RAD21: Difference between revisions

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{{Infobox_gene}}
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'''Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog''' is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''RAD21'' [[gene]].<ref name="pmid8812457">{{cite journal |vauthors=McKay MJ, Troelstra C, van der Spek P, Kanaar R, Smit B, Hagemeijer A, Bootsma D, Hoeijmakers JH | title = Sequence conservation of the rad21 Schizosaccharomyces pombe DNA double-strand break repair gene in human and mouse | journal = Genomics | volume = 36 | issue = 2 | pages = 305–15 |date=Jan 1997 | pmid = 8812457 | pmc =  | doi =10.1006/geno.1996.0466 }}</ref><ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RAD21 RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)| url = https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5885| accessdate = }}</ref>
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{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source = 
| PDB =
| Name = RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)
| HGNCid = 9811
| Symbol = RAD21
| AltSymbols =; SCC1; FLJ25655; FLJ40596; HR21; HRAD21; KIAA0078; MCD1; NXP1; hHR21
| OMIM = 606462
| ECnumber = 
| Homologene = 38161
| MGIid = 108016
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_RAD21_200608_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_RAD21_200607_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000228 |text = nuclear chromosome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006302 |text = double-strand break repair}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006915 |text = apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007001 |text = chromosome organization and biogenesis (sensu Eukaryota)}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007049 |text = cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007059 |text = chromosome segregation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007067 |text = mitosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007131 |text = meiotic recombination}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051301 |text = cell division}}
  | Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
    | Hs_EntrezGene = 5885
    | Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000164754
    | Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_006256
    | Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_006265
    | Hs_GenLoc_db = 
    | Hs_GenLoc_chr = 8
    | Hs_GenLoc_start = 117927355
    | Hs_GenLoc_end = 117956182
    | Hs_Uniprot = O60216
    | Mm_EntrezGene = 19357
    | Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000022314
    | Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009009
    | Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033035
    | Mm_GenLoc_db =   
    | Mm_GenLoc_chr = 15
    | Mm_GenLoc_start = 51792679
    | Mm_GenLoc_end = 51821774
    | Mm_Uniprot = Q3TG35
  }}
}}
'''RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)''', also known as '''RAD21''', is a human [[gene]].<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RAD21 RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5885| accessdate = }}</ref>


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{{PBB_Summary
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =  
| section_title =  
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells.<ref name="entrez">{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RAD21 RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5885| accessdate = }}</ref>
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells.<ref name="entrez" />
}}
}}
==Interactions==
RAD21 has been shown to [[Protein-protein interaction|interact]] with [[SMARCA5]].<ref name=pmid12198550>{{cite journal |last=Hakimi |first=Mohamed-Ali |authorlink= |author2=Bochar Daniel A |author3=Schmiesing John A |author4=Dong Yuanshu |author5=Barak Orr G |author6=Speicher David W |author7=Yokomori Kyoko |author8=Shiekhattar Ramin  |date=Aug 2002 |title=A chromatin remodelling complex that loads cohesin onto human chromosomes |journal=[[Nature (journal)|Nature]] |volume=418 |issue=6901 |pages=994–8 |publisher= |location = England| issn = 0028-0836| pmid = 12198550 |doi = 10.1038/nature01024 | bibcode = | oclc =| id = | url = | language = | format = | accessdate = | laysummary = | laysource = | laydate = | quote = }}</ref>
==See also==
*[[Cohesin]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist}}
 
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading  
{{PBB_Further_reading  
| citations =  
| citations =  
*{{cite journal | author=Nomura N, Nagase T, Miyajima N, ''et al.'' |title=Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. II. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0041-KIAA0080) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1. |journal=DNA Res. |volume=1 |issue= 5 |pages= 223-9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7584044 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Nomura N, Nagase T, Miyajima N, etal |title=Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. II. The coding sequences of 40 new genes (KIAA0041-KIAA0080) deduced by analysis of cDNA clones from human cell line KG-1 |journal=DNA Res. |volume=1 |issue= 5 |pages= 223–9 |year= 1995 |pmid= 7584044 |doi=10.1093/dnares/1.5.223 }}
*{{cite journal | author=McKay MJ, Troelstra C, van der Spek P, ''et al.'' |title=Sequence conservation of the rad21 Schizosaccharomyces pombe DNA double-strand break repair gene in human and mouse. |journal=Genomics |volume=36 |issue= 2 |pages= 305-15 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8812457 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Parisi S, McKay MJ, Molnar M, etal |title=Rec8p, a Meiotic Recombination and Sister Chromatid Cohesion Phosphoprotein of the Rad21p Family Conserved from Fission Yeast to Humans |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=19 |issue= 5 |pages= 3515–28 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10207075 |doi= | pmc=84144 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Parisi S, McKay MJ, Molnar M, ''et al.'' |title=Rec8p, a meiotic recombination and sister chromatid cohesion phosphoprotein of the Rad21p family conserved from fission yeast to humans. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=19 |issue= 5 |pages= 3515-28 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10207075 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Sadano H, Sugimoto H, Sakai F, etal |title=NXP-1, a human protein related to Rad21/Scc1/Mcd1, is a component of the nuclear matrix |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=267 |issue= 1 |pages= 418–22 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10623634 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1969 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sadano H, Sugimoto H, Sakai F, ''et al.'' |title=NXP-1, a human protein related to Rad21/Scc1/Mcd1, is a component of the nuclear matrix. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=267 |issue= 1 |pages= 418-22 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10623634 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.1999.1969 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Losada A, Yokochi T, Kobayashi R, Hirano T |title=Identification and Characterization of Sa/Scc3p Subunits in the Xenopus and Human Cohesin Complexes |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=150 |issue= 3 |pages= 405–16 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10931856 |doi=10.1083/jcb.150.3.405  | pmc=2175199  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Losada A, Yokochi T, Kobayashi R, Hirano T |title=Identification and characterization of SA/Scc3p subunits in the Xenopus and human cohesin complexes. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=150 |issue= 3 |pages= 405-16 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10931856 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Hoque MT, Ishikawa F |title=Human chromatid cohesin component hRad21 is phosphorylated in M phase and associated with metaphase centromeres |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 7 |pages= 5059–67 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11073952 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M007809200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hoque MT, Ishikawa F |title=Human chromatid cohesin component hRad21 is phosphorylated in M phase and associated with metaphase centromeres. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 7 |pages= 5059-67 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11073952 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M007809200 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Sumara I, Vorlaufer E, Gieffers C, etal |title=Characterization of Vertebrate Cohesin Complexes and Their Regulation in Prophase |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=151 |issue= 4 |pages= 749–62 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11076961 |doi=10.1083/jcb.151.4.749  | pmc=2169443  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Sumara I, Vorlaufer E, Gieffers C, ''et al.'' |title=Characterization of vertebrate cohesin complexes and their regulation in prophase. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=151 |issue= 4 |pages= 749-62 |year= 2000 |pmid= 11076961 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Sook Kim M, Hyen Baek J, Bae MK, Kim KW |title=Human rad21 gene, hHR21(SP), is downregulated by hypoxia in human tumor cells |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=281 |issue= 5 |pages= 1106–12 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11243849 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4488 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sook Kim M, Hyen Baek J, Bae MK, Kim KW |title=Human rad21 gene, hHR21(SP), is downregulated by hypoxia in human tumor cells. |journal=Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. |volume=281 |issue= 5 |pages= 1106-12 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11243849 |doi= 10.1006/bbrc.2001.4488 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Severin DM, Leong T, Cassidy B, etal |title=Novel DNA sequence variants in the hHR21 DNA repair gene in radiosensitive cancer patients |journal=Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. |volume=50 |issue= 5 |pages= 1323–31 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11483345 |doi=10.1016/S0360-3016(01)01608-X  }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Severin DM, Leong T, Cassidy B, ''et al.'' |title=Novel DNA sequence variants in the hHR21 DNA repair gene in radiosensitive cancer patients. |journal=Int. J. Radiat. Oncol. Biol. Phys. |volume=50 |issue= 5 |pages= 1323-31 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11483345 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Hauf S, Waizenegger IC, Peters JM |title=Cohesin cleavage by separase required for anaphase and cytokinesis in human cells |journal=Science |volume=293 |issue= 5533 |pages= 1320–3 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11509732 |doi= 10.1126/science.1061376 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Hauf S, Waizenegger IC, Peters JM |title=Cohesin cleavage by separase required for anaphase and cytokinesis in human cells. |journal=Science |volume=293 |issue= 5533 |pages= 1320-3 |year= 2001 |pmid= 11509732 |doi= 10.1126/science.1061376 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Gregson HC, Schmiesing JA, Kim JS, etal |title=A potential role for human cohesin in mitotic spindle aster assembly |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 50 |pages= 47575–82 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11590136 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M103364200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Gregson HC, Schmiesing JA, Kim JS, ''et al.'' |title=A potential role for human cohesin in mitotic spindle aster assembly. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=276 |issue= 50 |pages= 47575-82 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11590136 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M103364200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Deng Y, Li S, Li X, Magali T |title=Expression of hHR21sp gene by peripheral blood and hematopoietic cells of normal subjects and Fanconi anemia patients |journal=Chin. Med. J. |volume=114 |issue= 12 |pages= 1295–9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11793857 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Deng Y, Li S, Li X, Magali T |title=Expression of hHR21sp gene by peripheral blood and hematopoietic cells of normal subjects and Fanconi anemia patients. |journal=Chin. Med. J. |volume=114 |issue= 12 |pages= 1295-9 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11793857 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Chen F, Kamradt M, Mulcahy M, etal |title=Caspase proteolysis of the cohesin component RAD21 promotes apoptosis |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 19 |pages= 16775–81 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11875078 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M201322200 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chen F, Kamradt M, Mulcahy M, ''et al.'' |title=Caspase proteolysis of the cohesin component RAD21 promotes apoptosis. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 19 |pages= 16775-81 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11875078 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M201322200 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Prieto I, Pezzi N, Buesa JM, etal |title=STAG2 and Rad21 mammalian mitotic cohesins are implicated in meiosis |journal=EMBO Rep. |volume=3 |issue= 6 |pages= 543–50 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12034751 |doi= 10.1093/embo-reports/kvf108  | pmc=1084142 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Prieto I, Pezzi N, Buesa JM, ''et al.'' |title=STAG2 and Rad21 mammalian mitotic cohesins are implicated in meiosis. |journal=EMBO Rep. |volume=3 |issue= 6 |pages= 543-50 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12034751 |doi= 10.1093/embo-reports/kvf108 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Hakimi MA, Bochar DA, Schmiesing JA, etal |title=A chromatin remodelling complex that loads cohesin onto human chromosomes |journal=Nature |volume=418 |issue= 6901 |pages= 994–8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12198550 |doi= 10.1038/nature01024 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hakimi MA, Bochar DA, Schmiesing JA, ''et al.'' |title=A chromatin remodelling complex that loads cohesin onto human chromosomes. |journal=Nature |volume=418 |issue= 6901 |pages= 994-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12198550 |doi= 10.1038/nature01024 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Hoque MT, Ishikawa F |title=Cohesin defects lead to premature sister chromatid separation, kinetochore dysfunction, and spindle-assembly checkpoint activation |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 44 |pages= 42306–14 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12200439 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M206836200 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Hoque MT, Ishikawa F |title=Cohesin defects lead to premature sister chromatid separation, kinetochore dysfunction, and spindle-assembly checkpoint activation. |journal=J. Biol. Chem. |volume=277 |issue= 44 |pages= 42306-14 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12200439 |doi= 10.1074/jbc.M206836200 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Pati D, Zhang N, Plon SE |title=Linking Sister Chromatid Cohesion and Apoptosis: Role of Rad21 |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=22 |issue= 23 |pages= 8267–77 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12417729 |doi=10.1128/MCB.22.23.8267-8277.2002  | pmc=134054  }}
*{{cite journal | author=Pati D, Zhang N, Plon SE |title=Linking sister chromatid cohesion and apoptosis: role of Rad21. |journal=Mol. Cell. Biol. |volume=22 |issue= 23 |pages= 8267-77 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12417729 |doi=  }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, etal |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899–903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 | pmc=139241 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, ''et al.'' |title=Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=99 |issue= 26 |pages= 16899-903 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12477932 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.242603899 }}
*{{cite journal   |vauthors=Chestukhin A, Pfeffer C, Milligan S, etal |title=Processing, localization, and requirement of human separase for normal anaphase progression |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue= 8 |pages= 4574–9 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12672959 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0730733100 | pmc=153597 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Chestukhin A, Pfeffer C, Milligan S, ''et al.'' |title=Processing, localization, and requirement of human separase for normal anaphase progression. |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=100 |issue= 8 |pages= 4574-9 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12672959 |doi= 10.1073/pnas.0730733100 }}
*{{cite journal  |vauthors=Porkka KP, Tammela TL, Vessella RL, Visakorpi T |title=RAD21 and KIAA0196 at 8q24 are amplified and overexpressed in prostate cancer |journal=Genes Chromosomes Cancer |volume=39 |issue= 1 |pages= 1–10 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14603436 |doi= 10.1002/gcc.10289 }}
*{{cite journal  | author=Porkka KP, Tammela TL, Vessella RL, Visakorpi T |title=RAD21 and KIAA0196 at 8q24 are amplified and overexpressed in prostate cancer. |journal=Genes Chromosomes Cancer |volume=39 |issue= 1 |pages= 1-10 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14603436 |doi= 10.1002/gcc.10289 }}
}}
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{{refend}}


{{protein-stub}}
==External links==
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
* {{FactorBook|Rad21}}
 
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Revision as of 08:49, 10 September 2017

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Identifiers
Aliases
External IDsGeneCards: [1]
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

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Ensembl

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Wikidata
View/Edit Human

Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD21 gene.[1][2]

The protein encoded by this gene is highly similar to the gene product of Schizosaccharomyces pombe rad21, a gene involved in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks, as well as in chromatid cohesion during mitosis. This protein is a nuclear phospho-protein, which becomes hyperphosphorylated in cell cycle M phase. The highly regulated association of this protein with mitotic chromatin specifically at the centromere region suggests its role in sister chromatid cohesion in mitotic cells.[2]

Interactions

RAD21 has been shown to interact with SMARCA5.[3]

See also

References

  1. ↑ McKay MJ, Troelstra C, van der Spek P, Kanaar R, Smit B, Hagemeijer A, Bootsma D, Hoeijmakers JH (Jan 1997). "Sequence conservation of the rad21 Schizosaccharomyces pombe DNA double-strand break repair gene in human and mouse". Genomics. 36 (2): 305–15. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0466. PMID 8812457.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: RAD21 RAD21 homolog (S. pombe)".
  3. ↑ Hakimi, Mohamed-Ali; Bochar Daniel A; Schmiesing John A; Dong Yuanshu; Barak Orr G; Speicher David W; Yokomori Kyoko; Shiekhattar Ramin (Aug 2002). "A chromatin remodelling complex that loads cohesin onto human chromosomes". Nature. England. 418 (6901): 994–8. doi:10.1038/nature01024. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 12198550.

Further reading

External links



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