism causes |
| Hypothalmic | Mass lesions
|
|---|---|
| Radiation : CNS and nasopharyngeal malignancies | |
| Infections: Tuberculous meningitis | |
Infiltrative lesions:
| |
Other :
| |
| Pituitary | Mass lesions:
|
| Pituitary radiation | |
| Pituitary surgery | |
| Infection/abscess | |
Infiltrative lesions:
2. Hemochromatosis | |
| Infarction: Sheehan syndrome | |
| Apoplexy | |
| Empty sella | |
| Genetic mutations |
References
- ↑ Schneider HJ, Aimaretti G, Kreitschmann-Andermahr I, Stalla GK, Ghigo E (2007). "Hypopituitarism". Lancet. 369 (9571): 1461–70. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(07)60673-4. PMID 17467517.
- ↑ van Aken MO, Lamberts SW (2005). "Diagnosis and treatment of hypopituitarism: an update". Pituitary. 8 (3–4): 183–91. doi:10.1007/s11102-006-6039-z. PMID 16508719.
- ↑ Stieg MR, Renner U, Stalla GK, Kopczak A (2017). "Advances in understanding hypopituitarism". F1000Res. 6: 178. doi:10.12688/f1000research.9436.1. PMC 5325066. PMID 28299199.