Bowel obstruction causes: Difference between revisions
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**from previous abdominal surgery | **from previous abdominal surgery | ||
* [[Carcinoid]] tumor | * [[Carcinoid]] tumor | ||
**rare, preferred location is ileum | **rare, preferred location is the ileum | ||
* [[Crohn's disease]] | * [[Crohn's disease]] | ||
**causes adhesions or inflammatory strictures | **causes adhesions or inflammatory strictures | ||
* [[Foreign body|Foreign bodies]] | * [[Foreign body|Foreign bodies]] | ||
**including [[gallstone]]s in [[ | **including [[gallstone]]s in [[gallstone ileus]] and swallowed objects | ||
* [[Hernia]] | * [[Hernia]] | ||
**especially hernias containing bowel | **especially hernias containing bowel | ||
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* [[Intestinal atresia|Colon atresia]] | * [[Intestinal atresia|Colon atresia]] | ||
*Benign strictures | *Benign strictures | ||
**such as those that occur with diverticular disease | **such as those that occur with [[Diverticulosis|diverticular disease]] | ||
===Causes by organ system=== | ===Causes by organ system=== | ||
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**[[Neurofibromatosis]] type 1 | **[[Neurofibromatosis]] type 1 | ||
*Malignant neoplastic conditions | *Malignant neoplastic conditions | ||
**[[Carcinoid tumours]] | **[[Carcinoid tumours]] | ||
**[[Carcinoid syndrome]] | |||
**[[Colorectal cancer]] | **[[Colorectal cancer]] | ||
**[[Ovarian cancer]] | **[[Ovarian cancer]] | ||
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===Causes by mechanism=== | ===Causes by mechanism=== | ||
====Mechanical bowel obstruction==== | ====Mechanical bowel obstruction==== | ||
*Adenomatous polyps<ref name="pmid17230614">{{cite journal |vauthors=Markogiannakis H, Messaris E, Dardamanis D, Pararas N, Tzertzemelis D, Giannopoulos P, Larentzakis A, Lagoudianakis E, Manouras A, Bramis I |title=Acute mechanical bowel obstruction: clinical presentation, etiology, management and outcome |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=432–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17230614 |pmc=4065900 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22351916">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kozol R |title=Mechanical bowel obstruction: a tale of 2 eras |journal=Arch Surg |volume=147 |issue=2 |pages=180 |year=2012 |pmid=22351916 |doi=10.1001/archsurg.2011.1415 |url=}}</ref> | *[[Adenomatous polyps]]<ref name="pmid17230614">{{cite journal |vauthors=Markogiannakis H, Messaris E, Dardamanis D, Pararas N, Tzertzemelis D, Giannopoulos P, Larentzakis A, Lagoudianakis E, Manouras A, Bramis I |title=Acute mechanical bowel obstruction: clinical presentation, etiology, management and outcome |journal=World J. Gastroenterol. |volume=13 |issue=3 |pages=432–7 |year=2007 |pmid=17230614 |pmc=4065900 |doi= |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid22351916">{{cite journal |vauthors=Kozol R |title=Mechanical bowel obstruction: a tale of 2 eras |journal=Arch Surg |volume=147 |issue=2 |pages=180 |year=2012 |pmid=22351916 |doi=10.1001/archsurg.2011.1415 |url=}}</ref> | ||
*Adhesions | *[[Adhesion (medicine)|Adhesions]] | ||
*Adhesive bands | *[[Adhesion (medicine)|Adhesive bands]] | ||
*Annular [[pancreas]] | *Annular [[pancreas]] | ||
*Ascariasis | *[[Ascariasis]] | ||
*[[Atresia]] | *[[Atresia]] | ||
*Biliary calculus | *[[Gallstone disease|Biliary calculus]] | ||
*Bowel duplication | *Bowel duplication | ||
*[[Carcinomatosis]] | *[[Carcinomatosis]] | ||
| Line 96: | Line 97: | ||
*[[Diverticulitis]] | *[[Diverticulitis]] | ||
*[[Endometriosis]] | *[[Endometriosis]] | ||
*Foreign body | *[[Foreign body]] | ||
*[[Gallstone]] ileus | *[[Gallstone]] ileus | ||
*Hematoma of the bowel wall | *[[Hematoma]] of the bowel wall | ||
*[[Hernia]] | *[[Hernia]] | ||
*Hirschprung's disease | *[[Hirschsprung's disease|Hirschprung's disease]] | ||
*Iatrogenic | *Iatrogenic | ||
*Imperforate anus | *[[Imperforate anus]] | ||
*Incarcerated hernia | *[[Incarcerated hernia]] | ||
*Intrabdominal [[abscess]] | |||
*Intrabdominal abscess | *[[Intussusception]] | ||
* | |||
*[[Ischemia]] | *[[Ischemia]] | ||
*Malrotation | *[[Intestinal malrotation|Malrotation]] | ||
*[[Meckel's Diverticulum]] | *[[Meckel's Diverticulum]] | ||
*Megacolon | *[[Megacolon]] | ||
*Multiple polyposis syndromes | *Multiple polyposis syndromes | ||
*Neoplasm | *[[Neoplasm]] | ||
*[[Ovarian Cancer]] | *[[Ovarian Cancer]] | ||
*Pneumatosis intestinalis | *[[Pneumatosis intestinalis]] | ||
*[[Iatrogenic]] | *[[Iatrogenic]] | ||
*[[Pregnancy]] | *[[Pregnancy]] | ||
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*Acid-base imbalance | *Acid-base imbalance | ||
*Acute [[pancreatitis]] | *Acute [[pancreatitis]] | ||
*Apoplexy | *[[Apoplexy]] | ||
*[[Brain tumor]] | *[[Brain tumor]] | ||
*[[Cancer]] | *[[Cancer]] | ||
*[[Cholecystolithiasis]] | *[[Cholecystolithiasis]] | ||
*Connective tissue disease | *[[Connective tissue disease]] | ||
*Diabetic [[coma]] | *Diabetic [[coma]] | ||
*[[Empyema]] | *[[Empyema]] | ||
| Line 179: | Line 177: | ||
*[[Teduglutide]] | *[[Teduglutide]] | ||
*[[Morphine]] | *[[Morphine]] | ||
*Narcotics | *[[Narcotic|Narcotics]] | ||
*Anticholinergics | *[[Anticholinergic|Anticholinergics]] | ||
*Antihistamines | *[[H1 antihistamine|Antihistamines]] | ||
*[[Catecholamines]] | *[[Catecholamines]] | ||
Revision as of 16:18, 16 January 2018
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Bowel obstruction Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Surgery |
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Case Studies |
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Bowel obstruction causes On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Bowel obstruction causes |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Bowel obstruction causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Hadeel Maksoud M.D.[2]
Overview
Small bowel obstruction causes include post-adbominal surgery adhesions, foreign bodies and intussusception. Large bowel obstruction causes include neoplasms, hernias and constipation. Miscellaneous causes include, paralytic ileus and Down syndrome. Causes by organ system include, ovarian cancer, bowel strangulation and ascariasis. Mechanical obstruction can be caused by pregnancy, Hirschsprung's disease and Crohn's disease. Non-mechanical obstruction may be caused by ovarian torsion, pancreatitis and lead poisoning. Drug induced bowel obstruction can occur by intake of lanthanum carbonate, methscopolamine bromide, and teduglutide.
Causes
Causes by Localization
Small bowel obstruction
Causes of small bowel obstruction include:[1]
- Adhesions
- from previous abdominal surgery
- Carcinoid tumor
- rare, preferred location is the ileum
- Crohn's disease
- causes adhesions or inflammatory strictures
- Foreign bodies
- including gallstones in gallstone ileus and swallowed objects
- Hernia
- especially hernias containing bowel
- Intestinal atresia
- Intussusception
- specifically in children
- Ischaemic strictures
- Neoplasms
- including both benign and malignant neoplasms
- Volvulus
Large bowel obstruction
Causes of large bowel obstruction include:[1]
- Neoplasms
- Hernias
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Volvulus
- specifically sigmoid, caecal, and colonic volvulus
- Faecal impaction
- Colon atresia
- Benign strictures
- such as those that occur with diverticular disease
Causes by organ system
- Miscellaneous syndromes[2][3]
- Paralytic Ileus
- Pseudo-obstruction (Ogilvie's syndrome)
- Chromosomal abnormalities
- Autosomal dominant conditions
- Neurofibromatosis type 1
- Malignant neoplastic conditions
- Trauma, mechanical and physical conditions:
- Infectious disorders
- Ascariasis
- Intra-abdominal sepsis
- Pneumonia
- Drug Induced
Causes by mechanism
Mechanical bowel obstruction
- Adenomatous polyps[4][5]
- Adhesions
- Adhesive bands
- Annular pancreas
- Ascariasis
- Atresia
- Biliary calculus
- Bowel duplication
- Carcinomatosis
- Colon Cancer
- Congenital megacolon
- Crohn's Disease
- Cysts
- Diverticular stricture
- Diverticulitis
- Endometriosis
- Foreign body
- Gallstone ileus
- Hematoma of the bowel wall
- Hernia
- Hirschprung's disease
- Iatrogenic
- Imperforate anus
- Incarcerated hernia
- Intrabdominal abscess
- Intussusception
- Ischemia
- Malrotation
- Meckel's Diverticulum
- Megacolon
- Multiple polyposis syndromes
- Neoplasm
- Ovarian Cancer
- Pneumatosis intestinalis
- Iatrogenic
- Pregnancy
- Radiation induced stenosis
- Sarcoma
- Scleroderma
- Surgical anastomosis
- Therapy with dietary fiber
- Trauma
- Tuberculosis
- Ulcerative colitis
- Volvulus
Non-mechanical bowel obstruction
- Acid-base imbalance
- Acute pancreatitis
- Apoplexy
- Brain tumor
- Cancer
- Cholecystolithiasis
- Connective tissue disease
- Diabetic coma
- Empyema
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypokalemia
- Lead poisoning
- Lymphoma
- Mechanical ventilation
- Mesenteric infarction
- Meropenem
- Osteomyelitis of the spine
- Ovarian torsion
- Pancreatitis
- Penetrating wounds
- Perinephric abscess
- Peritoneal carcinomatosis
- Peritonitis
- Pneumonia
- Porphyria
- Iatrogenic
- Psoas abscess
- Pyelonephritis
- Renal colic
- Retroperitoneal hematoma
- Spinal cord inflammation
- Spinal cord injury
- Spinal cord trauma
- Systemic infection
- Testicular torsion
- Ulcer perforation
- Uremia
- Urosepsis
- Vitamin deficiency
Pseudo-bowel obstruction
- Aerophagia
- Functional bowel disease
Drug induced
- Lanthanum carbonate
- Methscopolamine bromide
- Teduglutide
- Morphine
- Narcotics
- Anticholinergics
- Antihistamines
- Catecholamines
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gore RM, Silvers RI, Thakrar KH, Wenzke DR, Mehta UK, Newmark GM, Berlin JW (2015). "Bowel Obstruction". Radiol. Clin. North Am. 53 (6): 1225–40. doi:10.1016/j.rcl.2015.06.008. PMID 26526435.
- ↑ Mucha P (1987). "Small intestinal obstruction". Surg. Clin. North Am. 67 (3): 597–620. PMID 3296252.
- ↑ Miller G, Boman J, Shrier I, Gordon PH (2000). "Etiology of small bowel obstruction". Am. J. Surg. 180 (1): 33–6. PMID 11036136.
- ↑ Markogiannakis H, Messaris E, Dardamanis D, Pararas N, Tzertzemelis D, Giannopoulos P, Larentzakis A, Lagoudianakis E, Manouras A, Bramis I (2007). "Acute mechanical bowel obstruction: clinical presentation, etiology, management and outcome". World J. Gastroenterol. 13 (3): 432–7. PMC 4065900. PMID 17230614.
- ↑ Kozol R (2012). "Mechanical bowel obstruction: a tale of 2 eras". Arch Surg. 147 (2): 180. doi:10.1001/archsurg.2011.1415. PMID 22351916.