Agouti signalling peptide: Difference between revisions
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{{protein | {{protein | ||
|Name=agouti | |Name=agouti signalling protein, nonagouti homolog (mouse) | ||
|caption= | |caption= NMR structure family of Agouti Signalling Protein, C-terminal knotting domain. PDB entry {{PDBe|1y7k}}<ref name=1y7k>{{Cite journal | ||
|image= | | last1 = McNulty | first1 = J. C. | ||
| last2 = Jackson | first2 = P. J. | |||
| last3 = Thompson | first3 = D. A. | |||
| last4 = Chai | first4 = B. | |||
| last5 = Gantz | first5 = I. | |||
| last6 = Barsh | first6 = G. S. | |||
| last7 = Dawson | first7 = P. E. | |||
| last8 = Millhauser | first8 = G. L. | |||
| doi = 10.1016/j.jmb.2004.12.030 | |||
| title = Structures of the Agouti Signaling Protein | |||
| journal = Journal of Molecular Biology | |||
| volume = 346 | |||
| issue = 4 | |||
| pages = 1059–1070 | |||
| year = 2005 | |||
| pmid = 15701517 | |||
| pmc = | |||
}}</ref> | |||
|image= 1y7k.png | |||
|width= | |width= | ||
|HGNCid=745 | |HGNCid=745 | ||
| Line 18: | Line 36: | ||
|LocusSupplementaryData=-q12 | |LocusSupplementaryData=-q12 | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{ | '''Agouti signalling peptide''', a product of the [[Agouti gene]], is a [[peptide]] consisting of 131 amino acids. Its discovery was published in 1994 in the scientific journal [[Nature (magazine)|Nature]] where its functional properties were described. It acts as an [[inverse agonist]] at [[melanocortin receptor]]s, to be specific [[melanocortin 1 receptor|MC1]].<ref name="pmid7935841">{{cite journal |vauthors=Lu D, Willard D, Patel IR, Kadwell S, Overton L, Kost T, Luther M, Chen W, Woychik RP, Wilkison WO | title = Agouti protein is an antagonist of the melanocyte-stimulating-hormone receptor | journal = Nature | volume = 371 | issue = 6500 | pages = 709–802 |date=October 1994 | pmid = 7935841 | pmc = | doi =10.1038/371799a0 | url = | issn = |display-authors=etal}}</ref> | ||
It is produced by the Agouti gene ''ASIP''.<ref name="pmid7937887">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kwon HY, Bultman SJ, Löffler C, Chen WJ, Furdon PJ, Powell JG, Usala AL, Wilkison W, Hansmann I, Woychik RP | title = Molecular structure and chromosomal mapping of the human homolog of the agouti gene | journal = Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. | volume = 91 | issue = 21 | pages = 9760–4 |date=October 1994 | pmid = 7937887 | pmc = 44896 | doi = 10.1073/pnas.91.21.9760| url = | issn = }}</ref><ref name="pmid7757071">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wilson BD, Ollmann MM, Kang L, Stoffel M, Bell GI, Barsh GS | title = Structure and function of ASP, the human homolog of the mouse agouti gene | journal = Hum. Mol. Genet. | volume = 4 | issue = 2 | pages = 223–30 |date=February 1995 | pmid = 7757071 | doi = 10.1093/hmg/4.2.223 | url = | issn = }}</ref> | |||
== Function == | |||
In mice, the agouti gene encodes a [[paracrine]] signalling molecule that causes hair follicle [[melanocyte]]s to synthesize the yellow pigment [[melanin#Pheomelanin|pheomelanin]] instead of the black or brown pigment [[melanin#Eumelanin|eumelanin]]. [[Pleiotropic]] effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset [[obesity]], increased [[tumor]] susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to the mouse gene and encodes a secreted protein that may (1) affect the quality of hair [[pigment]]ation, (2) act as an inverse agonist of [[melanocortin 1 receptor|alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone]], (3) play a role in [[neuroendocrine]] aspects of [[melanocortin]] action, and (4) have a functional role in regulating lipid metabolism in [[adipocyte]]s.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: ASIP | url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=434 | accessdate = }}</ref> | |||
==Structure== | |||
Agouti signalling peptide adopts an [[inhibitor cystine knot]] motif. <ref name=1y7k/> Along with the homologous [[Agouti-related peptide]], these are the only known mammalian proteins to adopt this fold. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Agouti-related peptide]] | * [[Agouti-related peptide]] | ||
* [[Agouti]] | * [[Agouti]] | ||
* [[Bay (horse)]] | |||
== References == | |||
{{Reflist}} | |||
== Further reading == | |||
* {{cite journal | author = Millington GW | title = Proopiomelanocortin (POMC): the cutaneous roles of its melanocortin products and receptors | journal = Clin. Exp. Dermatol. | volume = 31 | issue = 3 | pages = 407–12 |date=May 2006 | pmid = 16681590 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02128.x | url = | issn = }} | |||
==External links== | ==External links== | ||
* {{MeshName|agouti+protein}} | * {{MeshName|agouti+protein}} | ||
{{NLM content}} | |||
{{Intercellular signaling peptides and proteins}} | |||
{{Melanocortin receptor modulators}} | |||
[[Category:Peptides]] | [[Category:Peptides]] | ||
[[Category:Peptide hormones]] | [[Category:Peptide hormones]] | ||
[[Category:Melanocortin receptor antagonists]] | |||
{{ | {{gene-20-stub}} | ||
Revision as of 19:32, 29 August 2017
| agouti signalling protein, nonagouti homolog (mouse) | |
|---|---|
| File:1y7k.png | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | ASIP |
| Alt. symbols | AGTIL |
| Entrez | 434 |
| HUGO | 745 |
| OMIM | 600201 |
| RefSeq | NM_001672 |
| UniProt | P42127 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 20 q11.2-q12 |
Agouti signalling peptide, a product of the Agouti gene, is a peptide consisting of 131 amino acids. Its discovery was published in 1994 in the scientific journal Nature where its functional properties were described. It acts as an inverse agonist at melanocortin receptors, to be specific MC1.[2] It is produced by the Agouti gene ASIP.[3][4]
Function
In mice, the agouti gene encodes a paracrine signalling molecule that causes hair follicle melanocytes to synthesize the yellow pigment pheomelanin instead of the black or brown pigment eumelanin. Pleiotropic effects of constitutive expression of the mouse gene include adult-onset obesity, increased tumor susceptibility, and premature infertility. This gene is highly similar to the mouse gene and encodes a secreted protein that may (1) affect the quality of hair pigmentation, (2) act as an inverse agonist of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, (3) play a role in neuroendocrine aspects of melanocortin action, and (4) have a functional role in regulating lipid metabolism in adipocytes.[5]
Structure
Agouti signalling peptide adopts an inhibitor cystine knot motif. [1] Along with the homologous Agouti-related peptide, these are the only known mammalian proteins to adopt this fold.
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 McNulty, J. C.; Jackson, P. J.; Thompson, D. A.; Chai, B.; Gantz, I.; Barsh, G. S.; Dawson, P. E.; Millhauser, G. L. (2005). "Structures of the Agouti Signaling Protein". Journal of Molecular Biology. 346 (4): 1059–1070. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2004.12.030. PMID 15701517.
- ↑ Lu D, Willard D, Patel IR, Kadwell S, Overton L, Kost T, Luther M, Chen W, Woychik RP, Wilkison WO, et al. (October 1994). "Agouti protein is an antagonist of the melanocyte-stimulating-hormone receptor". Nature. 371 (6500): 709–802. doi:10.1038/371799a0. PMID 7935841.
- ↑ Kwon HY, Bultman SJ, Löffler C, Chen WJ, Furdon PJ, Powell JG, Usala AL, Wilkison W, Hansmann I, Woychik RP (October 1994). "Molecular structure and chromosomal mapping of the human homolog of the agouti gene". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91 (21): 9760–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.91.21.9760. PMC 44896. PMID 7937887.
- ↑ Wilson BD, Ollmann MM, Kang L, Stoffel M, Bell GI, Barsh GS (February 1995). "Structure and function of ASP, the human homolog of the mouse agouti gene". Hum. Mol. Genet. 4 (2): 223–30. doi:10.1093/hmg/4.2.223. PMID 7757071.
- ↑ "Entrez Gene: ASIP".
Further reading
- Millington GW (May 2006). "Proopiomelanocortin (POMC): the cutaneous roles of its melanocortin products and receptors". Clin. Exp. Dermatol. 31 (3): 407–12. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02128.x. PMID 16681590.
External links
- agouti+protein at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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