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{{ | '''Exostosin-2''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''EXT2'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8162019">{{cite journal | vauthors = Wu YQ, Heutink P, de Vries BB, Sandkuijl LA, van den Ouweland AM, Niermeijer MF, Galjaard H, Reyniers E, Willems PJ, Halley DJ | title = Assignment of a second locus for multiple exostoses to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 11 | journal = Hum Mol Genet | volume = 3 | issue = 1 | pages = 167–71 |date=May 1994 | pmid = 8162019 | pmc = | doi =10.1093/hmg/3.1.167 }}</ref><ref name="pmid9576285">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bridge JA, Nelson M, Orndal C, Bhatia P, Neff JR | title = Clonal karyotypic abnormalities of the hereditary multiple exostoses chromosomal loci 8q24.1 (EXT1) and 11p11-12 (EXT2) in patients with sporadic and hereditary osteochondromas | journal = Cancer | volume = 82 | issue = 9 | pages = 1657–63 |date=May 1998 | pmid = 9576285 | pmc = | doi =10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19980501)82:9<1657::AID-CNCR10>3.0.CO;2-3 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: EXT2 exostoses (multiple) 2| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2132| accessdate = }}</ref> | ||
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| summary_text = This gene encodes one of two glycosyltransferases involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type II form of multiple exostoses.<ref name="entrez" | | summary_text = This gene encodes one of two glycosyltransferases involved in the chain elongation step of [[heparan sulfate]] biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type II form of [[Hereditary multiple exostoses|Multiple Exostoses]].<ref name="entrez" /> | ||
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==Interactions== | |||
EXT2 (gene) has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[TRAP1]].<ref name=pmid10545594>{{cite journal |last=Simmons |first=A D |author2=Musy M M|author3=Lopes C S|author4=Hwang L Y|author5=Yang Y P|author6=Lovett M |date=Nov 1999 |title=A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=8 |issue=12 |pages=2155–64 |publisher= |location = ENGLAND| issn = 0964-6906| pmid = 10545594 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = |doi=10.1093/hmg/8.12.2155 }}</ref> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist | {{reflist}} | ||
==Further reading== | ==Further reading== | ||
{{refbegin | 2}} | {{refbegin | 2}} | ||
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| citations = | | citations = | ||
*{{cite journal | | *{{cite journal | vauthors=Wuyts W, Van Hul W |title=Molecular basis of multiple exostoses: mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes |journal=Hum. Mutat. |volume=15 |issue= 3 |pages= 220–7 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10679937 |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(200003)15:3<220::AID-HUMU2>3.0.CO;2-K }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Wuyts W | *{{cite journal | author=Wuyts W |title=Refinement of the Multiple Exostoses Locus (EXT2) to a 3-cM Interval on Chromosome 11 |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=57 |issue= 2 |pages= 382–7 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7668264 |doi= | pmc=1801560 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Ramlakhan S | author3=Van Hul W | display-authors=3 | last4=Hecht | first4=JT | last5=Van Den Ouweland | first5=AM | last6=Raskind | first6=WH | last7=Hofstede | first7=FC | last8=Reyniers | first8=E | last9=Wells | first9=DE }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Stickens D |title=The EXT2 multiple exostoses gene defines a family of putative tumour suppressor genes |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=14 |issue= 1 |pages= 25–32 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8782816 |doi= 10.1038/ng0996-25 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Clines G | author3=Burbee D | display-authors=3 | last4=Ramos | first4=Purita | last5=Thomas | first5=Sylvia | last6=Hogue | first6=Deborah | last7=Hecht | first7=Jacqueline T. | last8=Lovett | first8=Michael | last9=Evans | first9=Glen A. }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author=Stickens D | *{{cite journal | author=Wuyts W |title=Positional cloning of a gene involved in hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=5 |issue= 10 |pages= 1547–57 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8894688 |doi=10.1093/hmg/5.10.1547 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Van Hul W | author3=Wauters J | display-authors=3 | last4=Nemtsova | first4=M | last5=Reyniers | first5=E | last6=Van Hul | first6=EV | last7=De Boulle | first7=K | last8=De Vries | first8=BB | last9=Hendrickx | first9=J }} | ||
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Clines GA, Ashley JA, Shah S, Lovett M |title=The Structure of the Human Multiple Exostoses 2 Gene and Characterization of Homologs in Mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans |journal=Genome Res. |volume=7 |issue= 4 |pages= 359–67 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9110175 |doi= 10.1101/gr.7.4.359| pmc=139145 }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author= | *{{cite journal | author=Philippe C |title=Mutation screening of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=61 |issue= 3 |pages= 520–8 |year= 1997 |pmid= 9326317 |doi=10.1086/515505 | pmc=1715939 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Porter DE | author3=Emerton ME | display-authors=3 | last4=Wells | first4=Dan E. | last5=Hamish | first5=A. | last6=Simpson | first6=R.W. | last7=Monaco | first7=Anthony P. }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Wuyts W |title=Mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=62 |issue= 2 |pages= 346–54 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9463333 |doi=10.1086/301726 | pmc=1376901 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Van Hul W | author3=De Boulle K | display-authors=3 | last4=Hendrickx | first4=Jan | last5=Bakker | first5=Egbert | last6=Vanhoenacker | first6=Filip | last7=Mollica | first7=Florindo | last8=Lüdecke | first8=Hermann-Josef | last9=Sayli | first9=Bekir Sitki }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author=McCormick C |title=The putative tumour suppressor EXT1 alters the expression of cell-surface heparan sulfate |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=19 |issue= 2 |pages= 158–61 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9620772 |doi= 10.1038/514 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Leduc Y | author3=Martindale D | display-authors=3 | last4=Mattison | first4=Kirsten | last5=Esford | first5=Lesley | last6=Dyer | first6=Angela | last7=Tufaro | first7=Frank }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author= | *{{cite journal | author=Lind T |title=The putative tumor suppressors EXT1 and EXT2 are glycosyltransferases required for the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=273 |issue= 41 |pages= 26265–8 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9756849 |doi=10.1074/jbc.273.41.26265 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Tufaro F | author3=McCormick C | display-authors=3 | last4=Lindahl | first4=U | last5=Lidholt | first5=K }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Park KJ |title=Germline mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in Korean patients with hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=J. Hum. Genet. |volume=44 |issue= 4 |pages= 230–4 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10429361 |doi=10.1007/s100380050149 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Shin KH | author3=Ku JL | display-authors=3 | last4=Cho | first4=Tae-Joon | last5=Lee | first5=Sang Hoon | last6=Choi | first6=In Ho | last7=Monaco | first7=Anthony P. | last8=Porter | first8=Daniel E. | last9=Park | first9=J.-G. }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author= | *{{cite journal | author=Xu L |title=Mutation analysis of hereditary multiple exostoses in the Chinese |journal=Hum. Genet. |volume=105 |issue= 1–2 |pages= 45–50 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10480354 |doi=10.1007/s004390051062 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Xia J | author3=Jiang H | display-authors=3 | last4=Zhou | first4=J. | last5=Li | first5=H. | last6=Wang | first6=D. | last7=Pan | first7=Q. | last8=Long | first8=Z. | last9=Fan | first9=C. }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Simmons AD |title=A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=Hum. Mol. Genet. |volume=8 |issue= 12 |pages= 2155–64 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10545594 |doi=10.1093/hmg/8.12.2155 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Musy MM | author3=Lopes CS | display-authors=3 | last4=Hwang | first4=LY | last5=Yang | first5=YP | last6=Lovett | first6=M }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author= | *{{cite journal | vauthors=McCormick C, Duncan G, Goutsos KT, Tufaro F |title=The putative tumor suppressors EXT1 and EXT2 form a stable complex that accumulates in the Golgi apparatus and catalyzes the synthesis of heparan sulfate |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=97 |issue= 2 |pages= 668–73 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10639137 |doi=10.1073/pnas.97.2.668 | pmc=15388 }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author=Kobayashi S |title=Association of EXT1 and EXT2, hereditary multiple exostoses gene products, in Golgi apparatus |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=268 |issue= 3 |pages= 860–7 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10679296 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2000.2219 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Morimoto K | author3=Shimizu T | display-authors=3 | last4=Takahashi | first4=Mayumi | last5=Kurosawa | first5=Hisashi | last6=Shirasawa | first6=Takuji }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author= | *{{cite journal | author=Shi YR |title=An R223P mutation in EXT2 gene causes hereditary multiple exostoses |journal=Hum. Mutat. |volume=15 |issue= 4 |pages= 390–1 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10738008 |doi= 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(200004)15:4<390::AID-HUMU35>3.0.CO;2-E |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Wu JY | author3=Tsai FJ | display-authors=3 | last4=Lee | first4=Cheng-Chun | last5=Tsai | first5=Chang-Hai }} | ||
*{{cite journal | vauthors=Stickens D, Brown D, Evans GA |title=EXT genes are differentially expressed in bone and cartilage during mouse embryogenesis |journal=Dev. Dyn. |volume=218 |issue= 3 |pages= 452–64 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10878610 |doi= 10.1002/1097-0177(200007)218:3<452::AID-DVDY1000>3.0.CO;2-P }} | |||
*{{cite journal | author= | *{{cite journal | author=Bernard MA |title=Diminished levels of the putative tumor suppressor proteins EXT1 and EXT2 in exostosis chondrocytes |journal=Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton |volume=48 |issue= 2 |pages= 149–62 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11169766 |doi= 10.1002/1097-0169(200102)48:2<149::AID-CM1005>3.0.CO;2-3 |name-list-format=vanc| author2=Hall CE | author3=Hogue DA | display-authors=3 | last4=Cole | first4=William G. | last5=Scott | first5=Allison | last6=Snuggs | first6=Mark B. | last7=Clines | first7=Gregory A. | last8=Lüdecke | first8=Hermann-Josef | last9=Lovett | first9=Michael }} | ||
*{{cite journal | author= | |||
}} | }} | ||
{{refend}} | {{refend}} | ||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* [http://MHEResearchFoundation.org Multiple | * [http://MHEResearchFoundation.org Multiple Hereditary Exostoses Research Foundation] | ||
{{Glycosyltransferases}} | |||
{{Glycosaminoglycan metabolism enzymes}} | |||
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Revision as of 00:40, 31 August 2017
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External IDs | GeneCards: [1] | ||||||
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Species | Human | Mouse | |||||
Entrez |
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Ensembl |
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UniProt |
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RefSeq (mRNA) |
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Location (UCSC) | n/a | n/a | |||||
PubMed search | n/a | n/a | |||||
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Exostosin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the EXT2 gene.[1][2][3]
This gene encodes one of two glycosyltransferases involved in the chain elongation step of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Mutations in this gene cause the type II form of Multiple Exostoses.[3]
Interactions
EXT2 (gene) has been shown to interact with TRAP1.[4]
References
- ↑ Wu YQ, Heutink P, de Vries BB, Sandkuijl LA, van den Ouweland AM, Niermeijer MF, Galjaard H, Reyniers E, Willems PJ, Halley DJ (May 1994). "Assignment of a second locus for multiple exostoses to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 11". Hum Mol Genet. 3 (1): 167–71. doi:10.1093/hmg/3.1.167. PMID 8162019.
- ↑ Bridge JA, Nelson M, Orndal C, Bhatia P, Neff JR (May 1998). "Clonal karyotypic abnormalities of the hereditary multiple exostoses chromosomal loci 8q24.1 (EXT1) and 11p11-12 (EXT2) in patients with sporadic and hereditary osteochondromas". Cancer. 82 (9): 1657–63. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0142(19980501)82:9<1657::AID-CNCR10>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID 9576285.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: EXT2 exostoses (multiple) 2".
- ↑ Simmons, A D; Musy M M; Lopes C S; Hwang L Y; Yang Y P; Lovett M (Nov 1999). "A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mol. Genet. ENGLAND. 8 (12): 2155–64. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.12.2155. ISSN 0964-6906. PMID 10545594.
Further reading
- Wuyts W, Van Hul W (2000). "Molecular basis of multiple exostoses: mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes". Hum. Mutat. 15 (3): 220–7. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(200003)15:3<220::AID-HUMU2>3.0.CO;2-K. PMID 10679937.
- Wuyts W, Ramlakhan S, Van Hul W, et al. (1995). "Refinement of the Multiple Exostoses Locus (EXT2) to a 3-cM Interval on Chromosome 11". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 57 (2): 382–7. PMC 1801560. PMID 7668264.
- Stickens D, Clines G, Burbee D, et al. (1996). "The EXT2 multiple exostoses gene defines a family of putative tumour suppressor genes". Nat. Genet. 14 (1): 25–32. doi:10.1038/ng0996-25. PMID 8782816.
- Wuyts W, Van Hul W, Wauters J, et al. (1997). "Positional cloning of a gene involved in hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mol. Genet. 5 (10): 1547–57. doi:10.1093/hmg/5.10.1547. PMID 8894688.
- Clines GA, Ashley JA, Shah S, Lovett M (1997). "The Structure of the Human Multiple Exostoses 2 Gene and Characterization of Homologs in Mouse and Caenorhabditis elegans". Genome Res. 7 (4): 359–67. doi:10.1101/gr.7.4.359. PMC 139145. PMID 9110175.
- Philippe C, Porter DE, Emerton ME, et al. (1997). "Mutation screening of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in patients with hereditary multiple exostoses". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 61 (3): 520–8. doi:10.1086/515505. PMC 1715939. PMID 9326317.
- Wuyts W, Van Hul W, De Boulle K, et al. (1998). "Mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in hereditary multiple exostoses". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 62 (2): 346–54. doi:10.1086/301726. PMC 1376901. PMID 9463333.
- McCormick C, Leduc Y, Martindale D, et al. (1998). "The putative tumour suppressor EXT1 alters the expression of cell-surface heparan sulfate". Nat. Genet. 19 (2): 158–61. doi:10.1038/514. PMID 9620772.
- Lind T, Tufaro F, McCormick C, et al. (1998). "The putative tumor suppressors EXT1 and EXT2 are glycosyltransferases required for the biosynthesis of heparan sulfate". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (41): 26265–8. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.41.26265. PMID 9756849.
- Park KJ, Shin KH, Ku JL, et al. (1999). "Germline mutations in the EXT1 and EXT2 genes in Korean patients with hereditary multiple exostoses". J. Hum. Genet. 44 (4): 230–4. doi:10.1007/s100380050149. PMID 10429361.
- Xu L, Xia J, Jiang H, et al. (1999). "Mutation analysis of hereditary multiple exostoses in the Chinese". Hum. Genet. 105 (1–2): 45–50. doi:10.1007/s004390051062. PMID 10480354.
- Simmons AD, Musy MM, Lopes CS, et al. (1999). "A direct interaction between EXT proteins and glycosyltransferases is defective in hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mol. Genet. 8 (12): 2155–64. doi:10.1093/hmg/8.12.2155. PMID 10545594.
- McCormick C, Duncan G, Goutsos KT, Tufaro F (2000). "The putative tumor suppressors EXT1 and EXT2 form a stable complex that accumulates in the Golgi apparatus and catalyzes the synthesis of heparan sulfate". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97 (2): 668–73. doi:10.1073/pnas.97.2.668. PMC 15388. PMID 10639137.
- Kobayashi S, Morimoto K, Shimizu T, et al. (2000). "Association of EXT1 and EXT2, hereditary multiple exostoses gene products, in Golgi apparatus". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 268 (3): 860–7. doi:10.1006/bbrc.2000.2219. PMID 10679296.
- Shi YR, Wu JY, Tsai FJ, et al. (2000). "An R223P mutation in EXT2 gene causes hereditary multiple exostoses". Hum. Mutat. 15 (4): 390–1. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-1004(200004)15:4<390::AID-HUMU35>3.0.CO;2-E. PMID 10738008.
- Stickens D, Brown D, Evans GA (2000). "EXT genes are differentially expressed in bone and cartilage during mouse embryogenesis". Dev. Dyn. 218 (3): 452–64. doi:10.1002/1097-0177(200007)218:3<452::AID-DVDY1000>3.0.CO;2-P. PMID 10878610.
- Bernard MA, Hall CE, Hogue DA, et al. (2001). "Diminished levels of the putative tumor suppressor proteins EXT1 and EXT2 in exostosis chondrocytes". Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton. 48 (2): 149–62. doi:10.1002/1097-0169(200102)48:2<149::AID-CM1005>3.0.CO;2-3. PMID 11169766.
External links
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