Hypogonadism causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Hypogonadism is commonly caused by congenital, acquired genetic and endocrinological conditions. Life threatening causes may include malignancies and must take in to consideration during patient approach.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. The following diseases are life threatening causes of hypogonadism:

• Astrocytoma
• Chronic renal failure
• Papillary renal cell carcinoma 
• Postinfectious lesions of the central nervous system (CNS)
• Ureter cancer 
• Urinary system cancer 
• Wilms tumor
• Infective endocarditis

Common Causes

• Anorchidism
• Chemotherapy
• Cryptorchidism
• FSH beta subunit mutation (follicle stimulating hormone)
• FSH receptor mutation
• Klinefelter Syndrome
• LH (luteinizing hormone) beta subunit mutation
• LH receptor mutation
• LH resistance
• Radiation therapy
• Sertoli-cell-only syndrome
• Testicular biosynthetic defects
• Autoimmune oophoritis
• Chemotherapy
• Familial and sporadic XX gonadal dysgenesis and its variants
• Familial and sporadic XY gonadal dysgenesis and its variants
• FSH beta subunit mutation (follicle stimulating hormone)
• FSH receptor mutation
• Galactosemia
• Glycoprotein syndrome type 1
• LH (luteinizing hormone) beta subunit mutation
• LH/human chorionic gonadotropin resistance
• LH receptor mutation
• Noonan Syndrome
• Premature menopause
• Polycystic ovarian disease
• Radiation therapy
• Resistant ovary
• Turner Syndrome
• Astrocytoma
• Bardet-Biedl Syndrome
• Congenital adrenal hypoplasia
• Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
• Craniofacial anomalies
• Craniopharyngioma
• Exercise-induced amenorrhea
• Functional gonadotropin deficiency
• Gaucher Disease
• Germinoma
• Head trauma
• Hyperprolactinemia
• Hypothalamic glioma
• Isolated FSH deficiency
• Isolated LH deficiency
• Kallmann Syndrome
• Langerhans histiocytosis
• Laurence-Moon Syndrome
• Marijuana use
• Optic glioma
• Other germ cell tumors
• Pituitary tumor
• Postinfectious lesions of the central nervous system (CNS)
• Prader-Willi Syndrome
• Radiation therapy
• Vascular abnormalities of the CNS

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Alström syndrome, Amyloidosis, Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, Vascular abnormalities of the cns
Chemical/Poisoning	Alcohol, Alkylating agents, Cytotoxic therapeutic agents, Environmental toxins, Ethanol, Toxins
Dental	Jaffe-campanacci syndrome, Lepromatous leprosy
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Antiandrogens, Ketoconazole, Marijuana use, Opioids
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Adiposogenital dystrophy, Adrenal hypoplasia, Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2, Combined pituitary hormone deficiency , Disorders of androgen synthesis, Functional gonadotropin deficiency, Glucocorticoids, Glycoprotein syndrome type 1, Gonadal dysgenesis , Growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma, Hyperprolactinemia, Hypogonadic hypogonadism, Hypopituitarism, Hypothalamic glioma, Panhypopituitarism, Pituitary tumor, Poems syndrome, Polycystic ovarian disease, Proprotein convertase 1/3 deficiency, Pseudohypoparathyroidism type 1a, Swyer's syndrome, Testicular biosynthetic defects
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Hepatic cirrhosis
Genetic	17α-hydroxylase deficiency, 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase iii deficiency, 20-lyase deficiency, 48, xxxy aneuploidy, 48, xxyy aneuploidy, 4h syndrome, Acrocephalopolysyndactyly type 2, Alström syndrome, Aromatase deficiency, Autoimmune oophoritis, Bardet-biedl syndrome, Belgian type mental retardation, Blepharophimosis syndrome, Borjeson-forssman-lehmann syndrome, Boucher-neuhäuser syndrome, Cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, Ccfdn syndrome, Charge syndrome, Congenital adrenal hypoplasia, Craniofacial anomalies, Craniopharyngioma, Cryptorchidism, Didmoad syndrome, Dystrophia myotonica type 2, Fsh receptor deficiency, Fsh beta subunit mutation (follicle stimulating hormone), Fsh receptor mutation, Galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase deficiency, Galactosemia, Gaucher disease, Gordon holmes syndrome, Hartsfield syndrome, Image syndrome, Isolated fsh deficiency, Isolated lh deficiency, Jaffe-campanacci syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Laurence-moon syndrome, Leptin deficiency, Lh (luteinizing hormone) beta subunit mutation, Lh receptor mutation, Lh resistance, Lipoid congenital adrenal hyperplasia, Malouf syndrome, Marinesco-sjogren-garland syndrome, Martsolf syndrome, Mobius syndrome, Mosaicism, Myotonic dystrophy, Noonan syndrome, Prader-willi syndrome, Proprotein convertase 1/3 deficiency, Resistant ovary, Rud syndrome, Sertoli-cell-only syndrome, Turner syndrome, Woodhouse-sakati syndrome, X-linked mental retardation-hypotonic facies syndrome, Xx gonadal dysgenesis
Hematologic	Glycoprotein syndrome type 1, Hemochromatosis, Langerhans histiocytosis, Leukoencephalopathy , Zinc deficiency
Iatrogenic	Chemotherapy, Opioids, Orchitis, Radiation therapy, Surgery
Infectious Disease	Aids, Infections, Mumps
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Astrocytoma, Belgian type mental retardation, Craniopharyngioma, Gordon holmes syndrome, Poems syndrome, Postinfectious lesions of the central nervous system (cns), Vascular abnormalities of the cns
Nutritional/Metabolic	Zinc deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Exercise-induced amenorrhea, Ovarian resistance syndrome, Ovarian torsion, Polycystic ovarian disease, Premature ovarian failure, Premature menopause, Resistant ovary, Rud syndrome, Suramin, Swyer's syndrome
Oncologic	Astrocytoma, Germinoma, Growth hormone secreting pituitary adenoma, Hypothalamic glioma, Langerhans histiocytosis, Optic glioma, Other germ cell tumors, Pituitary tumor
Ophthalmologic	Optic glioma
Overdose/Toxicity	Alcohol
Psychiatric	Anorexia nervosa
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	Chronic renal failure, Renal failure
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Amyloidosis, Autoimmune damage, Autoimmunity, Chronic systemic illnesses, Lepromatous leprosy
Sexual	Aids, Epididymo-orchitis, Germinoma, Orchidectomy, Suramin
Trauma	Head trauma, Hepatic cirrhosis, Ovarian torsion, Testicular torsion, Trauma
Urologic	Anorchia, Anorchidism, Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Cryptorchidism, Disorders of androgen synthesis, Epididymo-orchitis, Gonadal dysgenesis , Hypogonadic hypogonadism, Orchitis, Testicular torsion, Varicocele
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

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