Protein energy malnutrition classification: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{Protein energy malnutrition}} | {{Protein energy malnutrition}} | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{DAMI}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{DAMI}}, {{HK}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| Line 28: | Line 28: | ||
The three different [[classification]] schemes of protein-energy malnutrition are described below:<ref name="pmid3088855">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bhattacharyya AK |title=Protein-energy malnutrition (Kwashiorkor-Marasmus syndrome): terminology, classification and evolution |journal=World Rev Nutr Diet |volume=47 |issue= |pages=80–133 |year=1986 |pmid=3088855 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid824854">{{cite journal |vauthors=Waterlow JC |title=Classification and definition of protein-energy malnutrition |journal=Monogr Ser World Health Organ |volume= |issue=62 |pages=530–55 |year=1976 |pmid=824854 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | The three different [[classification]] schemes of protein-energy malnutrition are described below:<ref name="pmid3088855">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bhattacharyya AK |title=Protein-energy malnutrition (Kwashiorkor-Marasmus syndrome): terminology, classification and evolution |journal=World Rev Nutr Diet |volume=47 |issue= |pages=80–133 |year=1986 |pmid=3088855 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid824854">{{cite journal |vauthors=Waterlow JC |title=Classification and definition of protein-energy malnutrition |journal=Monogr Ser World Health Organ |volume= |issue=62 |pages=530–55 |year=1976 |pmid=824854 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
'''Gomez classification''' | === '''(i) Gomez classification''' === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Grade of PEM | !Grade of PEM | ||
!Weigh for age (%) | !Weigh for age (%) | ||
!General considerations and formula | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Normal | |Normal | ||
|90-100 | |90-100 | ||
| rowspan="4" | | |||
* Normal reference child is the 50th centile of the Boston standard | |||
* Weight for age (%) = (Weight of the child / Weight of the normal child of same age ) X100 | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Mild [[malnutrition]], Grade I | |Mild [[malnutrition]], Grade I | ||
| Line 46: | Line 50: | ||
|} | |} | ||
''' | === '''(ii) Waterlow's classification''' === | ||
'''General scheme''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Feature | |||
!Basic definition | |||
|- | |||
|Stunting | |||
|Drop in height for age (< 90%) | |||
|- | |||
|Wasting | |||
|Drop in weight for height (<80%) | |||
|- | |||
|Under weight | |||
|Drop in Weight for Age (<80%) | |||
|} | |||
'''Grading''' | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Grade of PEM | !Grade of PEM | ||
| Line 71: | Line 90: | ||
|} | |} | ||
'''Welcome's classification''' | === '''(iii) Welcome's classification''' === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Weight for age | !Weight for age | ||
!With edema | !With edema | ||
!Without edema | !Without edema | ||
!General considerations | |||
|- | |- | ||
|60-80% | |60-80% | ||
|[[Kwashiorkor]] | |[[Kwashiorkor]] | ||
|Undernutrition | |Undernutrition | ||
| rowspan="2" | | |||
* Weight for age +/- oedema | |||
* Reference standard (50th percentile) | |||
|- | |- | ||
|<60% | |<60% | ||
Revision as of 18:03, 18 September 2017
|
Protein energy malnutrition Microchapters |
|
Patient Information |
|---|
|
Differentiating Protein energy malnutrition from other Diseases |
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Protein energy malnutrition classification On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Protein energy malnutrition classification |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Protein energy malnutrition classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omodamola Aje B.Sc, M.D. [2], Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [3]
Overview
Protein energy malnutrition may be classified according to the 'Gomez classification' based on weight for age, or the 'Water low classification' based on stunting and wasting, or the 'Welcome classification' based on the presence or absence of edema.
Classification
Definitions of general terms that are used in the classification of protein-energy malnutrition include the following:
| Terminology | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Undrweight | Underweight for one’s age (Weight for age ) |
| Stunted | Too short for one’s age (Height for age ) |
| Wasted | Dangerously thin (Weight for height ) |
| Micronutrient malnutrition | Deficient in vitamins and minerals (Hidden Hunger ) |
The three different classification schemes of protein-energy malnutrition are described below:[1][2]
(i) Gomez classification
| Grade of PEM | Weigh for age (%) | General considerations and formula |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | 90-100 |
|
| Mild malnutrition, Grade I | 75-89 | |
| Moderate malnutrition, Grade II | 60-74 | |
| Severe malnutrition, Grade III | Less than 60 |
(ii) Waterlow's classification
General scheme
| Feature | Basic definition |
|---|---|
| Stunting | Drop in height for age (< 90%) |
| Wasting | Drop in weight for height (<80%) |
| Under weight | Drop in Weight for Age (<80%) |
Grading
| Grade of PEM | Stunting
(low height for age) |
Wasting
(low weight for height) |
|---|---|---|
| Normal | 95 | 90 |
| Mild malnutrition | 87.5-95 | 80-90 |
| Moderate malnutrition | 80-87.5 | 70-80 |
| Severe malnutrition | Less than 80 | Less than 70 |
(iii) Welcome's classification
| Weight for age | With edema | Without edema | General considerations |
|---|---|---|---|
| 60-80% | Kwashiorkor | Undernutrition |
|
| <60% | Marasmic kwashiorkor | Marasmus |
References
- ↑ Bhattacharyya AK (1986). "Protein-energy malnutrition (Kwashiorkor-Marasmus syndrome): terminology, classification and evolution". World Rev Nutr Diet. 47: 80–133. PMID 3088855.
- ↑ Waterlow JC (1976). "Classification and definition of protein-energy malnutrition". Monogr Ser World Health Organ (62): 530–55. PMID 824854.