Hepatic encephalopathy causes: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
The most common cause of hepatic encephalopathy is hepatic cirrhosis, drug and toxins and acute fulminant hepatitis. Less common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include Wilson's disease, porphyria, alppha-1-antitripsin deficiency, autoimmune hepatitis, Budd-chiari syndrome, cancer(primary hepatic cancer or metastasis to liver), HELLP syndrome(hemolysis, elevated liver function tests, and low platelets) and sepsis.
The most common cause of hepatic encephalopathy is [[hepatic cirrhosis]], drug and toxins and [[Fulminant hepatitis|acute fulminant hepatitis]]. Less common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include [[Wilson's disease]], [[porphyria]], [[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency|alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency]], [[autoimmune hepatitis]], [[Budd-Chiari syndrome|Budd-chiari syndrome]], cancer(primary [[hepatic cancer]] or [[metastasis]] to liver), [[HELLP syndrome]]([[hemolysis]], elevated [[liver function tests]], and low [[Platelet|platelets]]) and [[sepsis]].


==Causes==
==Causes==


=== Common Causes ===
=== Common Causes ===
Most common cause of hepatic encephalopathy is hepatic cirrhosis.
Common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include:
Common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include:
* Hepatic cirrhosis
* [[Hepatic cirrhosis]]
* Drug and toxins(acetaminophen, amoxicilin/clavulanate, halothane, iron, NSAIDs, isoniazid ,carbon tetrachloride, Wild mushroom Amanita phalloides)
* Drug and toxins([[acetaminophen]], [[Amoxicilina|amoxicilin]]/[[Clavulanic acid|clavulanate]], [[halothane]], [[iron]], [[NSAIDs]], [[isoniazid]] ,[[carbon tetrachloride]], Wild mushroom [[Amanita phalloides]])


* Acute fulminant viral hepatitis
* Acute [[fulminant]] [[viral hepatitis]]


===Less Common Causes===
===Less Common Causes===
Less common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include:
Less common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include:
*Wilson’s disease
*[[Wilson's disease|Wilson’s disease]]
*Porphyria
*[[Porphyria]]
*Alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency
*[[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency|Alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency]]


*Autoimmune hepatitis
*[[Autoimmune hepatitis]]
*Budd-chiari syndrome  
*[[Budd-Chiari syndrome|Budd-chiari syndrome]]
*Cancer(primary hepatic cancer or metastasis to liver)  
*[[Cancer]](primary hepatic cancer or [[metastasis]] to liver)  
*HELLP syndrome(hemolysis, elevated liver function tests, and low platelets)  
*[[HELLP syndrome]]([[hemolysis]], elevated [[liver function tests]], and low [[Platelet|platelets]])  
*Sepsis  
*[[Sepsis]]
*[[Right heart failure]]


===Causes by Organ System===
===Causes by Organ System===
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{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
{| style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1"
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:25%" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" ; border="1" |'''Cardiovascular'''
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" |budd-chiari syndrome
| style="width:75%" bgcolor="Beige" ; border="1" |[[Budd-Chiari syndrome|Budd-chiari syndrome]]


Right heart failure
[[Right heart failure]]
|-
|-
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Chemical/Poisoning'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Drug and toxins(acetaminophen, amoxicilin/clavulanate, halothane, iron, NSAIDs, isoniazid ,carbon tetrachloride, Wild mushroom Amanita phalloides)
| bgcolor="Beige" | Drug and [[toxin]]<nowiki/>s([[acetaminophen]], [[Amoxicilina|amoxicilin]]/[[Clavulanic acid|clavulanate]], [[halothane]], [[iron]], [[NSAIDs]], [[isoniazid]] ,[[carbon tetrachloride]], Wild mushroom [[Amanita phalloides]])
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Hepatic cirrhosis, acute fulminant viral hepatitis, Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis, alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency, autoimmune hepatitis, cancer(primary hepatic cancer or metastasis to liver)
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Hepatic cirrhosis]], acute [[fulminant]] [[viral hepatitis]], [[Wilson's disease]], [[hemochromatosis]], [[Alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency|alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency]], [[autoimmune hepatitis]], [[cancer]](primary hepatic cancer or [[metastasis]] to liver)
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''
| bgcolor="Beige" | Porphyria, HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver function tests, and low platelets)
| bgcolor="Beige" | [[Porphyria]], [[HELLP syndrome]] ([[hemolysis]], elevated [[liver function tests]], and low [[Platelet|platelets]])
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| '''Infectious Disease'''
| bgcolor="Beige" |Sepsis
| bgcolor="Beige" |[[Sepsis]]
|-
|-
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|- bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"

Revision as of 18:26, 14 December 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: ;Mohamadmostafa Jahansouz M.D.[2]

Overview

The most common cause of hepatic encephalopathy is hepatic cirrhosis, drug and toxins and acute fulminant hepatitis. Less common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include Wilson's disease, porphyria, alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency, autoimmune hepatitis, Budd-chiari syndrome, cancer(primary hepatic cancer or metastasis to liver), HELLP syndrome(hemolysis, elevated liver function tests, and low platelets) and sepsis.

Causes

Common Causes

Common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include:

Less Common Causes

Less common causes of hepatic encephalopathy include:

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Budd-chiari syndrome

Right heart failure

Chemical/Poisoning Drug and toxins(acetaminophen, amoxicilin/clavulanate, halothane, iron, NSAIDs, isoniazid ,carbon tetrachloride, Wild mushroom Amanita phalloides)
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Hepatic cirrhosis, acute fulminant viral hepatitis, Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis, alpha-1-antitripsin deficiency, autoimmune hepatitis, cancer(primary hepatic cancer or metastasis to liver)
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Porphyria, HELLP syndrome (hemolysis, elevated liver function tests, and low platelets)
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Sepsis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy No underlying causes
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order.

The unnamed parameter 2= is no longer supported. Please see the documentation for {{columns-list}}.
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