HIV coinfection with tuberculosis epidemiology and demographics

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Epidemiology and Demographics

• Approximately 1.1 million persons were living with HIV infection at the end of 2006. As many as 21% of infected persons are unaware of their infection.
• It is estimated that about 4.2% of Americans with or without HIV infection are infected with the TB bacteria. In 2009 there were approximately 13 million Americans with latent TB infection (LTBI).
• In 2009, among persons with TB who had a documented HIV test result, more than 10% (690 of 6,743) were co-infected with HIV.
• In 2006, the HIV status of 1 in 5 patients with TB was not known, even though CDC recommends that all persons with TB be tested for HIV.
• In 2006, nearly 20% of patients with TB and HIV died. Persons with HIV and TB accounted for 32% of those who died during TB treatment and 51% of those who received a TB diagnosis after death.
• In 2005, of the TB patients reported to be co-infected with HIV, 63% were non-Hispanic blacks.