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{{For|the art institute called "INHA"|Institut national d'histoire de l'art}}
 
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{{For|the art institute called "INHA"|Institut national d'histoire de l'art}}
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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Inhibin, alpha''', also known as '''INHA''', is a [[protein]] which in humans is encoded by the ''INHA''  [[gene]].<ref name="pmid3345731">{{cite journal |vauthors=Burger HG, Igarashi M | title = Inhibin: definition and nomenclature, including related substances | journal = Endocrinology | volume = 122 | issue = 4 | pages = 1701–2 |date=April 1988 | pmid = 3345731 | doi = 10.1210/endo-122-4-1701| url = | issn = }}</ref>
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Inhibin, alpha
| HGNCid = 6065
| Symbol = INHA
| AltSymbols =;
| OMIM = 147380
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 1652
| MGIid = 96569
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_INHA_210141_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005125 |text = cytokine activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005179 |text = hormone activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008083 |text = growth factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0017106 |text = activin inhibitor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043512 |text = inhibin A complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001501 |text = skeletal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001541 |text = ovarian follicle development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006917 |text = induction of apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007050 |text = cell cycle arrest}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007166 |text = cell surface receptor linked signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007399 |text = nervous system development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009605 |text = response to external stimulus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030154 |text = cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030218 |text = erythrocyte differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042127 |text = regulation of cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042326 |text = negative regulation of phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042541 |text = hemoglobin biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045077 |text = negative regulation of interferon-gamma biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045578 |text = negative regulation of B cell differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045650 |text = negative regulation of macrophage differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046881 |text = positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046882 |text = negative regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051726 |text = regulation of cell cycle}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 3623
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000123999
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002182
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002191
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 220145161
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 220148679
    | Hs_Uniprot = P05111
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 16322
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000032968
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010564
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034694
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 1
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 75390225
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 75393502
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q6GTG7
  }}
}}
'''Inhibin, alpha''', also known as '''INHA''', is a human [[gene]].


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
The inhibin alpha subunit joins either the [[INHBA|beta A]] or [[INHBB|beta B]] subunit to form a pituitary [[Follicle-stimulating hormone|FSH]] secretion inhibitor.  [[Activin and inhibin|Inhibin]] has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumour-suppressor activity.  In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of [[Granulosa cell tumour|granulosa-cell tumors]] and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease.  However, in prostate cancer, expression of the inhibin alpha-subunit gene was suppressed and was not detectable in poorly differentiated tumor cells.  Furthermore, because expression in gonadal and various extragonadal tissues may vary severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion, it is proposed that inhibin may be both a growth/differentiation factor and a hormone.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: INHA inhibin, alpha| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3623| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The inhibin alpha subunit joins either the beta A or beta B subunit to form a pituitary FSH secretion inhibitor.  Inhibin has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumour-suppressor activity.  In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of granulosa-cell tumors and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease.  However, in prostate cancer, expression of the inhibin alpha-subunit gene was suppressed and was not detectable in poorly differentiated tumor cells.  Furthermore, because expression in gonadal and various extragonadal tissues may vary severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion, it is proposed that inhibin may be both a growth/differentiation factor and a hormone.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: INHA inhibin, alpha| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3623| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Inhibin]]
* [[Activin and inhibin|Inhibin]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal  | author=Mellor SL, Richards MG, Pedersen JS, ''et al.'' |title=Loss of the expression and localization of inhibin alpha-subunit in high grade prostate cancer. |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=83 |issue= 3 |pages= 969-75 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9506758 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mellor SL |title=Loss of the expression and localization of inhibin alpha-subunit in high grade prostate cancer |journal=J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. |volume=83 |issue= 3 |pages= 969–75 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9506758 |doi=10.1210/jc.83.3.969 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Richards MG | author3=Pedersen JS  | display-authors=3  | last4=Robertson  | first4=DM  | last5=Risbridger  | first5=GP  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Munz B, Hübner G, Tretter Y, ''et al.'' |title=A novel role of activin in inflammation and repair. |journal=J. Endocrinol. |volume=161 |issue= 2 |pages= 187-93 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10320815 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Munz B |title=A novel role of activin in inflammation and repair |journal=J. Endocrinol. |volume=161 |issue= 2 |pages= 187–93 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10320815 |doi=10.1677/joe.0.1610187 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Hübner G | author3=Tretter Y  | display-authors=3  | last4=Alzheimer  | first4=C  | last5=Werner  | first5=S  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Welt C, Sidis Y, Keutmann H, Schneyer A |title=Activins, inhibins, and follistatins: from endocrinology to signaling. A paradigm for the new millennium. |journal=Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) |volume=227 |issue= 9 |pages= 724-52 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12324653 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Welt C, Sidis Y, Keutmann H, Schneyer A |title=Activins, inhibins, and follistatins: from endocrinology to signaling. A paradigm for the new millennium |journal=Exp. Biol. Med. (Maywood) |volume=227 |issue= 9 |pages= 724–52 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12324653 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shav-Tal Y, Zipori D |title=The role of activin a in regulation of hemopoiesis. |journal=Stem Cells |volume=20 |issue= 6 |pages= 493-500 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12456957 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Shav-Tal Y, Zipori D |title=The role of activin a in regulation of hemopoiesis |journal=Stem Cells |volume=20 |issue= 6 |pages= 493–500 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12456957 |doi=10.1634/stemcells.20-6-493 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Shao L, Frigon NL, Young AL, ''et al.'' |title=Effect of activin A on globin gene expression in purified human erythroid progenitors. |journal=Blood |volume=79 |issue= 3 |pages= 773-81 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1310063 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Shao L |title=Effect of activin A on globin gene expression in purified human erythroid progenitors |journal=Blood |volume=79 |issue= 3 |pages= 773–81 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1310063 |doi=  |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Frigon NL  | author3=Young AL  | display-authors=3  | last4=Yu  | first4=AL  | last5=Mathews  | first5=LS  | last6=Vaughan  | first6=J | last7=Vale  | first7=W  | last8=Yu  | first8=J  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Vannelli GB, Barni T, Forti G, ''et al.'' |title=Immunolocalization of inhibin alpha-subunit in the human testis. A light- and electron-microscopy study. |journal=Cell Tissue Res. |volume=269 |issue= 2 |pages= 221-7 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1423490 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Vannelli GB |title=Immunolocalization of inhibin alpha-subunit in the human testis. A light- and electron-microscopy study |journal=Cell Tissue Res. |volume=269 |issue= 2 |pages= 221–7 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1423490 |doi=  10.1007/bf00319612|name-list-format=vanc| author2=Barni T | author3=Forti G  | display-authors=3  | last4=Negro-Vilar  | first4=A | last5=Vale  | first5=W  | last6=Serio  | first6=M  | last7=Balboni  | first7=GC  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Matzuk MM, Finegold MJ, Su JG, ''et al.'' |title=Alpha-inhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice. |journal=Nature |volume=360 |issue= 6402 |pages= 313-9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1448148 |doi= 10.1038/360313a0 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Matzuk MM |title=Alpha-inhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice |journal=Nature |volume=360 |issue= 6402 |pages= 313–9 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1448148 |doi= 10.1038/360313a0 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Finegold MJ  | author3=Su JG  | display-authors=3  | last4=Hsueh  | first4=Aaron J. W.  | last5=Bradley  | first5=Allan }}
*{{cite journal | author=Shimonaka M, Inouye S, Shimasaki S, Ling N |title=Follistatin binds to both activin and inhibin through the common subunit. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=128 |issue= 6 |pages= 3313-5 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2036994 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Shimonaka M, Inouye S, Shimasaki S, Ling N |title=Follistatin binds to both activin and inhibin through the common subunit |journal=Endocrinology |volume=128 |issue= 6 |pages= 3313–5 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2036994 |doi=10.1210/endo-128-6-3313 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mason AJ, Berkemeier LM, Schmelzer CH, Schwall RH |title=Activin B: precursor sequences, genomic structure and in vitro activities. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=3 |issue= 9 |pages= 1352-8 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2575216 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Mason AJ, Berkemeier LM, Schmelzer CH, Schwall RH |title=Activin B: precursor sequences, genomic structure and in vitro activities |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=3 |issue= 9 |pages= 1352–8 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2575216 |doi=10.1210/mend-3-9-1352  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Barton DE, Yang-Feng TL, Mason AJ, ''et al.'' |title=Mapping of genes for inhibin subunits alpha, beta A, and beta B on human and mouse chromosomes and studies of jsd mice. |journal=Genomics |volume=5 |issue= 1 |pages= 91-9 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2767687 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Barton DE |title=Mapping of genes for inhibin subunits alpha, beta A, and beta B on human and mouse chromosomes and studies of jsd mice |journal=Genomics |volume=5 |issue= 1 |pages= 91–9 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2767687 |doi=10.1016/0888-7543(89)90091-8 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Yang-Feng TL  | author3=Mason AJ  | display-authors=3  | last4=Seeburg  | first4=P.H.  | last5=Francke  | first5=U. }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lappöhn RE, Burger HG, Bouma J, ''et al.'' |title=Inhibin as a marker for granulosa-cell tumors. |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=321 |issue= 12 |pages= 790-3 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2770810 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Lappöhn RE |title=Inhibin as a marker for granulosa-cell tumors |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=321 |issue= 12 |pages= 790–3 |year= 1989 |pmid= 2770810 |doi=10.1056/NEJM198909213211204 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Burger HG  | author3=Bouma J  | display-authors=3  | last4=Bangah  | first4=Mohan  | last5=Krans  | first5=Mindert  | last6=De Bruijn  | first6=Henk W.A. }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mayo KE, Cerelli GM, Spiess J, ''et al.'' |title=Inhibin A-subunit cDNAs from porcine ovary and human placenta. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=83 |issue= 16 |pages= 5849-53 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3016724 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mayo KE |title=Inhibin A-subunit cDNAs from porcine ovary and human placenta |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=83 |issue= 16 |pages= 5849–53 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3016724 |doi=10.1073/pnas.83.16.5849 | pmc=386393 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Cerelli GM  | author3=Spiess J  | display-authors=3  | last4=Rivier  | first4=J  | last5=Rosenfeld  | first5=MG  | last6=Evans | first6=RM  | last7=Vale  | first7=W  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Ramasharma K, Li CH |title=Characteristics of binding of human seminal alpha-inhibin-92 to human pituitary membranes. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 11 |pages= 3595-8 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3035540 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Ramasharma K, Li CH |title=Characteristics of binding of human seminal alpha-inhibin-92 to human pituitary membranes |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=84 |issue= 11 |pages= 3595–8 |year= 1987 |pmid= 3035540 |doi=10.1073/pnas.84.11.3595  | pmc=304921  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Murata M, Eto Y, Shibai H, ''et al.'' |title=Erythroid differentiation factor is encoded by the same mRNA as that of the inhibin beta A chain. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 8 |pages= 2434-8 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3267209 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Murata M |title=Erythroid differentiation factor is encoded by the same mRNA as that of the inhibin beta A chain |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=85 |issue= 8 |pages= 2434–8 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3267209 |doi=10.1073/pnas.85.8.2434  | pmc=280011  |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Eto Y  | author3=Shibai H  | display-authors=3  | last4=Sakai  | first4=M  | last5=Muramatsu  | first5=M  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Burger HG, Igarashi M |title=Inhibin: definition and nomenclature, including related substances. |journal=Endocrinology |volume=122 |issue= 4 |pages= 1701-2 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3345731 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Burger HG, Igarashi M |title=Inhibin: definition and nomenclature, including related substances |journal=Endocrinology |volume=122 |issue= 4 |pages= 1701–2 |year= 1988 |pmid= 3345731 |doi=10.1210/endo-122-4-1701  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Mason AJ, Niall HD, Seeburg PH |title=Structure of two human ovarian inhibins. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=135 |issue= 3 |pages= 957-64 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3754442 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Mason AJ, Niall HD, Seeburg PH |title=Structure of two human ovarian inhibins |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=135 |issue= 3 |pages= 957–64 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3754442 |doi=10.1016/0006-291X(86)91021-1  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stewart AG, Milborrow HM, Ring JM, ''et al.'' |title=Human inhibin genes. Genomic characterisation and sequencing. |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=206 |issue= 2 |pages= 329-34 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3758355 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Stewart AG |title=Human inhibin genes. Genomic characterisation and sequencing |journal=FEBS Lett. |volume=206 |issue= 2 |pages= 329–34 |year= 1986 |pmid= 3758355 |doi=10.1016/0014-5793(86)81006-7  |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Milborrow HM  | author3=Ring JM  | display-authors=3  | last4=Crowther  | first4=C  | last5=Forage  | first5=R  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Xu J, McKeehan K, Matsuzaki K, McKeehan WL |title=Inhibin antagonizes inhibition of liver cell growth by activin by a dominant-negative mechanism. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 11 |pages= 6308-13 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7890768 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Xu J, McKeehan K, Matsuzaki K, McKeehan WL |title=Inhibin antagonizes inhibition of liver cell growth by activin by a dominant-negative mechanism |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=270 |issue= 11 |pages= 6308–13 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7890768 |doi=10.1074/jbc.270.11.6308  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Nishihara T, Okahashi N, Ueda N |title=Activin A induces apoptotic cell death. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=197 |issue= 2 |pages= 985-91 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8267637 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1993.2576 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Nishihara T, Okahashi N, Ueda N |title=Activin A induces apoptotic cell death |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=197 |issue= 2 |pages= 985–91 |year= 1994 |pmid= 8267637 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1993.2576 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Mason AJ, Farnworth PG, Sullivan J |title=Characterization and determination of the biological activities of noncleavable high molecular weight forms of inhibin A and activin A. |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=10 |issue= 9 |pages= 1055-65 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8885240 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Mason AJ, Farnworth PG, Sullivan J |title=Characterization and determination of the biological activities of noncleavable high molecular weight forms of inhibin A and activin A |journal=Mol. Endocrinol. |volume=10 |issue= 9 |pages= 1055–65 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8885240 |doi=10.1210/me.10.9.1055  }}
}}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


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Latest revision as of 23:01, 30 October 2017

For the art institute called "INHA", see Institut national d'histoire de l'art.
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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Inhibin, alpha, also known as INHA, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the INHA gene.[1]

Function

The inhibin alpha subunit joins either the beta A or beta B subunit to form a pituitary FSH secretion inhibitor. Inhibin has been shown to regulate gonadal stromal cell proliferation negatively and to have tumour-suppressor activity. In addition, serum levels of inhibin have been shown to reflect the size of granulosa-cell tumors and can therefore be used as a marker for primary as well as recurrent disease. However, in prostate cancer, expression of the inhibin alpha-subunit gene was suppressed and was not detectable in poorly differentiated tumor cells. Furthermore, because expression in gonadal and various extragonadal tissues may vary severalfold in a tissue-specific fashion, it is proposed that inhibin may be both a growth/differentiation factor and a hormone.[2]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Burger HG, Igarashi M (April 1988). "Inhibin: definition and nomenclature, including related substances". Endocrinology. 122 (4): 1701–2. doi:10.1210/endo-122-4-1701. PMID 3345731.
  2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: INHA inhibin, alpha".

Further reading



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