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==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients with sialolithiasis usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with sialolithiasis  is usually remarkable for [[tenderness]] of the involved gland, palpable hard [[lump]] and [[pus]] discharging from the duct in cases of acute bacterial sialadenitis.
Patients with sialolithiasis usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with [[sialolithiasis]] is usually remarkable for [[tenderness]] of the involved gland, palpable hard [[lump]] and [[pus]] discharging from the duct in cases of acute bacterial [[sialadenitis]].


==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
Physical examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually remarkable for: [[tenderness]] of the involved gland,  [[palpable]] hard [[lump]] and pus discharging from the duct in cases of acute bacterial sialadenitis
Physical examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually remarkable for: [[tenderness]] of the involved gland,  [[palpable]] hard [[lump]] and pus discharging from the duct in cases of acute bacterial [[sialadenitis]].
===Appearance of the Patient===
===Appearance of the Patient===
*Patients with sialolithiasis usually appear normal  
*Patients with sialolithiasis usually appear normal.
{| align="right"
{| align="right"
|[[image:Swelling of the submandibular gland.jpeg|thumb|300px|Swelling of the submandibular gland, By James Heilman, MD- via wikimediaCommons<ref><"//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jmh649" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Jmh649">, <"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0, <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24076831"></ref>]]
|[[image:Swelling of the submandibular gland.jpeg|thumb|300px|Swelling of the submandibular gland, By James Heilman, MD- via wikimediaCommons<ref><"//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jmh649" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Jmh649">, <"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0, <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24076831"></ref>]]
|-|
|- |
|[[image:Salivary stone in submandibular salivary duct.jpg|thumb|300px|Salivary stone in submandibular salivary duct, By James Heilman, MD- via wikimediaCommons<ref><"//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jmh649" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Jmh649"><"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0, <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24076829"></ref>]]
|[[image:Salivary stone in submandibular salivary duct.jpg|thumb|300px|Salivary stone in submandibular salivary duct, By James Heilman, MD- via wikimediaCommons<ref><"//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jmh649" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Jmh649"><"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0, <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24076829"></ref>]]
|}
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In sialolithiasis:<ref name=":0">{{cite book | last = Hupp | first = James | title = Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery | publisher = Mosby Elsevier | location = St. Louis, Mo | year = 2008 | isbn = 9780323049030 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Neville | first = Brad | title = Oral & maxillofacial pathology | publisher = W.B. Saunders | location = Philadelphia | year = 2002 | isbn = 0721690033 }}</ref>
In sialolithiasis:<ref name=":0">{{cite book | last = Hupp | first = James | title = Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery | publisher = Mosby Elsevier | location = St. Louis, Mo | year = 2008 | isbn = 9780323049030 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Neville | first = Brad | title = Oral & maxillofacial pathology | publisher = W.B. Saunders | location = Philadelphia | year = 2002 | isbn = 0721690033 }}</ref>
* [[Tenderness]] of the involved gland
* [[Tenderness]] of the involved gland.
* [[Palpable]] hard lump near the end of the involved duct or under the tongue in submandibular duct stone.
* [[Palpable]] hard lump near the end of the involved duct or under the tongue in submandibular duct stone.
** Stones, sometimes may be felt smooth or irregular.
** Stones, sometimes may be felt smooth or irregular.
* In total obstruction, no saliva is coming from the duct.
* In total obstruction, no saliva is coming from the duct.
* [[Erythema]] of the floor of the mouth in sialadenitis as a complication of sialolithiasis
* [[Erythema]] of the floor of the mouth in sialadenitis as a complication of sialolithiasis.
* [[Pus]] discharging from the duct in cases of infection of salivary gland ( acute bacterial sialadenitis)
* [[Pus]] discharging from the duct in cases of infection of salivary gland ( acute bacterial sialadenitis).
* Stone in the minor salivary glands can be felt as a small [[Nodule (medicine)|nodule]]
* Stone in the minor salivary glands can be felt as a small [[Nodule (medicine)|nodule]].
* Stones are typically rock hard and small; they may be smooth or irregular. They are most commonly felt within the ductal system.
* Stones are typically rock hard and small; they may be smooth or irregular. They are most commonly felt within the ductal system.


===Neck===
===Neck===
* Cervical lymphadenitis in cases of infection  
* Cervical [[lymphadenopathy]] in the cases of infection  


===Lungs===
===Lungs===

Revision as of 19:28, 9 February 2018


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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]

Overview

Patients with sialolithiasis usually appear normal. Physical examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually remarkable for tenderness of the involved gland, palpable hard lump and pus discharging from the duct in cases of acute bacterial sialadenitis.

Physical Examination

Physical examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually remarkable for: tenderness of the involved gland, palpable hard lump and pus discharging from the duct in cases of acute bacterial sialadenitis.

Appearance of the Patient

  • Patients with sialolithiasis usually appear normal.
Swelling of the submandibular gland, By James Heilman, MD- via wikimediaCommons[1]
Salivary stone in submandibular salivary duct, By James Heilman, MD- via wikimediaCommons[2]

Vital Signs

  • Vital signs are usually normal but low grade fever may be seen in sialadenititis as a complication of sialolithiasis.[3]

Skin

  • Skin examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

HEENT

Normal salivary gland is spongy.

In sialolithiasis:[4][5]

  • Tenderness of the involved gland.
  • Palpable hard lump near the end of the involved duct or under the tongue in submandibular duct stone.
    • Stones, sometimes may be felt smooth or irregular.
  • In total obstruction, no saliva is coming from the duct.
  • Erythema of the floor of the mouth in sialadenitis as a complication of sialolithiasis.
  • Pus discharging from the duct in cases of infection of salivary gland ( acute bacterial sialadenitis).
  • Stone in the minor salivary glands can be felt as a small nodule.
  • Stones are typically rock hard and small; they may be smooth or irregular. They are most commonly felt within the ductal system.

Neck

Lungs

  • Pulmonary examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

Heart

  • Cardiovascular examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

Abdomen

Abdominal examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

Back

  • Back examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

Genitourinary

  • Genitourinary examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

Neuromuscular

  • Neuromuscular examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

Extremities

  • Extremities examination of patients with sialolithiasis is usually normal.

References

  1. ↑ <"//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jmh649" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Jmh649">, <"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0, <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24076831">
  2. ↑ <"//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/User:Jmh649" class="mw-redirect" title="User:Jmh649"><"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0" title="Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0">CC BY-SA 3.0, <"https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=24076829">
  3. ↑ McKenna JP, Bostock DJ, McMenamin PG (1987). "Sialolithiasis". Am Fam Physician. 36 (5): 119–25. PMID 3318353.
  4. ↑ Hupp, James (2008). Contemporary oral and maxillofacial surgery. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier. ISBN 9780323049030.
  5. ↑ Neville, Brad (2002). Oral & maxillofacial pathology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. ISBN 0721690033.

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