Sandbox MKK

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]

Introduction to the Historical Perspective Page

• The page name should be "(Disease name) historical perspective", with only the first letter of the title capitalized.
• Goal: to provide the background on the history of how the disease/condition was discovered, and the developments in the study of the disease over time.
• As with all microchapter pages linking to the main page, at the top of the edit box put {{CMG}}, your name template , and the microchapter navigation template you created at the beginning.
• Remember to create links within Wikidoc by placing [[square brackets]] around key words which you want to link to other pages. Make sure you makes your links as specific as possible. For example if a sentence contained the phrase anterior spinal artery syndrome, the link should be to anterior spinal artery syndrome not anterior or artery or syndrome. For more information on how to create links click here.
• Remember this is not the page for patient history, or the natural history of the disease.
• Remember to follow the same format and capitalization of letters as outlined in the template below
• You should include the name of the disease in the first sentence of every subsection.

Overview

• This section should include the name of the disease in the first sentence, and give a brief description of the important aspects of the information that is relayed in the rest of the page.
• For an example of the overview section of the historical perspective page, click here.

Template

• First Sentence:

[Disease name] was first discovered by [scientist] in [year] during/following [event].

OR

[Disease name] was first described by [scientist] in [year].

• Examples:

Example 1:Shigella was first discovered by Dr. Kiyoshi Shiga following a bacillary dysentery outbreak in Japan in 1896.

Example 2: Melanoma was first described by Hippocrates in the 5th century BC.

• Additional Sentences:

Additional Sentence 1: In [year], the first [event] occurred/was first reported following/during [event].

Additional Sentence 2: In [year], the first [discovery] was developed by [scientist] to treat/diagnose [disease name].

Additional Sentence 3: There have been several outbreaks of [disease] which are summarized below.

Additional Sentence 4: [Disease name] was first described in [year] by [scientist].

Additional Sentence 5: [Risk factor or cause] was first discovered to be associated with [disease] in [year].

Additional Sentence 6: In [year], [scientist] was the first to discover the association between [risk factor] and development of [disease].

Additional Sentence 7: In [year], [gene] mutations were first identified in the pathogenesis of [disease].

• Examples:

Example 1: In 1918, the first major human influenza pandemic occurred.

Example 2: In 2003, human-to-human transmission of avian influenza was first reported during the influenza A H5N1 outbreaks in Southeast and Central Asia.

Example 3: In 1978, the first cell-cytotoxicity assay was developed by Te-Wen Chang to diagnose C. difficile infection based on fecal toxins A and B.

Example 4: There have been several outbreaks of avian influenza which are summarized below.

Example 5: In 1956, Henry Lancaster, an Australian mathematician, was the first to discover the association between UV radiation exposure and development of melanoma.

Example 6: In 2003, BRAF mutations were first identified in the pathogenesis of melanoma.

Preferred Template Statements

IF the circumstances under which the disease was discovered are known:

• Gastric ulcer was first discovered by Goldstein, a [nationality + occupation], in [year]/during/following [event].

Other sentences may describe the development of diagnostic techniques or therapies to treat the disease, outbreaks or epidemics throughout history, discoveries relating to the pathogenesis or causes of the disease, etc. A non-comprehensive list of additional template statements is below.

• In [year], [diagnostic test/therapy] was developed by [scientist] to treat/diagnose [disease name].
• There have been several outbreaks of [disease name], which are summarized below. 
• The association between [important risk factor/cause] and [disease name] was made in/during [year/event].
• In [year], [scientist] was the first to discover the association between [risk factor] and the development of [disease name].
• In [year], [gene] mutations were first implicated in the pathogenesis of [disease name].
• The following are a few famous cases of [disease name].

Spiral-shaped microorganism described by Polish clinical researcher Professor W.Jaworski at Cracow Jagiellonian University 100 years ago but it was confirmed in the animal by G.Bizzazero.In late 1970, J.R Warren, a pathologist in Perth, Australia found the appearance of spiral bacteria overlying gastric mucosa. In 1982 Warren and B.J marshall cultured the organism and demonstrate a strong association between Helicobacter pylori and inflammation of gastric mucosa ,it is not due to spicy food and stress 1994 A National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference concludes that there is a strong association between H. pylori and ulcer disease, and recommends that ulcer patients with H. pylori infection be treated with antibiotics.

Discovery

• This section should describe how the disease was initially discovered, when it was discovered, and who discovered it.
• For an example of the discovery section within a historical perspective page, click here.

Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies

• Include notable scientists who studied the condition.
• Include landmark changes in approaches to studying the disease.
• This is a good place to include pictures of treatments, such as the "iron lung" for polio. For more information on adding pictures, click here.
• For an example of a development of treatment strategies section within a historical perspective page, click here.

Impact on Cultural History

• Here you can include the impact the disease has had over time from a cultural aspect.
• Include pandemics, epidemics, outbreaks, and initial mortality.
• Include the impact of the disease on society, such as the devastation, the way the sick were treated, and the impacts of the treatments that were used at the time.
• For an example of an impact on cultural history section within a historical perspective page, click here.

Famous Cases

• Include prominent cases of the condition in history (eg. Typhoid Mary).
• Include famous people who were afflicted by the condition.
• Include famous cases that defined the condition in history.

References

• References should be cited for the material that you have put on your page. Type in {{reflist|2}}. This will generate your references in small font, in two columns, with links to the original article and abstract.
• For information on how to add references into your page, click here.

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