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===Nutritional therapy===
===Nutritional therapy===
*Nutritional therapy is essential for short bowel syndrome and to restore the intestinal adaptation. It could be provided through oral, enteral and parenteral routes.
*Nutritional therapy is essential for short bowel syndrome and to restore the intestinal adaptation. It could be provided through oral, enteral and parenteral routes.
** '''Oral rehydration'''
** 1 '''Fluid'''
*** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days '''(Contraindications/specific instructions)'''  
*** 1.1 Acute phase
*** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q8h for 14-21 days
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days '''(Contraindications/specific instructions)'''
*** Preferred regimen (3): [[drug name]] 500 mg q12h for 14-21 days
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days '''(Contraindications/specific instructions)'''
*** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days 
*** 1.2 Maintenance phase
*** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q12h for 14–21 days
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days '''(Contraindications/specific instructions)''' 
*** Alternative regimen (3): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 14–21 days
**** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days
*** 1.1.2 '''Pediatric'''
** 2 '''Parenteral infusion'''
**** 1.1.2.1 (Specific population e.g. '''children < 8 years of age''')
*** 2.1 Acute phase
**** 2.1.1 Diet
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 50 mg/kg PO per day q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)   
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 50 mg/kg PO per day q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)   
***** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] 30 mg/kg PO per day in 2 divided doses (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] 30 mg/kg PO per day in 2 divided doses (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]]10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]]10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (3): [[drug name]] 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
**** 2.1.2 Electrolytes
****1.1.2.2 (Specific population e.g. ''''''children < 8 years of age'''''')
****  
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h（maximum, 100 mg per dose）
***2.2 Maintenance phase
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h（maximum, 100 mg per dose）
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)   
**** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
***** Alternative regimen (3): [[drug name]] 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
**** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)   
** 1.2 '''Specific Organ system involved 2'''
**** Alternative regimen (3): [[drug name]] 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
** 3 '''Enteral nutrition'''
*** 1.2.1 '''Adult'''
*** 1.2.1 '''Adult'''
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q8h  
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q8h  
*** 1.2.2  '''Pediatric'''
*** 1.2.2  '''Pediatric'''
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
**** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
 
** 4 '''Supplement'''
* 2 '''Stage 2 - Name of stage'''
*** 4.1 Vitamins
** 2.1 '''Specific Organ system involved 1 '''
*** 4.2 Minerals
**: '''Note (1):'''
*** 4.3 Exogenous enzyme replacement 
**: '''Note (2)''':
**** 4.3.1 Pancreatic enzyme
**: '''Note (3):'''
**** 4.3.2 Lactase
*** 2.1.1 '''Adult'''
*** 4.4 Bile acid sequestrants
**** Parenteral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 2 g IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 2 g IV q8h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 18–24 MU/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days
**** Oral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] 100 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Preferred regimen (3): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days 
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q12h for 14–21 days
***** Alternative regimen (3):[[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 14–21 days
*** 2.1.2 '''Pediatric'''
**** Parenteral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 50–75 mg/kg IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 2 g)
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 150–200 mg/kg/day IV q6–8h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 6 g per day)
***** Alternative regimen (2):  [[drug name]] 200,000–400,000 U/kg/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 18–24 million U per day) ''''''(Contraindications/specific instructions)''''''
**** Oral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1):  [[drug name]] 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days  (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] '''(for children aged ≥ 8 years)''' 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 100 mg per dose)
***** Preferred regimen (3): [[drug name]] 30 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days  (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (1):  [[drug name]] 10 mg/kg PO q6h 7–10 days  (maximum, 500 mg per day)
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14–21 days  (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (3): [[drug name]] 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h for 14–21 days  (maximum,500 mg per dose)
** 2.2  '<nowiki/>'''''Other Organ system involved 2''''''
**: '''Note (1):'''
**: '''Note (2)''':
**: '''Note (3):'''
*** 2.2.1 '''Adult'''
**** Parenteral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 2 g IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 2 g IV q8h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 18–24 MU/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days
**** Oral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] 100 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Preferred regimen (3): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days 
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 500 mg PO q12h for 14–21 days
***** Alternative regimen (3):[[drug name]] 500 mg PO q6h for 14–21 days
*** 2.2.2 '''Pediatric'''
**** Parenteral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1): [[drug name]] 50–75 mg/kg IV q24h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 2 g)
***** Alternative regimen (1): [[drug name]] 150–200 mg/kg/day IV q6–8h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 6 g per day)
***** Alternative regimen (2):  [[drug name]] 200,000–400,000 U/kg/day IV q4h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 18–24 million U per day)
**** Oral regimen
***** Preferred regimen (1):  [[drug name]] 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h for 14 (14–21) days  (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Preferred regimen (2): [[drug name]] 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days (maximum, 100 mg per dose)
***** Preferred regimen (3): [[drug name]] 30 mg/kg/day PO q12h for 14 (14–21) days  (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (1):  [[drug name]] 10 mg/kg PO q6h 7–10 days  (maximum, 500 mg per day)
***** Alternative regimen (2): [[drug name]] 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14–21 days  (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
***** Alternative regimen (3): [[drug name]] 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h for 14–21 days  (maximum,500 mg per dose)


===Pharmacotherapy===
===Pharmacotherapy===

Revision as of 22:48, 1 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Medical Therapy

  • Management of short bowel syndrome is complicated and requires close collaboration of all medical team members including the physician, nutritionist, and nurse with the patient and their families.
  • Management of short bowel syndrome consists of medical therapy and surgical interventions.
  • Medical therapy consists of nutritional therapy and pharmacotherapy.
  • Lifelong follow-up is usually needed.

Nutritional therapy

  • Nutritional therapy is essential for short bowel syndrome and to restore the intestinal adaptation. It could be provided through oral, enteral and parenteral routes.
    • 1 Fluid
      • 1.1 Acute phase
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days (Contraindications/specific instructions)
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days (Contraindications/specific instructions)
      • 1.2 Maintenance phase
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 100 mg PO q12h for 10-21 days (Contraindications/specific instructions)
        • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q6h for 7–10 days
    • 2 Parenteral infusion
      • 2.1 Acute phase
        • 2.1.1 Diet
          • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50 mg/kg PO per day q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Preferred regimen (2): drug name 30 mg/kg PO per day in 2 divided doses (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
          • Alternative regimen (1): drug name10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
          • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
        • 2.1.2 Electrolytes
      • 2.2 Maintenance phase
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 4 mg/kg/day PO q12h（maximum, 100 mg per dose）
        • Alternative regimen (1): drug name 10 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per day)
        • Alternative regimen (2): drug name 7.5 mg/kg PO q12h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
        • Alternative regimen (3): drug name 12.5 mg/kg PO q6h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
    • 3 Enteral nutrition
      • 1.2.1 Adult
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 500 mg PO q8h
      • 1.2.2 Pediatric
        • Preferred regimen (1): drug name 50 mg/kg/day PO q8h (maximum, 500 mg per dose)
    • 4 Supplement
      • 4.1 Vitamins
      • 4.2 Minerals
      • 4.3 Exogenous enzyme replacement 
        • 4.3.1 Pancreatic enzyme
        • 4.3.2 Lactase
      • 4.4 Bile acid sequestrants

Pharmacotherapy

Symptoms of short bowel syndrome are usually addressed by prescription medicine. These include:

References

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