Acute diarrhea risk factors: Difference between revisions
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==Risk factors== | ==Risk factors== | ||
Most common risk factors for [[Acute diarrhea]] include: <ref name="pmid29083755">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dunn N, Gossman WG |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=29083755 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | Most common risk factors for [[Acute diarrhea]] include: <ref name="pmid29083755">{{cite journal |vauthors=Dunn N, Gossman WG |title= |journal= |volume= |issue= |pages= |year= |pmid=29083755 |doi= |url=}}</ref> <ref name="pmid23804024">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gould LH, Walsh KA, Vieira AR, Herman K, Williams IT, Hall AJ, Cole D |title=Surveillance for foodborne disease outbreaks - United States, 1998-2008 |journal=MMWR Surveill Summ |volume=62 |issue=2 |pages=1–34 |year=2013 |pmid=23804024 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
*'''Travel''': | *'''Travel''': | ||
**Bacteria: Examples: Enterotoxigenic E.coli [[ETEC]], Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas. | **Bacteria: Examples: Enterotoxigenic E.coli [[ETEC]], Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas. | ||
Revision as of 18:43, 7 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chandrakala Yannam, MD [2]
Overview
Risk factors
Most common risk factors for Acute diarrhea include: [1] [2]
- Travel:
- Bacteria: Examples: Enterotoxigenic E.coli ETEC, Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas.
- Virus: Examples: Rota virus, Noro virus (Cruise ship diarrhea), Enteric Adenovirus.
- Parasites and Protozoans: Examples: Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium, Giardia.
- Epidemics and Outbreaks:
- Bacterial:Shigella, Vibrio cholerae
- Viral:Noro virus, Rota virus.
- Protozoan: Example: Cryptosporidium
- Animal contact: Examples: Non typhoidal Salmonella, Campylobacter
- Day care: Common organisms include Noro virus, Rota virus, Shigella, Cryptosporidium.
- Poor sanitation and crowding
- Water exposure: Swimming pools and Marine environment (Shigella, Aeromonas, Giardia, Cryptosporidium)
- Food history:
- Consumption of raw or undercooked meats,Fish, Canned foods, Raw eggs,Frozen food (Examples: Salmonella, STEC, Clostridium perfringens, L.monocytogenes)
- Antibiotic use and Hospitalization:
- Clostridium difficile
- Drug side effects( eg: Broad spectrum antibiotics, Anti fungals, Immunosuppressants)
- Ischemic colitis(initially acute then chronic)
- Homosexual men
- Immunosupression: HIV,CMV, Cryptosporidia, Mycobacterium Avium complex, Medications, Transplant recipients.
- Old age