Hepatocellular carcinoma Echocardiography or Ultrasound: Difference between revisions
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==Echocardiography== | ==Echocardiography== | ||
*[[Echocardiography|Echocardiograms]] may be helpful in the measurement of [[ejection fraction]] and identification of [[ischemia|ischemic]] and [[Hypokinesia|hypokinetic]] areas of the [[ventricle (heart)|ventricles]]. This is useful in establishing a diagnosis of [[congestive cardiac failure]]because of the underlying cause of liver cirrhosis. | *[[Echocardiography|Echocardiograms]] may be helpful in the measurement of [[ejection fraction]] and identification of [[ischemia|ischemic]] and [[Hypokinesia|hypokinetic]] areas of the [[ventricle (heart)|ventricles]]. This is useful in establishing a diagnosis of [[congestive cardiac failure]]because of the underlying cause of liver cirrhosis. | ||
*[[Radiocontrast|Contrast]] [[echocardiography]] is a useful diagnostic test for [[hepatopulmonary syndrome]]: | |||
**Intravenous microbubbles (> 10 micrometers in diameter) from agitated [[normal saline]] that are normally obstructed by [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[Capillary|capillaries]] (normally <8 to 15 micrometers) rapidly transit the [[lung]] and appear in the [[left atrium]] of the heart within 7 heart beats. | **Intravenous microbubbles (> 10 micrometers in diameter) from agitated [[normal saline]] that are normally obstructed by [[Lung|pulmonary]] [[Capillary|capillaries]] (normally <8 to 15 micrometers) rapidly transit the [[lung]] and appear in the [[left atrium]] of the heart within 7 heart beats. | ||
**Intravenous [[technetium]]-99m–labeled [[albumin]] may transit the [[Lung|lungs]] and appear in the [[kidney]] and [[brain]]. | **Intravenous [[technetium]]-99m–labeled [[albumin]] may transit the [[Lung|lungs]] and appear in the [[kidney]] and [[brain]]. | ||
Revision as of 21:38, 9 January 2018
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Hepatocellular carcinoma Microchapters |
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Differentiating Hepatocellular carcinoma from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Dildar Hussain, MBBS [2]
Overview
Echocardiography
- Echocardiograms may be helpful in the measurement of ejection fraction and identification of ischemic and hypokinetic areas of the ventricles. This is useful in establishing a diagnosis of congestive cardiac failurebecause of the underlying cause of liver cirrhosis.
- Contrast echocardiography is a useful diagnostic test for hepatopulmonary syndrome:
- Intravenous microbubbles (> 10 micrometers in diameter) from agitated normal saline that are normally obstructed by pulmonary capillaries (normally <8 to 15 micrometers) rapidly transit the lung and appear in the left atrium of the heart within 7 heart beats.
- Intravenous technetium-99m–labeled albumin may transit the lungs and appear in the kidney and brain.
Ultrasound Findings
- Ultrasound may be helpful in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Findings on an ultrasound suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma include:[1][2]
- Small hypoechoic lesion with poorly defined margins and coarse irregular internal echoes.
- When the tumor increases in size it appears heterogeneous with fibrosis, fatty change, or calcifications.
References
- ↑ Malhi H, Grant EG, Duddalwar V (2014). "Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the liver and kidney". Radiol. Clin. North Am. 52 (6): 1177–90. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2014.07.005. PMID 25444099.
- ↑ "Hepatocellular Carcinoma - W. Y. Lau - Google Books".