Peptic ulcer risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
*The most potent risk factor in the development of peptic ulcer disease is an infection from Helicobacter pylori. Other risk factors include chronic use of NSAIDs, tobacco smoking, and family history of peptic ulcer. | *The most potent risk factor in the development of peptic ulcer disease is an infection from Helicobacter pylori. Other risk factors include chronic use of NSAIDs, tobacco smoking, and family history of peptic ulcer. | ||
===Common Risk Factors=== | ===Common Risk Factors=== | ||
*Common risk factors in the development of peptic ulcer disease may be an infection, environmental, genetic, and lifestyle. | *Common risk factors in the development of peptic ulcer disease may be an infection, environmental, genetic, and lifestyle. | ||
Revision as of 19:50, 14 November 2017
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Peptic ulcer Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Surgery |
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Case Studies |
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2017 ACG Guidelines for Peptic Ulcer Disease |
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Guidelines for the Indications to Test for, and to Treat, H. pylori Infection |
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Guidlines for factors that predict the successful eradication when treating H. pylori infection |
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Guidelines to document H. pylori antimicrobial resistance in the North America |
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Guidelines for evaluation and testing of H. pylori antibiotic resistance |
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Guidelines for when to test for treatment success after H. pylori eradication therapy |
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Guidelines for penicillin allergy in patients with H. pylori infection |
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Peptic ulcer risk factors On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Peptic ulcer risk factors |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Peptic ulcer risk factors |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ;Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]
Overviews
Common risk factors in the development of peptic ulcer disease include chronic use of NSAIDs, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, family history of peptic ulcer, and age >50 years.
Risk Factors
Despite the finding that a bacterial infection is the cause of ulcers in 80% of cases, bacterial infection does not appear to explain all ulcers and researchers continue to look at stress as a possible cause, or at least a complication in the development of ulcers.
An expert panel convened by the Academy of Behavioral Medicine research concluded that ulcers are not purely an infectious disease and that psychological factors do play a significant role. Researchers are examining how stress might promote H. pylori infection. For example, Helicobacter pylori thrives in an acidic environment, and stress has been demonstrated to cause the production of excess stomach acid.
The discovery that Helicobacter pylori is a cause of peptic ulcer has tempted many to conclude that psychological factors are unimportant. But this is dichotomised thinking. There is solid evidence that psychological stress triggers many ulcers and impairs response to treatment, while helicobacter is inadequate as a monocausal explanation as most infected people do not develop ulcers. Psychological stress probably functions most often as a cofactor with H pylori. It may act by stimulating the production of gastric acid or by promoting behavior that causes a risk to health. Unravelling the aetiology of peptic ulcer will make an important contribution to the biopsychosocial model of disease.[1]
A study of peptic ulcer patients in a Thai hospital showed that chronic stress was strongly associated with an increased risk of peptic ulcer, and a combination of chronic stress and irregular mealtimes was a significant risk factor (PMID 12948263).
A study on mice showed that both long-term water-immersion-restraint stress and H. pylori infection were independently associated with the development of peptic ulcers (PMID 12465722).
The following factor raises the risk of peptic ulcer:
- Episode of H. pylori infection.
- Chronic use NSAIDs.
- Cigarettes/Alcohol intake.
- Family history of peptic ulcer.
- Age 50 years or more.
There are no established risk factors for [disease name].
OR
The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
OR
Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
OR
Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
Risk Factors
- The most potent risk factor in the development of peptic ulcer disease is an infection from Helicobacter pylori. Other risk factors include chronic use of NSAIDs, tobacco smoking, and family history of peptic ulcer.
Common Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of peptic ulcer disease may be an infection, environmental, genetic, and lifestyle.
- Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
- Helicobacter pylori infection
- Chronic use of NSAIDs
Less Common Risk Factors
- Less common risk factors in the development of peptic ulcer diease include:
- [Risk factor 1]
- [Risk factor 2]
- [Risk factor 3]
References
- ↑ "Stress and peptic ulcer: life beyond helicobacter". Retrieved 2007-08-26.