Tularemia classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ilan Dock, B.S.

Overview

Tularemia may be classified according the original mode of transmission. The mode of transmission will ultimately dictate the resulting clinical manifestations associated with tularemia infections. There are five common forms of tularemia, they include ulceroglandular, glandular, oculoglandular, oropharyngeal, and pneumonic.

Classification

Tularemia clinically manifests in five common forms:

• Ulceroglandular
• Glandular
• Oculoglandular
• Oropharyngeal
• Pneumonic

The table below represents Tularemia clinical manifestations according to their distinct modes of transmission.

Clinical Manifestation	Mode of Transmission
Ulceroglandular	Transmitted by the bite of an infected tick or deer fly
Glandular	Transmitted by the bite of an infected tick or deer fly, however skin ulcer does not form.
Oculoglandular	Transmitted through eye contact with infected animal meat. Either through rubbing of the eyes during the butchering process or fluid exposure.
Pneumonic	Most dangerous form of tularemia, commonly transmitted through inhalation of material infected with the organism. May also occur if a tularemia infection is left untreated and spreads through the blood streams to the lungs.