Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state causes: Difference between revisions
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** [[Pneumonia]]<ref name="pmid1906798">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bouter KP, Diepersloot RJ, van Romunde LK, Uitslager R, Masurel N, Hoekstra JB, Erkelens DW |title=Effect of epidemic influenza on ketoacidosis, pneumonia and death in diabetes mellitus: a hospital register survey of 1976-1979 in The Netherlands |journal=Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=61–8 |year=1991 |pmid=1906798 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ** [[Pneumonia]]<ref name="pmid1906798">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bouter KP, Diepersloot RJ, van Romunde LK, Uitslager R, Masurel N, Hoekstra JB, Erkelens DW |title=Effect of epidemic influenza on ketoacidosis, pneumonia and death in diabetes mellitus: a hospital register survey of 1976-1979 in The Netherlands |journal=Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. |volume=12 |issue=1 |pages=61–8 |year=1991 |pmid=1906798 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
** [[Sepsis]]<ref name="pmid24827487">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nakamura K, Inokuchi R, Doi K, Fukuda T, Tokunaga K, Nakajima S, Noiri E, Yahagi N |title=Septic ketoacidosis |journal=Intern. Med. |volume=53 |issue=10 |pages=1071–3 |year=2014 |pmid=24827487 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20610941">{{cite journal |vauthors=Osuchowski MF, Craciun FL, Schuller E, Sima C, Gyurko R, Remick DG |title=Untreated type 1 diabetes increases sepsis-induced mortality without inducing a prelethal cytokine response |journal=Shock |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=369–76 |year=2010 |pmid=20610941 |pmc=2941557 |doi=10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181dc40a8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22701840">{{cite journal |vauthors=Casqueiro J, Casqueiro J, Alves C |title=Infections in patients with diabetes mellitus: A review of pathogenesis |journal=Indian J Endocrinol Metab |volume=16 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S27–36 |year=2012 |pmid=22701840 |pmc=3354930 |doi=10.4103/2230-8210.94253 |url=}}</ref> | ** [[Sepsis]]<ref name="pmid24827487">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nakamura K, Inokuchi R, Doi K, Fukuda T, Tokunaga K, Nakajima S, Noiri E, Yahagi N |title=Septic ketoacidosis |journal=Intern. Med. |volume=53 |issue=10 |pages=1071–3 |year=2014 |pmid=24827487 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid20610941">{{cite journal |vauthors=Osuchowski MF, Craciun FL, Schuller E, Sima C, Gyurko R, Remick DG |title=Untreated type 1 diabetes increases sepsis-induced mortality without inducing a prelethal cytokine response |journal=Shock |volume=34 |issue=4 |pages=369–76 |year=2010 |pmid=20610941 |pmc=2941557 |doi=10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181dc40a8 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22701840">{{cite journal |vauthors=Casqueiro J, Casqueiro J, Alves C |title=Infections in patients with diabetes mellitus: A review of pathogenesis |journal=Indian J Endocrinol Metab |volume=16 Suppl 1 |issue= |pages=S27–36 |year=2012 |pmid=22701840 |pmc=3354930 |doi=10.4103/2230-8210.94253 |url=}}</ref> | ||
** [[ | ** [[Genitourinary tract infections]]<ref name="pmid19152925">{{cite journal |vauthors=Czaja CA, Rutledge BN, Cleary PA, Chan K, Stapleton AE, Stamm WE |title=Urinary tract infections in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus: survey of female participants in the epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study cohort |journal=J. Urol. |volume=181 |issue=3 |pages=1129–34; discussion 1134–5 |year=2009 |pmid=19152925 |pmc=2699609 |doi=10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.021 |url=}}</ref> | ||
** [[Myocardial infarction]]<ref name="pmid15887449">{{cite journal |vauthors=Trachtenbarg DE |title=Diabetic ketoacidosis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=71 |issue=9 |pages=1705–14 |year=2005 |pmid=15887449 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ** [[Myocardial infarction]]<ref name="pmid15887449">{{cite journal |vauthors=Trachtenbarg DE |title=Diabetic ketoacidosis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=71 |issue=9 |pages=1705–14 |year=2005 |pmid=15887449 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
** [[Pancreatitis]]<ref name="pmid11051350">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nair S, Yadav D, Pitchumoni CS |title=Association of diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis: observations in 100 consecutive episodes of DKA |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=95 |issue=10 |pages=2795–800 |year=2000 |pmid=11051350 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03188.x |url=}}</ref> | ** [[Pancreatitis]]<ref name="pmid11051350">{{cite journal |vauthors=Nair S, Yadav D, Pitchumoni CS |title=Association of diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis: observations in 100 consecutive episodes of DKA |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=95 |issue=10 |pages=2795–800 |year=2000 |pmid=11051350 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03188.x |url=}}</ref> | ||
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** [[Trauma]]<ref name="pmid17585123">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dhatariya KK |title=Diabetic ketoacidosis |journal=BMJ |volume=334 |issue=7607 |pages=1284–5 |year=2007 |pmid=17585123 |pmc=1895683 |doi=10.1136/bmj.39237.661111.80 |url=}}</ref> | ** [[Trauma]]<ref name="pmid17585123">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dhatariya KK |title=Diabetic ketoacidosis |journal=BMJ |volume=334 |issue=7607 |pages=1284–5 |year=2007 |pmid=17585123 |pmc=1895683 |doi=10.1136/bmj.39237.661111.80 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Un diagnosed [[diabetes mellitus]]<ref name="pmid22125712">{{cite journal |vauthors=Razavi Z |title=Frequency of ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children |journal=Oman Med J |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=114–7 |year=2010 |pmid=22125712 |pmc=3215499 |doi=10.5001/omj.2010.31 |url=}}</ref> | * Un diagnosed [[diabetes mellitus]]<ref name="pmid22125712">{{cite journal |vauthors=Razavi Z |title=Frequency of ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children |journal=Oman Med J |volume=25 |issue=2 |pages=114–7 |year=2010 |pmid=22125712 |pmc=3215499 |doi=10.5001/omj.2010.31 |url=}}</ref> | ||
===Less Common Causes=== | ===Less Common Causes=== | ||
Revision as of 16:23, 31 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
OR
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
OR
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
OR
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click here.
Causes
Life-threatening Causes
- Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
- [Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].
Common Causes
Common causes of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) include:
Common Causes
- Lack of insulin[1]
- Nonadherence to insulin treatment plans:[2][3]
- Body image issues
- Financial problems
- Psychological factors
- Drugs:[4][5]
- Infections:
- Un diagnosed diabetes mellitus[21]
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) include:
Genetic Causes
- [Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Casqueiro J, Casqueiro J, Alves C (2012). "Infections in patients with diabetes mellitus: A review of pathogenesis". Indian J Endocrinol Metab. 16 Suppl 1: S27–36. doi:10.4103/2230-8210.94253. PMC 3354930. PMID 22701840.
- ↑ Borus JS, Laffel L (2010). "Adherence challenges in the management of type 1 diabetes in adolescents: prevention and intervention". Curr. Opin. Pediatr. 22 (4): 405–11. doi:10.1097/MOP.0b013e32833a46a7. PMC 3159529. PMID 20489639.
- ↑ Gosmanov AR, Gosmanova EO, Dillard-Cannon E (2014). "Management of adult diabetic ketoacidosis". Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 7: 255–64. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S50516. PMC 4085289. PMID 25061324.
- ↑ Ramaswamy K, Kozma CM, Nasrallah H (2007). "Risk of diabetic ketoacidosis after exposure to risperidone or olanzapine". Drug Saf. 30 (7): 589–99. PMID 17604410.
- ↑ Guenette MD, Hahn M, Cohn TA, Teo C, Remington GJ (2013). "Atypical antipsychotics and diabetic ketoacidosis: a review". Psychopharmacology (Berl.). 226 (1): 1–12. doi:10.1007/s00213-013-2982-3. PMID 23344556.
- ↑ Alavi IA, Sharma BK, Pillay VK (1971). "Steroid-induced diabetic ketoacidosis". Am. J. Med. Sci. 262 (1): 15–23. PMID 4327634.
- ↑ Alberti KG (1975). "Role of glucagon and other hormones in development of diabetic ketoacidosis". Lancet. 1 (7920): 1307–11. PMID 49515.
- ↑ Nakamura K, Kawasaki E, Imagawa A, Awata T, Ikegami H, Uchigata Y, Kobayashi T, Shimada A, Nakanishi K, Makino H, Maruyama T, Hanafusa T (2011). "Type 1 diabetes and interferon therapy: a nationwide survey in Japan". Diabetes Care. 34 (9): 2084–9. doi:10.2337/dc10-2274. PMC 3161293. PMID 21775762.
- ↑ Lu CP, Wu HP, Chuang LM, Lin BJ, Chuang CY, Tai TY (1995). "Pentamidine-induced hyperglycemia and ketosis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome". Pancreas. 11 (3): 315–6. PMID 8577688.
- ↑ Lambertus MW, Murthy AR, Nagami P, Goetz MB (1988). "Diabetic ketoacidosis following pentamidine therapy in a patient with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome". West. J. Med. 149 (5): 602–4. PMC 1026553. PMID 3150636.
- ↑ Borberg C, Gillmer MD, Beard RW, Oakley NW (1978). "Metabolic effects of beta-sympathomimetic drugs and dexamethasone in normal and diabetic pregnancy". Br J Obstet Gynaecol. 85 (3): 184–9. PMID 24459.
- ↑ Rodgers BD, Rodgers DE (1991). "Clinical variables associated with diabetic ketoacidosis during pregnancy". J Reprod Med. 36 (11): 797–800. PMID 1684993.
- ↑ Bouter KP, Diepersloot RJ, van Romunde LK, Uitslager R, Masurel N, Hoekstra JB, Erkelens DW (1991). "Effect of epidemic influenza on ketoacidosis, pneumonia and death in diabetes mellitus: a hospital register survey of 1976-1979 in The Netherlands". Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. 12 (1): 61–8. PMID 1906798.
- ↑ Nakamura K, Inokuchi R, Doi K, Fukuda T, Tokunaga K, Nakajima S, Noiri E, Yahagi N (2014). "Septic ketoacidosis". Intern. Med. 53 (10): 1071–3. PMID 24827487.
- ↑ Osuchowski MF, Craciun FL, Schuller E, Sima C, Gyurko R, Remick DG (2010). "Untreated type 1 diabetes increases sepsis-induced mortality without inducing a prelethal cytokine response". Shock. 34 (4): 369–76. doi:10.1097/SHK.0b013e3181dc40a8. PMC 2941557. PMID 20610941.
- ↑ Czaja CA, Rutledge BN, Cleary PA, Chan K, Stapleton AE, Stamm WE (2009). "Urinary tract infections in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus: survey of female participants in the epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications study cohort". J. Urol. 181 (3): 1129–34, discussion 1134–5. doi:10.1016/j.juro.2008.11.021. PMC 2699609. PMID 19152925.
- ↑ Trachtenbarg DE (2005). "Diabetic ketoacidosis". Am Fam Physician. 71 (9): 1705–14. PMID 15887449.
- ↑ Nair S, Yadav D, Pitchumoni CS (2000). "Association of diabetic ketoacidosis and acute pancreatitis: observations in 100 consecutive episodes of DKA". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 95 (10): 2795–800. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03188.x. PMID 11051350.
- ↑ Umpierrez GE, Kitabchi AE (2003). "Diabetic ketoacidosis: risk factors and management strategies". Treat Endocrinol. 2 (2): 95–108. PMID 15871546.
- ↑ Dhatariya KK (2007). "Diabetic ketoacidosis". BMJ. 334 (7607): 1284–5. doi:10.1136/bmj.39237.661111.80. PMC 1895683. PMID 17585123.
- ↑ Razavi Z (2010). "Frequency of ketoacidosis in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic children". Oman Med J. 25 (2): 114–7. doi:10.5001/omj.2010.31. PMC 3215499. PMID 22125712.