Hemochromatosis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
Symptoms usually begin in age of 30 years. The involvement of specific organ produces subsequent symptoms. Early symptoms are [[fatigue]] and [[weakness]]; and as the [[iron]] builds up in the body organs, [[Infection|infections]] and loss of body hair happen. After disease progression, hemochromatosis may cause the following more serious problems such as [[arthritis]], and [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]].


==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hemochromatosis/ Iron Overload and Hemochromatosis] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</ref><ref>[http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/hemochromatosis/index.htm Hemochromatosis] National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</ref><ref>[http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hemochromatosis/DS00455/DSECTION=2 Hemochromatosis-Signs and Symptoms] Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER)</ref>
Symptoms usually begin in age of 30 years. The involvement of specific organ produces subsequent symptoms.<ref>[http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hemochromatosis/ Iron Overload and Hemochromatosis] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention</ref><ref>[http://digestive.niddk.nih.gov/ddiseases/pubs/hemochromatosis/index.htm Hemochromatosis] National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services</ref><ref>[http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/hemochromatosis/DS00455/DSECTION=2 Hemochromatosis-Signs and Symptoms] Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER)</ref>
 
Symptoms usually begin in age of 30 years. The involvement of specific organ produces subsequent symptoms.


*'''Early indications''' of hemochromatosis are often like those of other diseases and include the following symptoms:
*'''Early indications''' of hemochromatosis are often like those of other diseases and include the following symptoms:
Line 18: Line 17:


*As '''iron builds up in the body organs''', hemochromatosis may also produce the following symptoms:
*As '''iron builds up in the body organs''', hemochromatosis may also produce the following symptoms:
:*Loss of menstrual periods or early menopause
:*Loss of menstrual periods or early [[menopause]]
:*Loss of sex drive (libido) or impotence
:*Loss of sex drive (libido) or impotence
:*Loss of body hair
:*Loss of body hair
:*[[Shortness of breath]]
:*[[Shortness of breath]]
:*Infections  
:*[[Infection|Infections]]


*As the '''disease progresses''', hemochromatosis may cause the following more serious problems:
*As the '''disease progresses''', hemochromatosis may cause the following more serious problems:
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|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Nervous system
| rowspan="2" |Nervous system
|PNS
|[[Peripheral nervous system|PNS]]
|Parastheisa
|Parastheisa
Loss of motor control
Loss of motor control
|Loss of two point discrimination
|Loss of two point discrimination
Hyporeflaxia decreased power  
Hyporeflaxia decreased power  
|Axonal sensory motor polyneuropathy
|[[Axonal]] sensory motor [[polyneuropathy]]
|-
|-
|CNS
|[[CNS]]
|Abnormal gait
|Abnormal gait
Dementia
Dementia
|Dyskinesias(Parkinsonian syndrome Multiple sclerosis)
|Dyskinesias ([[Parkinsonism|Parkinsonian]] syndrome [[Multiple sclerosis]])
Cognitive decline
Cognitive decline
|Deposition of iron in basal ganglia
|Deposition of iron in [[basal ganglia]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |Endocrine
| rowspan="4" |[[Endocrine]]
|Pituitary gland
|[[Pituitary gland]]
|Menstrual abnormality
|[[Menstrual cycle|Menstrual]] abnormality


Loss of libido
Loss of [[libido]]


Loss of body hair
Loss of body hair


|Amenorreha
|[[Amenorrhea]]


Erictle ddysfuntion
Erictle ddysfuntion


|Deposition of iron in Pituitary gland
|Deposition of iron in [[pituitary gland]]
|-
|-
|Thyroid gland
|[[Thyroid gland]]
|Fatigue  
|[[Fatigue]]
|Signs of hypothyroidsium
|Signs of hypothyroidsium
|Deposition of iron in Thyroid gland
|Deposition of iron in [[thyroid gland]]
|-
|-
|Pancreas
|[[Pancreas]]
|Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia
|Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia
|Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia
|Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia
|Deposition of iron in Pancreas
|Deposition of iron in [[pancreas]]
|-
|-
|Adrenal gland
|[[Adrenal gland]]
|Fatigue
|[[Fatigue]]
|Polyuria Hypotension  
|Polyuria Hypotension  
|Deposition of iron in Adrenal gland
|Deposition of iron in [[adrenal gland]]
|-
|-
|Dermatological
|[[Dermatological]]
|Skin
|[[Skin]]
|Cutaneous hyperpigmentation
|Cutaneous [[hyperpigmentation]]
|Sun exposed affected mostly with tan of melanin grey
|Sun exposed affected mostly with tan of melanin grey
Porphyria cutanea tarda  
Porphyria cutanea tarda  
|iron damage skin, melanin hyperactivity responds thus color of melanin
|iron damage skin, [[melanin]] hyperactivity responds thus color of [[melanin]]
|-
|-
|Joints
|[[Joints]]
| Metacarpophalangeal
| [[Metacarpophalangeal]]
Proximal interphalangeal
[[Proximal interphalangeal]]


wrist
[[wrist]]


knee
[[knee]]
|Pain  
|Pain  
Stiffness
[[Stiffness]]


Arthritis
[[Arthritis]]


Joint swelling
[[Joint swelling]]
|Decreased ROM
|Decreased ROM
Stiffness improve with rest  
Stiffness improve with rest  
|Deposition of iron in articular cartilage
|Deposition of iron in articular [[cartilage]]
Chondrocalcinosis
Chondrocalcinosis
|-
|-
|Cardiovascular
|[[Cardiovascular]]
|Heart
|Heart
Blood vessels
Blood vessels
|Asymptomatic
|Asymptomatic [[Congestive heart failure|heart failure]]
Heart failure palpitation Hypertension
[[Palpitation]] [[Hypertension]]
|Diastolic dysfunction
|Diastolic dysfunction
Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias
Line 119: Line 118:
|Deposition of iron in cardiac tissue and blood vessels
|Deposition of iron in cardiac tissue and blood vessels
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" |Gastrointestinal
| rowspan="2" |[[Gastrointestinal]]
|Liver
|[[Liver]]
|Fatigue
|[[Fatigue (physical)|Fatigue]]
Fatty diarrhea
Fatty [[diarrhea]]


Itching
[[Itching]]


Jaundice  
[[Jaundice]]


Weight loss
[[Weight loss]]
|Hepatomegaly
|[[Hepatomegaly]]
Liver failure(ascites, encephalopathy)
[[Liver failure]] ([[ascites]], [[encephalopathy]])


Liver cancer
[[Liver tumor|Liver cancer]]


Splenomegaly
[[Splenomegaly]]


Cutaneous stigmata of chronic liver disease
Cutaneous stigmata of [[chronic liver disease]]
|Deposition of iron in liver
|Deposition of [[iron]] in [[liver]]
|-
|-
|Gallbladder
|[[Gallbladder]]
|Right upper abdominal pain
|Right [[upper abdominal pain]]
|Tender hepatomegaly  
|Tender [[hepatomegaly]]
|Multiple blood transfusion leading to hemochromatosis
|Multiple blood transfusion leading to hemochromatosis
|}
|}

Revision as of 19:49, 2 January 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sunny Kumar MD [2]

Overview

Symptoms usually begin in age of 30 years. The involvement of specific organ produces subsequent symptoms. Early symptoms are fatigue and weakness; and as the iron builds up in the body organs, infections and loss of body hair happen. After disease progression, hemochromatosis may cause the following more serious problems such as arthritis, and heart failure.

History and Symptoms

Symptoms usually begin in age of 30 years. The involvement of specific organ produces subsequent symptoms.[1][2][3]

  • Early indications of hemochromatosis are often like those of other diseases and include the following symptoms:
  • As iron builds up in the body organs, hemochromatosis may also produce the following symptoms:
  • As the disease progresses, hemochromatosis may cause the following more serious problems:
  • Arthritis
  • Abdominal pain that does not go away
  • Severe fatigue (feeling extremely tired and having a lack of energy)
  • Heart failure symptoms
  • Gray-colored or bronze-colored skin
  • Deafness[4]
  • A darkish color to the skin (see pigmentation, hence its name Diabete bronze when it was first described by Armand Trousseau in 1865)
System involved Organs Symptom Signs Mechanisum
Nervous system PNS Parastheisa

Loss of motor control

Loss of two point discrimination

Hyporeflaxia decreased power

Axonal sensory motor polyneuropathy
CNS Abnormal gait

Dementia

Dyskinesias (Parkinsonian syndrome Multiple sclerosis)

Cognitive decline

Deposition of iron in basal ganglia
Endocrine Pituitary gland Menstrual abnormality

Loss of libido

Loss of body hair

Amenorrhea

Erictle ddysfuntion

Deposition of iron in pituitary gland
Thyroid gland Fatigue Signs of hypothyroidsium Deposition of iron in thyroid gland
Pancreas Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia Polyuria polydipsia polyphagia Deposition of iron in pancreas
Adrenal gland Fatigue Polyuria Hypotension Deposition of iron in adrenal gland
Dermatological Skin Cutaneous hyperpigmentation Sun exposed affected mostly with tan of melanin grey

Porphyria cutanea tarda

iron damage skin, melanin hyperactivity responds thus color of melanin
Joints  Metacarpophalangeal

Proximal interphalangeal

wrist

knee

Pain

Stiffness

Arthritis

Joint swelling

Decreased ROM

Stiffness improve with rest

Deposition of iron in articular cartilage

Chondrocalcinosis

Cardiovascular Heart

Blood vessels

Asymptomatic heart failure

Palpitation Hypertension

Diastolic dysfunction

Arrhythmias

Dilated cardiomyopathy

Deposition of iron in cardiac tissue and blood vessels
Gastrointestinal Liver Fatigue

Fatty diarrhea

Itching

Jaundice

Weight loss

Hepatomegaly

Liver failure (ascites, encephalopathy)

Liver cancer

Splenomegaly

Cutaneous stigmata of chronic liver disease

Deposition of iron in liver
Gallbladder Right upper abdominal pain Tender hepatomegaly Multiple blood transfusion leading to hemochromatosis

References

  1. ↑ Iron Overload and Hemochromatosis Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  2. ↑ Hemochromatosis National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
  3. ↑ Hemochromatosis-Signs and Symptoms Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER)
  4. ↑ Jones H, Hedley-Whyte E (1983). "Idiopathic hemochromatosis (IHC): dementia and ataxia as presenting signs". Neurology. 33 (11): 1479–83. PMID 6685241.

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