Appendicitis classification: Difference between revisions
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==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
===Based on cause of Obstruction=== | ===<u>Based on cause of Obstruction</u>=== | ||
Appendicitis may be classified based on the | Appendicitis may be classified based on the [[etiology]] of obstruction into:<ref>{{Citation | ||
| last1 = Yelon | | last1 = Yelon | ||
| first1 = Jay A. | | first1 = Jay A. | ||
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}}</ref> | }}</ref> | ||
*Infectious appendicitis - Obstruction of appendicial lumen is due to infectious | *Infectious appendicitis - Obstruction of appendicial [[lumen]] is due to infectious [[inflammation]]. | ||
*[[Fibrosis]] appendicitis- Scar tissue from a previous surgery can lead to obstruction. | *[[Fibrosis]] appendicitis- Scar tissue from a previous surgery can lead to obstruction. | ||
*[[Fecaloma|Fecaliths]] appendicitis - | *[[Fecaloma|Fecaliths]] appendicitis - Hard fecal masses block the outlet of appendix | ||
*[[Neoplasic]] appendicitis - | *[[Neoplasic]] appendicitis - Carcinoid, [[adenocarcinoma]], or [[mucocele]] is responsible for increased secretions resulting in blockage. | ||
*[[Parasitic]] appendicitis- In endemic areas obstruction of the appendicial lumen is due to parasitic load. | *[[Parasitic]] appendicitis- In endemic areas obstruction of the appendicial lumen is due to parasitic load. | ||
*[[Calculic]] appendicitis | *[[Calculic]] appendicitis | ||
*Lymphoid [[hyperplasic]] appendicitis Obstruction of lumen due cell hyperplasia. | *Lymphoid [[hyperplasic]] appendicitis Obstruction of lumen due cell hyperplasia. | ||
===Based on Perforation=== | ===<u>Based on Perforation</u>=== | ||
Appendicitis may be classified based on perforations or non-perforations. | |||
* | '''Perforating appendicitis''' | ||
**[[Escherichia coli]] | * The appendiceal wall has been compromised due to pressure and inflammation and the intraluminal contents have leaked out into the peritoneal cavity. | ||
* Increases in incidence with age and is associated with the following types of bacterial infiltration:<ref name="pmid2784936">{{cite journal |author=Luckmann R |title=Incidence and case fatality rates for acute appendicitis in California. A population-based study of the effects of age |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=129 |issue=5 |pages=905–18 |year=1989 |month=May |pmid=2784936 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | |||
** [[Escherichia coli]] | |||
**[[Peptostreptococcus]] | **[[Peptostreptococcus]] | ||
**[[Bacteroides fragilis]] | **[[Bacteroides fragilis]] | ||
**Pseudomonas species | **Pseudomonas species | ||
'''Non-perforating appendicitis''' | |||
*Inflammation is contained within the appendix; no intraluminal contents have leaked out. | |||
=== <u>Based on duration of symptoms</u> === | |||
Appendicitis may be class | |||
===== Acute appendicitis ===== | |||
* Symptoms have existed less than 48 hours. | |||
'''Non acute appendicitis''' | |||
* Symptoms have existed for days or weeks, or have recurred several times. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 18:07, 28 December 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Farwa Haideri [2]
Overview
Appendicitis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the appendix. It can be classified into several subtypes based on perforation and the type of obstruction.
Classification
Based on cause of Obstruction
Appendicitis may be classified based on the etiology of obstruction into:[1]
- Infectious appendicitis - Obstruction of appendicial lumen is due to infectious inflammation.
- Fibrosis appendicitis- Scar tissue from a previous surgery can lead to obstruction.
- Fecaliths appendicitis - Hard fecal masses block the outlet of appendix
- Neoplasic appendicitis - Carcinoid, adenocarcinoma, or mucocele is responsible for increased secretions resulting in blockage.
- Parasitic appendicitis- In endemic areas obstruction of the appendicial lumen is due to parasitic load.
- Calculic appendicitis
- Lymphoid hyperplasic appendicitis Obstruction of lumen due cell hyperplasia.
Based on Perforation
Appendicitis may be classified based on perforations or non-perforations.
Perforating appendicitis
- The appendiceal wall has been compromised due to pressure and inflammation and the intraluminal contents have leaked out into the peritoneal cavity.
- Increases in incidence with age and is associated with the following types of bacterial infiltration:[2]
- Escherichia coli
- Peptostreptococcus
- Bacteroides fragilis
- Pseudomonas species
Non-perforating appendicitis
- Inflammation is contained within the appendix; no intraluminal contents have leaked out.
Based on duration of symptoms
Appendicitis may be class
Acute appendicitis
- Symptoms have existed less than 48 hours.
Non acute appendicitis
- Symptoms have existed for days or weeks, or have recurred several times.
References
- ↑ Yelon, Jay A. & Luchette, Fred A. (2014), Geriatric Trauma and Critical Care (1st ed.), New York, New York: Springer
- ↑ Luckmann R (1989). "Incidence and case fatality rates for acute appendicitis in California. A population-based study of the effects of age". Am. J. Epidemiol. 129 (5): 905–18. PMID 2784936. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)