Gallstone disease history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
The majority of patients with gallstone disease are asymptomatic and are | The majority of patients with gallstone disease are asymptomatic and do not feel any pain or discomfort. These gallstones are called "silent stones" and do not affect the [[gallbladder]] or other internal organs. They do not need treatment.<ref name="nih_gall" /> Most patients females over the age of 40 whom have had multiple children and tend to have a BMI over 25. <ref name="pmid2368790">{{cite journal |vauthors=Diehl AK, Sugarek NJ, Todd KH |title=Clinical evaluation for gallstone disease: usefulness of symptoms and signs in diagnosis |journal=Am. J. Med. |volume=89 |issue=1 |pages=29–33 |year=1990 |pmid=2368790 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
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==History and Symptoms== | ==History and Symptoms== | ||
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Patients with gallstones may have a positive history of: | Patients with gallstones may have a positive history of: | ||
*Obesity | *Obesity | ||
*Eating fatty foods | |||
*Multiparity | *Multiparity | ||
*Age over 40 | *Age over 40 | ||
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*Right upper quadrant pain | *Right upper quadrant pain | ||
*Nausea | *Nausea | ||
*Vomiting<ref name="pmid13848582">{{cite journal |vauthors=LUND J |title=Surgical indications in cholelithiasis: prophylactic choleithiasis: prophylactic cholecystectomy elucidated on the basis of long-term follow up on 526 nonoperated cases |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=151 |issue= |pages=153–62 |year=1960 |pmid=13848582 |pmc=1613279 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | *Vomiting | ||
*Diarrhea | |||
*Dehydration<ref name="pmid13848582">{{cite journal |vauthors=LUND J |title=Surgical indications in cholelithiasis: prophylactic choleithiasis: prophylactic cholecystectomy elucidated on the basis of long-term follow up on 526 nonoperated cases |journal=Ann. Surg. |volume=151 |issue= |pages=153–62 |year=1960 |pmid=13848582 |pmc=1613279 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
===Less Common Symptoms=== | ===Less Common Symptoms=== | ||
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*Belching<ref name="pmid12802649">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berger MY, Olde Hartman TC, Bohnen AM |title=Abdominal symptoms: do they disappear after cholecystectomy? |journal=Surg Endosc |volume=17 |issue=11 |pages=1723–8 |year=2003 |pmid=12802649 |doi=10.1007/s00464-002-9154-6 |url=}}</ref> | *Belching<ref name="pmid12802649">{{cite journal |vauthors=Berger MY, Olde Hartman TC, Bohnen AM |title=Abdominal symptoms: do they disappear after cholecystectomy? |journal=Surg Endosc |volume=17 |issue=11 |pages=1723–8 |year=2003 |pmid=12802649 |doi=10.1007/s00464-002-9154-6 |url=}}</ref> | ||
=====Complications===== | =====Complications===== | ||
The more serious complication is total blockage of the bile duct which leads to [[jaundice]], which if it is not corrected naturally or by a surgical procedure can be fatal as it causes [[liver]] damage. | The more serious complication is total blockage of the bile duct which leads to [[jaundice]], which if it is not corrected naturally or by a surgical procedure can be fatal as it causes [[liver]] damage. | ||
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Biliary pain in the absence of gallstones may severely impact the patient's quality of life, even in the absence | Biliary pain in the absence of gallstones may severely impact the patient's quality of life, even in the absence | ||
of disease progression. | of disease progression. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
The majority of patients with gallstone disease are asymptomatic and do not feel any pain or discomfort. These gallstones are called "silent stones" and do not affect the gallbladder or other internal organs. They do not need treatment.[1] Most patients females over the age of 40 whom have had multiple children and tend to have a BMI over 25. [2]
History and Symptoms
The majority of patients with gallstone disease are asymptomatic.[3] They start developing symptoms once the stones reach a certain size (>8mm).[4]The hallmark of gallstone disease is a gallstone "attack", also known as biliary colic that is described as intense pain in the upper abdominal region that steadily increases for approximately thirty minutes to several hours with pain in the back, ordinarily between the shoulder blades, or pain under the right shoulder. A positive history of obesity, multiparity and age over 40 with is suggestive of gallstones.[2]
History
Patients with gallstones may have a positive history of:
- Obesity
- Eating fatty foods
- Multiparity
- Age over 40
- Female
- Caucasian or Native American [5]
Common Symptoms
Common symptoms of gallstones include:
- Right upper quadrant pain
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Dehydration[6]
Less Common Symptoms
Less common symptoms of gallstones include
- Chest pain
- Fullness after eating/early satiety
- Belching[7]
Complications
The more serious complication is total blockage of the bile duct which leads to jaundice, which if it is not corrected naturally or by a surgical procedure can be fatal as it causes liver damage.
The presence of gallstones can lead to infection of the gall bladder (cholecystitis) or the biliary tree (cholangitis) or acute inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis). Rarely, an impacted gallstone can obstruct the bowel, causing gallstone ileus (mechanical ileus).
Biliary pain in the absence of gallstones may severely impact the patient's quality of life, even in the absence of disease progression.
References
- ↑ Invalid
<ref>tag; no text was provided for refs namednih_gall - ↑ 2.0 2.1 Diehl AK, Sugarek NJ, Todd KH (1990). "Clinical evaluation for gallstone disease: usefulness of symptoms and signs in diagnosis". Am. J. Med. 89 (1): 29–33. PMID 2368790.
- ↑ "Cholelithiasis". emedicine from WebMD. Retrieved 2007-08-25.
- ↑ "Gallstones". Medline Plus. Retrieved 2007-08-25.
- ↑ Johnson CD (2001). "ABC of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Upper abdominal pain: Gall bladder". BMJ. 323 (7322): 1170–3. PMC 1121646. PMID 11711412.
- ↑ LUND J (1960). "Surgical indications in cholelithiasis: prophylactic choleithiasis: prophylactic cholecystectomy elucidated on the basis of long-term follow up on 526 nonoperated cases". Ann. Surg. 151: 153–62. PMC 1613279. PMID 13848582.
- ↑ Berger MY, Olde Hartman TC, Bohnen AM (2003). "Abdominal symptoms: do they disappear after cholecystectomy?". Surg Endosc. 17 (11): 1723–8. doi:10.1007/s00464-002-9154-6. PMID 12802649.