Whipple's disease other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions
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==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ==Other Diagnostic Studies== | ||
*[[Small bowel]] [[biopsy]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of Whipple's disease. Findings diagnostic of Whipple's disease include:<ref name="DutlyAltwegg2001">{{cite journal|last1=Dutly|first1=F.|last2=Altwegg|first2=M.|title=Whipple's Disease and "Tropheryma whippelii"|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|volume=14|issue=3|year=2001|pages=561–583|issn=0893-8512|doi=10.1128/CMR.14.3.561-583.2001}}</ref> | *[[Small bowel]] [[biopsy]] may be helpful in the diagnosis of Whipple's disease. Findings diagnostic of Whipple's disease include:<ref name="pmid11432814">{{cite journal| author=Dutly F, Altwegg M| title=Whipple's disease and "Tropheryma whippelii". | journal=Clin Microbiol Rev | year= 2001 | volume= 14 | issue= 3 | pages= 561-83 | pmid=11432814 | doi=10.1128/CMR.14.3.561-583.2001 | pmc=88990 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11432814 }} </ref><ref name="pmid17202456">{{cite journal| author=Fenollar F, Puéchal X, Raoult D| title=Whipple's disease. | journal=N Engl J Med | year= 2007 | volume= 356 | issue= 1 | pages= 55-66 | pmid=17202456 | doi=10.1056/NEJMra062477 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17202456 }} </ref><ref name="MarthMoos2016">{{cite journal|last1=Marth|first1=Thomas|last2=Moos|first2=Verena|last3=Müller|first3=Christian|last4=Biagi|first4=Federico|last5=Schneider|first5=Thomas|title=Tropheryma whipplei infection and Whipple's disease|journal=The Lancet Infectious Diseases|volume=16|issue=3|year=2016|pages=e13–e22|issn=14733099|doi=10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00537-X}}</ref><ref name="Schoniger-HekelePetermann2007">{{cite journal|last1=Schoniger-Hekele|first1=M.|last2=Petermann|first2=D.|last3=Weber|first3=B.|last4=Muller|first4=C.|title=Tropheryma whipplei in the Environment: Survey of Sewage Plant Influxes and Sewage Plant Workers|journal=Applied and Environmental Microbiology|volume=73|issue=6|year=2007|pages=2033–2035|issn=0099-2240|doi=10.1128/AEM.02335-06}}</ref><ref name="BurešKopáčová2013">{{cite journal|last1=Bureš|first1=Jan|last2=Kopáčová|first2=Marcela|last3=Douda|first3=Tomáš|last4=Bártová|first4=Jolana|last5=Tomš|first5=Jan|last6=Rejchrt|first6=Stanislav|last7=Tachecí|first7=Ilja|title=Whipple’s Disease: Our Own Experience and Review of the Literature|journal=Gastroenterology Research and Practice|volume=2013|year=2013|pages=1–10|issn=1687-6121|doi=10.1155/2013/478349}}</ref><ref name="DutlyAltwegg2001">{{cite journal|last1=Dutly|first1=F.|last2=Altwegg|first2=M.|title=Whipple's Disease and "Tropheryma whippelii"|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|volume=14|issue=3|year=2001|pages=561–583|issn=0893-8512|doi=10.1128/CMR.14.3.561-583.2001}}</ref><ref name="DolmansBoel2017">{{cite journal|last1=Dolmans|first1=Ruben A. V.|last2=Boel|first2=C. H. Edwin|last3=Lacle|first3=Miangela M.|last4=Kusters|first4=Johannes G.|title=Clinical Manifestations, Treatment, and Diagnosis of Tropheryma whipplei Infections|journal=Clinical Microbiology Reviews|volume=30|issue=2|year=2017|pages=529–555|issn=0893-8512|doi=10.1128/CMR.00033-16}}</ref> | ||
**[[PAS stain|PAS]] positive [[inclusions]] in [[macrophages]] of [[lamina propria]] | **[[PAS stain|PAS]] positive [[inclusions]] in [[macrophages]] of [[lamina propria]] | ||
**All the organs affected by disease may demonstrate [[Periodic acid-Schiff stain|PAS]] positive [[macrophages]] like [[heart]], [[lungs]], [[CNS]], [[eyes]], [[liver]], [[spleen]], [[joints]], and [[bone marrow]]. | **All the organs affected by disease may demonstrate [[Periodic acid-Schiff stain|PAS]] positive [[macrophages]] like [[heart]], [[lungs]], [[CNS]], [[eyes]], [[liver]], [[spleen]], [[joints]], and [[bone marrow]]. | ||
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** Serum [[immunofluorescent]] assay, which demonstrates: | ** Serum [[immunofluorescent]] assay, which demonstrates: | ||
***[[Antibodies]] against [[Tropheryma whipplei]] | ***[[Antibodies]] against [[Tropheryma whipplei]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 17:54, 13 November 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Bhagyashree Deshmankar M.B.B.S.[2]; Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[3]
Overview
Small bowel biopsy may be helpful in the diagnosis of Whipple's disease. Diagnostic findings of Whipple's disease include, PAS positive inclusions in macrophages of lamina propria. Other diagnostic studies for Whipple's disease include electron microscopy which demonstrate bacteria, immunofluorescent assay to detect antibodies against Tropheryma whipplei and PCR, which demonstrates 16S rRNA gene of Tropheryma whipplei.
Other Diagnostic Studies
- Small bowel biopsy may be helpful in the diagnosis of Whipple's disease. Findings diagnostic of Whipple's disease include:[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]
- PAS positive inclusions in macrophages of lamina propria
- All the organs affected by disease may demonstrate PAS positive macrophages like heart, lungs, CNS, eyes, liver, spleen, joints, and bone marrow.
- Other diagnostic studies for Whipple's disease which confirm the diagnosis include:
- Electron microscopy, which demonstrates:
- Typical trilamellar membrane of Tropheryma whipplei
- Gram positive cell wall structure
- PCR of affected tissue, which demonstrates:
- 16S rRNA gene of Tropheryma whipplei
- Serum immunofluorescent assay, which demonstrates:
- Antibodies against Tropheryma whipplei
- Electron microscopy, which demonstrates:
References
- ↑ Dutly F, Altwegg M (2001). "Whipple's disease and "Tropheryma whippelii"". Clin Microbiol Rev. 14 (3): 561–83. doi:10.1128/CMR.14.3.561-583.2001. PMC 88990. PMID 11432814.
- ↑ Fenollar F, Puéchal X, Raoult D (2007). "Whipple's disease". N Engl J Med. 356 (1): 55–66. doi:10.1056/NEJMra062477. PMID 17202456.
- ↑ Marth, Thomas; Moos, Verena; Müller, Christian; Biagi, Federico; Schneider, Thomas (2016). "Tropheryma whipplei infection and Whipple's disease". The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 16 (3): e13–e22. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00537-X. ISSN 1473-3099.
- ↑ Schoniger-Hekele, M.; Petermann, D.; Weber, B.; Muller, C. (2007). "Tropheryma whipplei in the Environment: Survey of Sewage Plant Influxes and Sewage Plant Workers". Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 73 (6): 2033–2035. doi:10.1128/AEM.02335-06. ISSN 0099-2240.
- ↑ Bureš, Jan; Kopáčová, Marcela; Douda, Tomáš; Bártová, Jolana; Tomš, Jan; Rejchrt, Stanislav; Tachecí, Ilja (2013). "Whipple's Disease: Our Own Experience and Review of the Literature". Gastroenterology Research and Practice. 2013: 1–10. doi:10.1155/2013/478349. ISSN 1687-6121.
- ↑ Dutly, F.; Altwegg, M. (2001). "Whipple's Disease and "Tropheryma whippelii"". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 14 (3): 561–583. doi:10.1128/CMR.14.3.561-583.2001. ISSN 0893-8512.
- ↑ Dolmans, Ruben A. V.; Boel, C. H. Edwin; Lacle, Miangela M.; Kusters, Johannes G. (2017). "Clinical Manifestations, Treatment, and Diagnosis of Tropheryma whipplei Infections". Clinical Microbiology Reviews. 30 (2): 529–555. doi:10.1128/CMR.00033-16. ISSN 0893-8512.