Hypopituitarism MRI: Difference between revisions
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*A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may show a three-dimensional image of [[pituitary gland]], [[hypothalamus]], and the organs near them. | *A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may show a three-dimensional image of [[pituitary gland]], [[hypothalamus]], and the organs near them. | ||
*MRI is used to detect the underlying cause of hypopituitarism like the pituitary adenoma that can be seen as a mass with hormonal hypersecretion. | *MRI is used to detect the underlying cause of hypopituitarism like the pituitary adenoma that can be seen as a mass with hormonal hypersecretion. | ||
*There is a positive correlation between MRI findings and the number of pituitary hormonal deficiencies. | *There is a positive correlation between MRI findings and the number of pituitary hormonal deficiencies.<ref name="pmid20197674">{{cite journal |vauthors=Li G, Shao P, Sun X, Wang Q, Zhang L |title=Magnetic resonance imaging and pituitary function in children with panhypopituitarism |journal=Horm Res Paediatr |volume=73 |issue=3 |pages=205–9 |year=2010 |pmid=20197674 |doi=10.1159/000284363 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid21646285">{{cite journal |vauthors=Child CJ, Zimmermann AG, Woodmansee WW, Green DM, Li JJ, Jung H, Erfurth EM, Robison LL |title=Assessment of primary cancers in GH-treated adult hypopituitary patients: an analysis from the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study |journal=Eur. J. Endocrinol. |volume=165 |issue=2 |pages=217–23 |year=2011 |pmid=21646285 |pmc=3132593 |doi=10.1530/EJE-11-0286 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*An MRI lesion needs to be related to clinical and lab findings. | *An MRI lesion needs to be related to clinical and lab findings. The absence of an MRI lesion mostly indicates a non-organic etiology. | ||
*MRI scan shows the following findings in cases of hypopituitarism:<ref name="Pozzi MucelliFrezza1992">{{cite journal|last1=Pozzi Mucelli|first1=R. S.|last2=Frezza|first2=F.|last3=Magnaldi|first3=S.|last4=Proto|first4=G.|title=Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with panhypopituitarism|journal=European Radiology|volume=2|issue=1|year=1992|pages=42–46|issn=0938-7994|doi=10.1007/BF00714180}}</ref> | *MRI scan shows the following findings in cases of hypopituitarism:<ref name="Pozzi MucelliFrezza1992">{{cite journal|last1=Pozzi Mucelli|first1=R. S.|last2=Frezza|first2=F.|last3=Magnaldi|first3=S.|last4=Proto|first4=G.|title=Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with panhypopituitarism|journal=European Radiology|volume=2|issue=1|year=1992|pages=42–46|issn=0938-7994|doi=10.1007/BF00714180}}</ref> | ||
**Decreased size of the pituitary gland. | **Decreased size of the pituitary gland. | ||
**Empty sella may be noticed in some cases. | **Empty sella may be noticed in some cases. | ||
**Pituitary stalk may be visible, thin, or totally | **Pituitary stalk may be visible, thin, or totally absent. | ||
**Posterior lobe of the pituitary may be | **Posterior lobe of the pituitary may be absent. | ||
**Mass may appear in the pituitary. | **Mass may appear in the pituitary. | ||
**Ectopic posterior lobe of the pituitary gland may be observed in cases of pituitary dwarfism. | **Ectopic posterior lobe of the pituitary gland may be observed in cases of pituitary dwarfism. | ||
Revision as of 14:22, 11 September 2017
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Hypopituitarism Microchapters |
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Hypopituitarism MRI On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hypopituitarism MRI |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
MRI is the imaging procedure of choice in the diagnosis of hypopituitarism. It is preferred over the CT scan as optic chiasm, pituitary stalk, and cavernous sinuses can be seen in MRI. An MRI lesion needs to be related to clinical and lab findings. The absence of an MRI lesion mostly indicates a non-organic etiology.
MRI
- MRI is the imaging procedure of choice in diagnosis of hypopituitarism. It is preferred over the CT scan as optic chiasm, pituitary stalk, and cavernous sinuses can be seen in MRI.[1]
- A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may show a three-dimensional image of pituitary gland, hypothalamus, and the organs near them.
- MRI is used to detect the underlying cause of hypopituitarism like the pituitary adenoma that can be seen as a mass with hormonal hypersecretion.
- There is a positive correlation between MRI findings and the number of pituitary hormonal deficiencies.[2][3]
- An MRI lesion needs to be related to clinical and lab findings. The absence of an MRI lesion mostly indicates a non-organic etiology.
- MRI scan shows the following findings in cases of hypopituitarism:[4]
- Decreased size of the pituitary gland.
- Empty sella may be noticed in some cases.
- Pituitary stalk may be visible, thin, or totally absent.
- Posterior lobe of the pituitary may be absent.
- Mass may appear in the pituitary.
- Ectopic posterior lobe of the pituitary gland may be observed in cases of pituitary dwarfism.
Ectopic posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
MRI scan in cases of ectopic posterior lobe shows the following:[5]
- Abscence of the posterior pituitary bright spot
- High T1 signal 3-8-mm tissue nodule at the median eminence (floor of third ventricle)
References
- ↑ Vance, Mary Lee (1994). "Hypopituitarism". New England Journal of Medicine. 330 (23): 1651–1662. doi:10.1056/NEJM199406093302306. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Li G, Shao P, Sun X, Wang Q, Zhang L (2010). "Magnetic resonance imaging and pituitary function in children with panhypopituitarism". Horm Res Paediatr. 73 (3): 205–9. doi:10.1159/000284363. PMID 20197674.
- ↑ Child CJ, Zimmermann AG, Woodmansee WW, Green DM, Li JJ, Jung H, Erfurth EM, Robison LL (2011). "Assessment of primary cancers in GH-treated adult hypopituitary patients: an analysis from the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study". Eur. J. Endocrinol. 165 (2): 217–23. doi:10.1530/EJE-11-0286. PMC 3132593. PMID 21646285.
- ↑ Pozzi Mucelli, R. S.; Frezza, F.; Magnaldi, S.; Proto, G. (1992). "Magnetic resonance imaging in patients with panhypopituitarism". European Radiology. 2 (1): 42–46. doi:10.1007/BF00714180. ISSN 0938-7994.
- ↑ Mitchell LA, Thomas PQ, Zacharin MR, Scheffer IE (2002). "Ectopic posterior pituitary lobe and periventricular heterotopia: cerebral malformations with the same underlying mechanism?". AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 23 (9): 1475–81. PMID 12372734.