Hernia: Difference between revisions

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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Brain tissue]] herniation through [[foramen magnum]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Brain tissue]] herniation through [[foramen magnum]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Diaphragmatic hernia|Diaphragmatic]]
| rowspan="2" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Diaphragmatic hernia|Diaphragmatic]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Stomach]] herniation through [[diaphragm]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Stomach]] herniation through [[diaphragm]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Sliding hernias of the stomach|Sliding hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Sliding hernias of the stomach|Sliding hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Esophagus]] herniation through [[diaphragm]]  
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Esophagus]] herniation through [[diaphragm]]  
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lumbar]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Lumbar]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Nucleus pulposus]] herniation through [[Annulus fibrosus disci intervertebralis|annulus fibrosus]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Nucleus pulposus]] herniation through [[Annulus fibrosus disci intervertebralis|annulus fibrosus]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Abdominal]]
| rowspan="7" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Abdominal]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[umbilicus]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[umbilicus]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Epigastric hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Epigastric hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[Epigastric region|epigastric abdominal wall]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[Epigastric region|epigastric abdominal wall]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Spigelian hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Spigelian hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through lateral [[abdominal wall]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Bowels]] herniation through lateral [[abdominal wall]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Amyand's hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Amyand's hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Vermiform appendix|Appendix vermiformis]] herniation through  [[abdominal wall]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Vermiform appendix|Appendix vermiformis]] herniation through  [[abdominal wall]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Alexis Littre|Littre's hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Alexis Littre|Littre's hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Meckel's diverticulum]] herniation through [[abdominal wall]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Meckel's diverticulum]] herniation through [[abdominal wall]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[August Gottlieb Richter|Richter's hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[August Gottlieb Richter|Richter's hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation and [[strangulation]] through [[abdominal wall]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Bowels]] herniation and [[strangulation]] through [[abdominal wall]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Parastomal hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Parastomal hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[stoma]] in the [[abdominal wall]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[stoma]] in the [[abdominal wall]]
|-
|-
| rowspan="5" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pelvic]]
| rowspan="5" style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Pelvic]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[inguinal ring]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[inguinal ring]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Obturator hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Obturator hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Viscera]] herniation through [[obturator canal]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Viscera]] herniation through [[obturator canal]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Perineal hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Perineal hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Viscera]] herniation through [[pelvic floor]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Viscera]] herniation through [[pelvic floor]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Femoral hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Femoral hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[femoral ring]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px;" |[[Bowels]] herniation through [[femoral ring]]
|-
|-
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Sciatic hernia]]
| style="background: #DCDCDC; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Sciatic hernia]]
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| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" | -
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |<nowiki>+</nowiki>
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; text-align: center;" |[[Viscera]] herniation through [[Sciatic notch|sciatic canal]]
| style="background: #F5F5F5; padding: 5px; " |[[Viscera]] herniation through [[Sciatic notch|sciatic canal]]
|}
|}
</small>
</small>

Revision as of 20:33, 30 January 2018


Hernia Landing page

Patient Information

Classification

Inguinal hernia
Femoral hernia
Umbilical hernia
Diaphragmatic hernia
Incisional hernia
Others

Differential Diagnosis

CNS Hernia

Brain Hernia
Lumbar Disc Hernia

Diaphragmatic Hernia

Bochdalek Hernia
Morgagni Hernia

Hiatal Hernia

Sliding Hernia
Paraesophageal Hernias

Lumbar Hernia

Petit's Hernia
Grynfeltt's Hernia

Abdominal Hernia

Umbilical Hernia
Epigastric Hernia
Spigelian Hernia
Incisional Hernia
Amyand's Hernia
Richter's Hernia
Parastomal Hernia

Pelvic Hernia

Inguinal Hernia
Obturator Hernia
Perineal Hernia
Incisional Hernia
Femoral Hernia
Sciatic Hernia

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Eiman Ghaffarpasand, M.D. [2]

Synonyms and Keywords: Hernia, Congenital hernia.

Overview

Hernia is abnormal protrusion of an organ through another one. Hernias may be congenital or acquired. Based on the protruded organ and the location of the protrusion, the hernia would be classified into inguinal, femoral, umbilical, diaphragmatic, incisional, and other hernias.

Classification

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Hernia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CNS
 
 
 
 
 
Diaphragmatic
 
 
 
 
 
Lumbar
 
Abdominal
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pelvic
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Brain hernia
 
Lumbar disc herniation
 
Hiatal hernia
 
Sliding hernia
 
Petit's hernia
 
Grynfeltt's hernia
 
 
Inguinal hernia
 
Obturator hernia
 
Perineal hernia
 
Femoral hernia
 
Sciatic hernia
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Umbilical hernia
 
Epigastric hernia
 
Spigelian hernia
 
Incisional hernia
 
Amyand's hernia
 
Littre's hernia
 
Richter's hernia
 
Parastomal hernia
 
 
 
 
 

Differential Diagnosis

Location Diseases History and Symptoms Physical Examination Laboratory Findings Definition
Neurological GI Neurological GI
Confusion Paresthesia Dysphagia Heartburn Nausea Bowel habits Loss of Consciousness Straight leg raise (SLR) Mass protrusion Tenderness/Rebound tenderness Leukocytosis CRP ESR
Brain Brain hernia + + + - + - + - - - - - - Brain tissue herniation through foramen magnum
Diaphragmatic Hiatal hernia - - + + + - - - - - - + - Stomach herniation through diaphragm
Sliding hernia - - + + + - - - - - - - - Esophagus herniation through diaphragm
Lumbar Lumbar disc hernia - + - - - - - + - - - - - Nucleus pulposus herniation through annulus fibrosus
Abdominal Umbilical hernia - - - - + + - - + + + + - Bowels herniation through umbilicus
Epigastric hernia - - - + + + - - + + + + - Bowels herniation through epigastric abdominal wall
Spigelian hernia - - - - + + - - + + + + - Bowels herniation through lateral abdominal wall
Amyand's hernia - - - - + + - - + + + + - Appendix vermiformis herniation through abdominal wall
Littre's hernia - - - - + + - - + + + + - Meckel's diverticulum herniation through abdominal wall
Richter's hernia - - - - + + - - + + + + + Bowels herniation and strangulation through abdominal wall
Parastomal hernia - - - - + + - - + + + + + Bowels herniation through stoma in the abdominal wall
Pelvic Inguinal hernia - - - - - + - - + + - - - Bowels herniation through inguinal ring
Obturator hernia - + - - - + - - - + - - - Viscera herniation through obturator canal
Perineal hernia - - - - - + - - + + + - - Viscera herniation through pelvic floor
Femoral hernia - + - - - + - - + + - - - Bowels herniation through femoral ring
Sciatic hernia - + - - - + - + - + + - + Viscera herniation through sciatic canal

References

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