Duodenal atresia

Duodenal Atresia Microchapters
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Patient Information
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Duodenal Atresia from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hamid Qazi, MD, BSc [2]

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Overview

Duodenal atresia is the congenital absence or complete closure of a portion of the lumen of the duodenum.

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Duodenal atresia from Other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Approximately 20-40% of all infants with duodenal atresia have Down syndrome. It is also associated with polyhydramnios which is increased amniotic fluid in the uterus.

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

Complications

Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Criteria

The diagnosis of duodenal atresia is usually confirmed by radiography. An X-ray of the abdomen shows two large air filled spaces, the so-called "double bubble" sign. The air is trapped in the stomach and duodenum. Since the closure of the duodenum is complete in duodenal atresia, no air is seen distal to the duodenum.

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Imaging Findings

Chest X Ray

Duodenal atresia (double bubble), Down Syndrome

CT

Mom had CT scan to rule out appendicitis. Duodenal atresia incidentally noted

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• For the neonate with the classic appearance of a double bubble, additional radiologic investigation is unnecessary, and the surgeon is alerted to plan for surgery, since all congenital causes of duodenal obstruction require surgery.
• The double bubble sign is a finding observed on radiographs of newborns and infants.
• The finding depicts two air-filled structures in the upper abdomen, with little or no air distally.
• The proximal left-sided bubble is the air- and fluid-filled stomach. The proximal duodenum represents the second bubble to the right of the midline.
• It is reproducible with a variety of other imaging modalities, including upper gastrointestinal studies and sonography.

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Prevention

References