Gastrointestinal perforation physical examination: Difference between revisions
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=== Presentation in neonatal perforation: === | === Presentation in neonatal perforation: === | ||
* Infants with SIP present with an acute onset of abdominal distension and hypotension. | * Infants with spontaneous [[Gastrointestinal perforation|intestinal perforation]] (SIP) present with an acute onset of [[abdominal distension]] and [[hypotension]]. | ||
* Abdominal distention usually occurs without the abdominal wall erythema, crepitus, and induration commonly seen in patients with | * [[Abdominal distension|Abdominal distention]] usually occurs without the abdominal wall [[erythema]], [[crepitus]], and [[induration]] commonly seen in patients with [[Necrotizing enterocolitis|necrotitzing enterocolitis]]. | ||
* A black-bluish discoloration of the abdominal wall is often seen in SIP, and is not typical of | * A black-bluish discoloration of the abdominal wall is often seen in SIP, and is not typical of [[Necrotizing enterocolitis|necrotitzing enterocolitis]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 03:05, 28 January 2018
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[2]
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Gastrointestinal perforation Microchapters |
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Differentiating gastrointestinal perforation from other diseases |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Gastrointestinal perforation physical examination |
Overview
Gastrointestinal perforation physical examination
Appearance of the Patient
- Patients may appear tired, weak, diaphoretic and anxious especially if sepsis developed.
- Immunocompromised patients may appear quite well at first.
Vital Signs
- Tachycardia
- Rapid weak pulse
- Hypotension occurs due to fluid contraction
Skin
Head
- Scleral icterus in case of liver failure
Lungs
Heart
- Chest tenderness in esophageal perforation patients
Abdomen
- Abdominal distention
- Abdominal tenderness
- A palpable abdominal mass in the lower abdominal quadrant especially with perforated colon
- Guarding may be present
- Cutaneous fistula may be present
Presentation in neonatal perforation:
- Infants with spontaneous intestinal perforation (SIP) present with an acute onset of abdominal distension and hypotension.
- Abdominal distention usually occurs without the abdominal wall erythema, crepitus, and induration commonly seen in patients with necrotitzing enterocolitis.
- A black-bluish discoloration of the abdominal wall is often seen in SIP, and is not typical of necrotitzing enterocolitis.