IL12A: Difference between revisions

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<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{Infobox_gene}}
{{PBB_Controls
'''Interleukin-12 subunit alpha''' (IL-12 p35) is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''IL12A'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid1673147">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wolf SF, Temple PA, Kobayashi M, Young D, Dicig M, Lowe L, Dzialo R, Fitz L, Ferenz C, Hewick RM | title = Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cell stimulatory factor, a heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and natural killer cells | journal = J Immunol | volume = 146 | issue = 9 | pages = 3074–81 | date = May 1991 | pmid = 1673147 | pmc = | doi = }}</ref>
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}


<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
== Function ==
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_IL12A_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1f45.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1f45}}
| Name = Interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)
| HGNCid = 5969
| Symbol = IL12A
| AltSymbols =; CLMF; IL-12A; NFSK; NKSF1
| OMIM = 161560
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 681
| MGIid = 96539
| Function =  
| Component =
| Process =
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 3592
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000168811
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000873
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000882
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 161189323
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 161196499
    | Hs_Uniprot = P29459
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 16159
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000027776
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_980710
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_985804
    | Mm_GenLoc_db = 
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 3
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 68778573
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 68786454
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q549G3
  }}
}}
'''Interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)''', also known as '''IL12A''', is a human [[gene]].


<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot.  See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
This gene encodes a subunit of the [[cytokine]] [[Interleukin 12]] (IL-12) that acts on [[T cell|T]] and [[natural killer cell]]s, and has a broad array of biological activities. The cytokine is a disulfide-linked [[heterodimer]] composed of the 35-kD subunit encoded by this gene, and a 40-kD subunit that is a member of the cytokine receptor family. This cytokine is required for the T-cell-dependent induction of [[interferon gamma]] (INF-γ), and is important for the differentiation of both [[Th1 cell|Th1]] and [[Th2 cell]]s. The responses of [[lymphocyte]]s to this cytokine are mediated by the activator of transcription protein [[STAT4]]. Nitric oxide synthase 2A ([[NOS2A]]/NOS2) is found to be required for the signaling process of this cytokine in [[innate immunity]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IL12A interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3592| accessdate = }}</ref>
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a subunit of a cytokine that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. The cytokine is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 35-kD subunit encoded by this gene, and a 40-kD subunit that is a member of the cytokine receptor family. This cytokine is required for the T-cell-independent induction of interferon (IFN)-gamma, and is important for the differentiation of both Th1 and Th2 cells. The responses of lymphocytes to this cytokine are mediated by the activator of transcription protein STAT4. Nitric oxide synthase 2A (NOS2A/NOS2) is found to be required for the signaling process of this cytokine in innate immunity.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IL12A interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3592| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}


==References==
== References ==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
 
== Further reading ==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Airoldi I, Guglielmino R, Carra G, Corcione A, Gerosa F, Taborelli G, Trinchieri G, Pistoia V | title = The interleukin-12 and interleukin-12 receptor system in normal and transformed human B lymphocytes. | journal = Haematologica | volume = 87 | issue = 4 | pages = 434–42 | year = 2002 | pmid = 11940489 | doi =  }}
| citations =
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Muthumani K, Desai BM, Hwang DS, Choo AY, Laddy DJ, Thieu KP, Rao RG, Weiner DB | title = HIV-1 Vpr and anti-inflammatory activity. | journal = DNA Cell Biol. | volume = 23 | issue = 4 | pages = 239–47 | year = 2004 | pmid = 15142381 | doi = 10.1089/104454904773819824 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Airoldi I, Guglielmino R, Carra G, ''et al.'' |title=The interleukin-12 and interleukin-12 receptor system in normal and transformed human B lymphocytes. |journal=Haematologica |volume=87 |issue= 4 |pages= 434-42 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11940489 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhao RY, Elder RT | title = Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation. | journal = Cell Res. | volume = 15 | issue = 3 | pages = 143–9 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15780175 | doi = 10.1038/sj.cr.7290279 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Muthumani K, Desai BM, Hwang DS, ''et al.'' |title=HIV-1 Vpr and anti-inflammatory activity. |journal=DNA Cell Biol. |volume=23 |issue= 4 |pages= 239-47 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15142381 |doi= 10.1089/104454904773819824 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT | title = HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses. | journal = Indian J. Med. Res. | volume = 121 | issue = 4 | pages = 270–86 | year = 2005 | pmid = 15817944 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhao RY, Elder RT |title=Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation. |journal=Cell Res. |volume=15 |issue= 3 |pages= 143-9 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15780175 |doi= 10.1038/sj.cr.7290279 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Peluso I, Pallone F, Monteleone G | title = Interleukin-12 and Th1 immune response in Crohn's disease: pathogenetic relevance and therapeutic implication. | journal = World J. Gastroenterol. | volume = 12 | issue = 35 | pages = 5606–10 | year = 2006 | pmid = 17007011 | doi =  10.3748/wjg.v12.i35.5606}}
*{{cite journal | author=Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT |title=HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses. |journal=Indian J. Med. Res. |volume=121 |issue= 4 |pages= 270-86 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15817944 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Quaranta MG, Mattioli B, Giordani L, Viora M | title = The immunoregulatory effects of HIV-1 Nef on dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of AIDS. | journal = FASEB J. | volume = 20 | issue = 13 | pages = 2198–208 | year = 2006 | pmid = 17077296 | doi = 10.1096/fj.06-6260rev }}
*{{cite journal | author=Peluso I, Pallone F, Monteleone G |title=Interleukin-12 and Th1 immune response in Crohn's disease: pathogenetic relevance and therapeutic implication. |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=12 |issue= 35 |pages= 5606-10 |year= 2006 |pmid= 17007011 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author = Small RD | title = Letter: Statistical analysis of respiratory sensitivity to CO<sub>2</sub>. | journal = N. Engl. J. Med. | volume = 295 | issue = 7 | pages = 397 | year = 1976 | pmid = 934235 | doi = 10.1056/NEJM197608122950720 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Quaranta MG, Mattioli B, Giordani L, Viora M |title=The immunoregulatory effects of HIV-1 Nef on dendritic cells and the pathogenesis of AIDS. |journal=FASEB J. |volume=20 |issue= 13 |pages= 2198-208 |year= 2006 |pmid= 17077296 |doi= 10.1096/fj.06-6260rev }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Schoenhaut DS, Chua AO, Wolitzky AG, Quinn PM, Dwyer CM, McComas W, Familletti PC, Gately MK, Gubler U | title = Cloning and expression of murine IL-12. | journal = J. Immunol. | volume = 148 | issue = 11 | pages = 3433–40 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1350290 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Small RD |title=Letter: Statistical analysis of respiratory sensitivity to CO2. |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=295 |issue= 7 |pages= 397 |year= 1976 |pmid= 934235 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Sieburth D, Jabs EW, Warrington JA, Li X, Lasota J, LaForgia S, Kelleher K, Huebner K, Wasmuth JJ, Wolf SF | title = Assignment of genes encoding a unique cytokine (IL12) composed of two unrelated subunits to chromosomes 3 and 5. | journal = Genomics | volume = 14 | issue = 1 | pages = 59–62 | year = 1992 | pmid = 1358798 | doi = 10.1016/S0888-7543(05)80283-6 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Schoenhaut DS, Chua AO, Wolitzky AG, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning and expression of murine IL-12. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=148 |issue= 11 |pages= 3433-40 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1350290 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Gubler U, Chua AO, Schoenhaut DS, Dwyer CM, McComas W, Motyka R, Nabavi N, Wolitzky AG, Quinn PM, Familletti PC | title = Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor. | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 88 | issue = 10 | pages = 4143–7 | year = 1991 | pmid = 1674604 | pmc = 51614 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.88.10.4143 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sieburth D, Jabs EW, Warrington JA, ''et al.'' |title=Assignment of genes encoding a unique cytokine (IL12) composed of two unrelated subunits to chromosomes 3 and 5. |journal=Genomics |volume=14 |issue= 1 |pages= 59-62 |year= 1992 |pmid= 1358798 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Kubin M, Kamoun M, Trinchieri G | title = Interleukin 12 synergizes with B7/CD28 interaction in inducing efficient proliferation and cytokine production of human T cells. | journal = J. Exp. Med. | volume = 180 | issue = 1 | pages = 211–22 | year = 1994 | pmid = 7516408 | pmc = 2191554 | doi = 10.1084/jem.180.1.211 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Wolf SF, Temple PA, Kobayashi M, ''et al.'' |title=Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cell stimulatory factor, a heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and natural killer cells. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=146 |issue= 9 |pages= 3074-81 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1673147 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Ling P, Gately MK, Gubler U, Stern AS, Lin P, Hollfelder K, Su C, Pan YC, Hakimi J | title = Human IL-12 p40 homodimer binds to the IL-12 receptor but does not mediate biologic activity. | journal = J. Immunol. | volume = 154 | issue = 1 | pages = 116–27 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7527811 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Gubler U, Chua AO, Schoenhaut DS, ''et al.'' |title=Coexpression of two distinct genes is required to generate secreted bioactive cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=88 |issue= 10 |pages= 4143-7 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1674604 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Sharma V, Knobloch TJ, Benjamin D | title = Differential expression of cytokine genes in HIV-1 tat transfected T and B cell lines. | journal = Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. | volume = 208 | issue = 2 | pages = 704–13 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7695626 | doi = 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1395 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kubin M, Kamoun M, Trinchieri G |title=Interleukin 12 synergizes with B7/CD28 interaction in inducing efficient proliferation and cytokine production of human T cells. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=180 |issue= 1 |pages= 211-22 |year= 1994 |pmid= 7516408 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Radrizzani M, Accornero P, Amidei A, Aiello A, Delia D, Kurrle R, Colombo MP | title = IL-12 inhibits apoptosis induced in a human Th1 clone by gp120/CD4 cross-linking and CD3/TCR activation or by IL-2 deprivation. | journal = Cell. Immunol. | volume = 161 | issue = 1 | pages = 14–21 | year = 1995 | pmid = 7867080 | doi = 10.1006/cimm.1995.1003 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ling P, Gately MK, Gubler U, ''et al.'' |title=Human IL-12 p40 homodimer binds to the IL-12 receptor but does not mediate biologic activity. |journal=J. Immunol. |volume=154 |issue= 1 |pages= 116-27 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7527811 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Fantuzzi L, Gessani S, Borghi P, Varano B, Conti L, Puddu P, Belardelli F | title = Induction of interleukin-12 (IL-12) by recombinant glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human monocytes/macrophages: requirement of gamma interferon for IL-12 secretion. | journal = J. Virol. | volume = 70 | issue = 6 | pages = 4121–4 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8648753 | pmc = 190299 | doi = }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sharma V, Knobloch TJ, Benjamin D |title=Differential expression of cytokine genes in HIV-1 tat transfected T and B cell lines. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=208 |issue= 2 |pages= 704-13 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7695626 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1995.1395 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Thierfelder WE, van Deursen JM, Yamamoto K, Tripp RA, Sarawar SR, Carson RT, Sangster MY, Vignali DA, Doherty PC, Grosveld GC, Ihle JN | title = Requirement for Stat4 in interleukin-12-mediated responses of natural killer and T cells. | journal = Nature | volume = 382 | issue = 6587 | pages = 171–4 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8700208 | doi = 10.1038/382171a0 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Radrizzani M, Accornero P, Amidei A, ''et al.'' |title=IL-12 inhibits apoptosis induced in a human Th1 clone by gp120/CD4 cross-linking and CD3/TCR activation or by IL-2 deprivation. |journal=Cell. Immunol. |volume=161 |issue= 1 |pages= 14-21 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7867080 |doi= 10.1006/cimm.1995.1003 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Cella M, Scheidegger D, Palmer-Lehmann K, Lane P, Lanzavecchia A, Alber G | title = Ligation of CD40 on dendritic cells triggers production of high levels of interleukin-12 and enhances T cell stimulatory capacity: T-T help via APC activation. | journal = J. Exp. Med. | volume = 184 | issue = 2 | pages = 747–52 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8760829 | pmc = 2192696 | doi = 10.1084/jem.184.2.747 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Fantuzzi L, Gessani S, Borghi P, ''et al.'' |title=Induction of interleukin-12 (IL-12) by recombinant glycoprotein gp120 of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in human monocytes/macrophages: requirement of gamma interferon for IL-12 secretion. |journal=J. Virol. |volume=70 |issue= 6 |pages= 4121-4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8648753 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Taoufik Y, Lantz O, Wallon C, Charles A, Dussaix E, Delfraissy JF | title = Human immunodeficiency virus gp120 inhibits interleukin-12 secretion by human monocytes: an indirect interleukin-10-mediated effect. | journal = Blood | volume = 89 | issue = 8 | pages = 2842–8 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9108403 | doi =  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Thierfelder WE, van Deursen JM, Yamamoto K, ''et al.'' |title=Requirement for Stat4 in interleukin-12-mediated responses of natural killer and T cells. |journal=Nature |volume=382 |issue= 6587 |pages= 171-4 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8700208 |doi= 10.1038/382171a0 }}
*{{cite journal |vauthors=Kim JH, Loveland JE, Sitz KV, Ratto Kim S, Mclinden RJ, Tencer K, Davis K, Burke DS, Boswell RN, Redfield RR, Birx DL | title = Expansion of restricted cellular immune responses to HIV-1 envelope by vaccination: IL-7 and IL-12 differentially augment cellular proliferative responses to HIV-1. | journal = Clin. Exp. Immunol. | volume = 108 | issue = 2 | pages = 243–50 | year = 1997 | pmid = 9158092 | pmc = 1904649 | doi = 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1997.d01-1006.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Cella M, Scheidegger D, Palmer-Lehmann K, ''et al.'' |title=Ligation of CD40 on dendritic cells triggers production of high levels of interleukin-12 and enhances T cell stimulatory capacity: T-T help via APC activation. |journal=J. Exp. Med. |volume=184 |issue= 2 |pages= 747-52 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8760829 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Taoufik Y, Lantz O, Wallon C, ''et al.'' |title=Human immunodeficiency virus gp120 inhibits interleukin-12 secretion by human monocytes: an indirect interleukin-10-mediated effect. |journal=Blood |volume=89 |issue= 8 |pages= 2842-8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9108403 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Kim JH, Loveland JE, Sitz KV, ''et al.'' |title=Expansion of restricted cellular immune responses to HIV-1 envelope by vaccination: IL-7 and IL-12 differentially augment cellular proliferative responses to HIV-1. |journal=Clin. Exp. Immunol. |volume=108 |issue= 2 |pages= 243-50 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9158092 |doi=  }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
{{PDB Gallery|geneid=3592}}
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Latest revision as of 00:26, 27 October 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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UniProt

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RefSeq (mRNA)

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RefSeq (protein)

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Location (UCSC)n/an/a
PubMed searchn/an/a
Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Interleukin-12 subunit alpha (IL-12 p35) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IL12A gene.[1]

Function

This gene encodes a subunit of the cytokine Interleukin 12 (IL-12) that acts on T and natural killer cells, and has a broad array of biological activities. The cytokine is a disulfide-linked heterodimer composed of the 35-kD subunit encoded by this gene, and a 40-kD subunit that is a member of the cytokine receptor family. This cytokine is required for the T-cell-dependent induction of interferon gamma (INF-γ), and is important for the differentiation of both Th1 and Th2 cells. The responses of lymphocytes to this cytokine are mediated by the activator of transcription protein STAT4. Nitric oxide synthase 2A (NOS2A/NOS2) is found to be required for the signaling process of this cytokine in innate immunity.[2]

References

  1. ↑ Wolf SF, Temple PA, Kobayashi M, Young D, Dicig M, Lowe L, Dzialo R, Fitz L, Ferenz C, Hewick RM (May 1991). "Cloning of cDNA for natural killer cell stimulatory factor, a heterodimeric cytokine with multiple biologic effects on T and natural killer cells". J Immunol. 146 (9): 3074–81. PMID 1673147.
  2. ↑ "Entrez Gene: IL12A interleukin 12A (natural killer cell stimulatory factor 1, cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 1, p35)".

Further reading


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