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[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 
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Latest revision as of 18:09, 18 September 2017

Legionellosis Microchapters

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Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Legionellosis from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.; Serge Korjian M.D.

Overview

The majority of cases of legionellosis are reported between the Summer and early Fall (between June and October). Approximately 8,000-18,000 individuals are hospitalized annually in the USA for Legionnaires' disease with a case fatality rate ranging between 10% to 35%. The median case-patient age is 61 years, and the male to female ratio is 1.8 to 1.

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • In USA, the incidence of legionellosis ranges between 1-3 cases per 100,000 individuals.
  • Approximately 8,000-18,000 individuals are hospitalized annually in the USA for legionellosis.
  • The incidence of legionellosis is believed to be increasing over the last 10-15 years.

Case Fatality Rate

  • The case fatality rate of legionellosis ranges between 10% to 35%.
  • Hospital-acquired legionellosis is associated with a higher case fatality rate compared with community-acquired legionellosis.

Age

  • The median case-patient age is 61 years.
  • Patients of all ages may acquire legionellosis, but elderly patients older than 65 years of age are at higher risk.

Gender

  • Males are slightly more likely to develop legionellosis.
  • The male to female ratio is 1.8 to 1.

Race

  • There is no racial predilection to the development of legionellosis.

Seasonal Variation

  • The majority of cases of legionellosis are reported between the Summer and early Fall (between June and October).

Infection in the U.S.

  • Although approximately 8,000 - 18,000 individuals are hospitalized with legionellosis in the U.S. each year, the disease is thought to be significantly under-reported with estimated of 2%-10% of cases being reported.
  • In USA, legionellosis is a reportable condition in most states

References


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