Sandbox:Mahda: Difference between revisions
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*Gastroesophageal reflux disease<ref name="pmid8338082">{{cite journal |vauthors=Marks RD, Richter JE |title=Peptic strictures of the esophagus |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=88 |issue=8 |pages=1160–73 |year=1993 |pmid=8338082 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Gastroesophageal reflux disease<ref name="pmid8338082">{{cite journal |vauthors=Marks RD, Richter JE |title=Peptic strictures of the esophagus |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=88 |issue=8 |pages=1160–73 |year=1993 |pmid=8338082 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*[[Eosinophilic esophagitis]]<ref name="FurutaIngelfinger2015">{{cite journal|last1=Furuta|first1=Glenn T.|last2=Ingelfinger|first2=Julie R.|last3=Katzka|first3=David A.|title=Eosinophilic Esophagitis|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=373|issue=17|year=2015|pages=1640–1648|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1502863}}</ref> | *[[Eosinophilic esophagitis]]<ref name="FurutaIngelfinger2015">{{cite journal|last1=Furuta|first1=Glenn T.|last2=Ingelfinger|first2=Julie R.|last3=Katzka|first3=David A.|title=Eosinophilic Esophagitis|journal=New England Journal of Medicine|volume=373|issue=17|year=2015|pages=1640–1648|issn=0028-4793|doi=10.1056/NEJMra1502863}}</ref> | ||
*Previous surgery on the esophagus | *Previous surgery on the esophagus | ||
*Surgical anastomosis | *Surgical anastomosis | ||
*Radiation therapy for thoracic or head and neck tumors<ref name="pmid7713784">{{cite journal |vauthors=Coia LR, Myerson RJ, Tepper JE |title=Late effects of radiation therapy on the gastrointestinal tract |journal=Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=1213–36 |year=1995 |pmid=7713784 |doi=10.1016/0360-3016(94)00419-L |url=}}</ref> | *Radiation therapy for thoracic or head and neck tumors<ref name="pmid7713784">{{cite journal |vauthors=Coia LR, Myerson RJ, Tepper JE |title=Late effects of radiation therapy on the gastrointestinal tract |journal=Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. |volume=31 |issue=5 |pages=1213–36 |year=1995 |pmid=7713784 |doi=10.1016/0360-3016(94)00419-L |url=}}</ref> | ||
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*Caustic ingestions<ref name="pmid4020540">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserman RL, Ginsburg CM |title=Caustic substance injuries |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=107 |issue=2 |pages=169–74 |year=1985 |pmid=4020540 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Caustic ingestions<ref name="pmid4020540">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wasserman RL, Ginsburg CM |title=Caustic substance injuries |journal=J. Pediatr. |volume=107 |issue=2 |pages=169–74 |year=1985 |pmid=4020540 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Treatment for esophageal varices | *Treatment for esophageal varices | ||
*Esophageal | *Esophageal cancer | ||
*Drug-induced stricture: | *Drug-induced stricture: | ||
**Aspirin and anti-inflammatory agents<ref name="pmid6825537">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kikendall JW, Friedman AC, Oyewole MA, Fleischer D, Johnson LF |title=Pill-induced esophageal injury. Case reports and review of the medical literature |journal=Dig. Dis. Sci. |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=174–82 |year=1983 |pmid=6825537 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | **Aspirin and anti-inflammatory agents<ref name="pmid6825537">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kikendall JW, Friedman AC, Oyewole MA, Fleischer D, Johnson LF |title=Pill-induced esophageal injury. Case reports and review of the medical literature |journal=Dig. Dis. Sci. |volume=28 |issue=2 |pages=174–82 |year=1983 |pmid=6825537 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
| Line 51: | Line 51: | ||
**Zollinger-Ellison syndrome | **Zollinger-Ellison syndrome | ||
**Nasogastric tube placement | **Nasogastric tube placement | ||
**Heller myotomy for achalasia | **Heller myotomy for achalasia | ||
*Esophageal diverticula or hiatal hernia | *Esophageal diverticula or hiatal hernia | ||
*Tracheoesophageal fistula | *Tracheoesophageal fistula | ||
| Line 115: | Line 115: | ||
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Gastroenterologic''' | | '''Gastroenterologic''' | ||
| bgcolor="Beige" | Gastroesophageal reflux disease, [[Eosinophilic esophagitis]] | | bgcolor="Beige" | Gastroesophageal reflux disease, [[Eosinophilic esophagitis]], Esophageal cancer | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| Line 127: | Line 127: | ||
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Iatrogenic''' | | '''Iatrogenic''' | ||
| bgcolor="Beige" | | | bgcolor="Beige" | Previous surgery on the esophagus, Surgical anastomosis, Radiation therapy for thoracic or head and neck tumors, Esophageal sclerotherapy, Treatment for esophageal varices | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| Line 167: | Line 167: | ||
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Pulmonary''' | | '''Pulmonary''' | ||
| bgcolor="Beige" | | | bgcolor="Beige" | Mediastinal fibrosis due to tuberclosis or idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis | ||
|- | |- | ||
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
Revision as of 19:50, 16 October 2017
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]
Overview
Disease name] may be caused by [cause1], [cause2], or [cause3].
OR
Common causes of [disease] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
OR
The most common cause of [disease name] is [cause 1]. Less common causes of [disease name] include [cause 2], [cause 3], and [cause 4].
OR
The cause of [disease name] has not been identified. To review risk factors for the development of [disease name], click here.
Causes
Life-threatening Causes
- Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of esophageal stricture, however complications resulting from untreated esophageal stricture is common.
Common Causes
Esophageal stricture may be caused by:
- Gastroesophageal reflux disease[1]
- Eosinophilic esophagitis[2]
- Previous surgery on the esophagus
- Surgical anastomosis
- Radiation therapy for thoracic or head and neck tumors[3]
- Esophageal sclerotherapy
- Caustic ingestions[4]
- Treatment for esophageal varices
- Esophageal cancer
- Drug-induced stricture:
- Aspirin and anti-inflammatory agents[5]
- Tetracycline
- Doxycycline
- Clindamycin
- Bisphosphonates
- Potassium chloride
- Quinidine preparations
- Iron compounds
- Emepronium
- Alprenolol
- Pinaverium
- Mediastinal fibrosis due to tuberclosis or idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis
- May lead to esophageal compression and stricture
- Increased level of gastric acid exposure to esophageal tissue, for example:
- Systemic sclerosis
- Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
- Nasogastric tube placement
- Heller myotomy for achalasia
- Esophageal diverticula or hiatal hernia
- Tracheoesophageal fistula
- Infectious esophagitis
- Candida
- Herpes simplex virus (HSV)
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of esophageal stricture include:
- Dyskeratosis congenita (DC)
- Rare dermatologic diseases (eg, epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica)[6]
- [Cause3]
Genetic Causes
- [Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | Caustic ingestion |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | Dyskeratosis congenita (DC), epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica |
| Drug Side Effect | Drug-induced stricture:
|
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | No underlying causes |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | Gastroesophageal reflux disease, Eosinophilic esophagitis, Esophageal cancer |
| Genetic | No underlying causes |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | Previous surgery on the esophagus, Surgical anastomosis, Radiation therapy for thoracic or head and neck tumors, Esophageal sclerotherapy, Treatment for esophageal varices |
| Infectious Disease | No underlying causes |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | No underlying causes |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | Mediastinal fibrosis due to tuberclosis or idiopathic fibrosing mediastinitis |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | No underlying causes |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.
The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
3References
- ↑ Marks RD, Richter JE (1993). "Peptic strictures of the esophagus". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 88 (8): 1160–73. PMID 8338082.
- ↑ Furuta, Glenn T.; Ingelfinger, Julie R.; Katzka, David A. (2015). "Eosinophilic Esophagitis". New England Journal of Medicine. 373 (17): 1640–1648. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1502863. ISSN 0028-4793.
- ↑ Coia LR, Myerson RJ, Tepper JE (1995). "Late effects of radiation therapy on the gastrointestinal tract". Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. 31 (5): 1213–36. doi:10.1016/0360-3016(94)00419-L. PMID 7713784.
- ↑ Wasserman RL, Ginsburg CM (1985). "Caustic substance injuries". J. Pediatr. 107 (2): 169–74. PMID 4020540.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Kikendall JW, Friedman AC, Oyewole MA, Fleischer D, Johnson LF (1983). "Pill-induced esophageal injury. Case reports and review of the medical literature". Dig. Dis. Sci. 28 (2): 174–82. PMID 6825537.
- ↑ Guerra-Leal JD, Meester I, Cantu-Gonzalez JR, Ornelas-Cortinas G, Montemayor-Martinez A, Salas-Alanis JC (2016). "The Importance of Esophagography in Patients With Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa". AJR Am J Roentgenol: 1–4. doi:10.2214/AJR.16.16115. PMID 27384758.