Gastrointestinal stromal tumor CT: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Gastrointestinal stromal tumor}} | |||
{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{Akshun}} | |||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Abdominal CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. | Abdominal CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor. | ||
==CT scan== | ==CT scan== | ||
A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is the imaging test of choice and an important tool in the diagnosis of GIST. However, a biopsy (endoscopic or CT guided) is the gold standard in diagnosing GIST. <ref>{{Cite web | title = Gastrointestinal stromal tumour | |||
| url = http://radiopaedia.org/articles/gastrointestinal-stromal-tumour-1}}</ref><ref name="pmid15654796">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tran T, Davila JA, El-Serag HB |title=The epidemiology of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an analysis of 1,458 cases from 1992 to 2000 |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=100 |issue=1 |pages=162–8 |year=2005 |pmid=15654796 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40709.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16625094">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miettinen M, Makhlouf H, Sobin LH, Lasota J |title=Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 906 cases before imatinib with long-term follow-up |journal=Am. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=477–89 |year=2006 |pmid=16625094 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | | url = http://radiopaedia.org/articles/gastrointestinal-stromal-tumour-1}}</ref><ref name="pmid15654796">{{cite journal |vauthors=Tran T, Davila JA, El-Serag HB |title=The epidemiology of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an analysis of 1,458 cases from 1992 to 2000 |journal=Am. J. Gastroenterol. |volume=100 |issue=1 |pages=162–8 |year=2005 |pmid=15654796 |doi=10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40709.x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid16625094">{{cite journal |vauthors=Miettinen M, Makhlouf H, Sobin LH, Lasota J |title=Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 906 cases before imatinib with long-term follow-up |journal=Am. J. Surg. Pathol. |volume=30 |issue=4 |pages=477–89 |year=2006 |pmid=16625094 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*CT scan can be used to determine the size, location and staging of the GIST. | *CT scan can be used to determine the size, location and staging of the GIST. | ||
*A CT can accurately de-mark surrounding structures, multiple tumors and metastases. | *A CT can accurately de-mark surrounding structures, multiple tumors and metastases. | ||
*The size of GIST determined by a CT scan can also be | *The size of GIST determined by a CT scan can also be used to classify the severity of GIST. | ||
**Small GIST (< 5 cm) are homogeneous with clear boundaries and intraluminal pattern of growth. | **Small GIST (< 5 cm) are homogeneous with clear boundaries and intraluminal pattern of growth. | ||
**Intermediate GIST (size of 5-10 cm) are heterogeneous with irregular borders and intra or extra-luminal pattern of growth. | **Intermediate GIST (size of 5-10 cm) are heterogeneous with irregular borders and intra or extra-luminal pattern of growth. | ||
**Large GISTs (>10 cm) are heterogeneous with irregular borders and local or distant spread. | **Large GISTs (>10 cm) are heterogeneous with irregular borders and local or distant spread. | ||
**Malignant GIST with metastasis may have the following findings: | **Malignant GIST with metastasis (distant, peritoneal, omental) may have the following findings: | ||
***Size greater than 10 cm | ***Size greater than 10 cm | ||
***Calcifications | ***Calcifications | ||
| Line 26: | Line 23: | ||
***Ulceration | ***Ulceration | ||
***Extraluminal and mesenteric fat infiltration | ***Extraluminal and mesenteric fat infiltration | ||
*CT with contrast (oral) is superior to a normal CT scan. A CT with contrast can better visualize: | |||
**Thickness of the small bowel | |||
CT with contrast (oral) is superior to normal CT. CT with contrast can better visualize | **Deep ileal loops without superimposition | ||
* | **Evaluation of surrounding mesentery | ||
* | *MRI is more accurate than CT for delineating rectal GISTs and in detecting liver metastasis, hemorrhage and necrosis. | ||
* | |||
MRI is more accurate than CT for delineating rectal GISTs and in detecting liver metastasis, hemorrhage and necrosis. | |||
Revision as of 23:46, 17 December 2017
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Gastrointestinal stromal tumor Microchapters |
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Differentiating Gastrointestinal stromal tumor from other Diseases |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Gastrointestinal stromal tumor CT On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Gastrointestinal stromal tumor CT |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Gastrointestinal stromal tumor |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Gastrointestinal stromal tumor CT |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Abdominal CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor.
CT scan
A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis is the imaging test of choice and an important tool in the diagnosis of GIST. However, a biopsy (endoscopic or CT guided) is the gold standard in diagnosing GIST. [1][2][3]
- CT scan can be used to determine the size, location and staging of the GIST.
- A CT can accurately de-mark surrounding structures, multiple tumors and metastases.
- The size of GIST determined by a CT scan can also be used to classify the severity of GIST.
- Small GIST (< 5 cm) are homogeneous with clear boundaries and intraluminal pattern of growth.
- Intermediate GIST (size of 5-10 cm) are heterogeneous with irregular borders and intra or extra-luminal pattern of growth.
- Large GISTs (>10 cm) are heterogeneous with irregular borders and local or distant spread.
- Malignant GIST with metastasis (distant, peritoneal, omental) may have the following findings:
- Size greater than 10 cm
- Calcifications
- Irregular margins
- Heterogeneous, lobulated
- Lymphadenopathy
- Ulceration
- Extraluminal and mesenteric fat infiltration
- CT with contrast (oral) is superior to a normal CT scan. A CT with contrast can better visualize:
- Thickness of the small bowel
- Deep ileal loops without superimposition
- Evaluation of surrounding mesentery
- MRI is more accurate than CT for delineating rectal GISTs and in detecting liver metastasis, hemorrhage and necrosis.
References
- ↑ "Gastrointestinal stromal tumour".
- ↑ Tran T, Davila JA, El-Serag HB (2005). "The epidemiology of malignant gastrointestinal stromal tumors: an analysis of 1,458 cases from 1992 to 2000". Am. J. Gastroenterol. 100 (1): 162–8. doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2005.40709.x. PMID 15654796.
- ↑ Miettinen M, Makhlouf H, Sobin LH, Lasota J (2006). "Gastrointestinal stromal tumors of the jejunum and ileum: a clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic study of 906 cases before imatinib with long-term follow-up". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 30 (4): 477–89. PMID 16625094.