Hemoptysis pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Physiology=== | ===Physiology=== | ||
* Lung has two main vascular systems which are: | * Lung has two main vascular systems which are: | ||
** [[Pulmonary circulation]] | ** [[Pulmonary circulation]] | ||
*** It provides gas exchange where deoxygenated blood enters the lungs through pulmonary arteries and oxygenated blood returns to circulation through pulmonary veins. | |||
** Bronchial vessels | ** Bronchial vessels | ||
[[image:2119 Pulmonary Circuit.jpg|thumb|700 px|left|Illustration from Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013. By OpenStax College - Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013., CC BY 3.0,<ref name="urlFile:2119 Pulmonary Circuit.jpg - Wikimedia Commons">{{cite web |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=30148269 |title=File:2119 Pulmonary Circuit.jpg - Wikimedia Commons |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>]] | [[image:2119 Pulmonary Circuit.jpg|thumb|700 px|left|Illustration from Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013. By OpenStax College - Anatomy & Physiology, Connexions Web site. http://cnx.org/content/col11496/1.6/, Jun 19, 2013., CC BY 3.0,<ref name="urlFile:2119 Pulmonary Circuit.jpg - Wikimedia Commons">{{cite web |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=30148269 |title=File:2119 Pulmonary Circuit.jpg - Wikimedia Commons |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>]] |
Revision as of 17:59, 13 February 2018
Hemoptysis Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Hemoptysis pathophysiology On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemoptysis pathophysiology |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Hemoptysis pathophysiology |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Physiology
- Lung has two main vascular systems which are:
- Pulmonary circulation
- It provides gas exchange where deoxygenated blood enters the lungs through pulmonary arteries and oxygenated blood returns to circulation through pulmonary veins.
- Bronchial vessels
- Pulmonary circulation
Pathogenesis
- Hemoptysis is an important symptom that has different etiologies and pathogenesis mechanisms.[3]
- Blood in the hemoptysis is mostly originated from the pulmonary vasculature. However, it could be from the gastrointestinal system as well.
- Hemoptysis could be happened following infarction and ischemia of pulmonary parenchyma. It is seen in following conditions:
- Pulmonary emboli
- Vasculitis including:
- Wegener's granulomatosis
- Infections including:
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Aspergillus fumigatus
- The phycomycetes
- Another mechanism of hemoptysis is vascular engorgement with erosion. It is seen in following conditions:
- Acute infection such as
- Viral bronchitis
- Bacterial bronchitis
- Chronic infection such as bronchiectasis
- Toxic exposure such as cigarette smoke
- Acute infection such as
Genetics
- [Disease name] is transmitted in [mode of genetic transmission] pattern.
- Genes involved in the pathogenesis of [disease name] include [gene1], [gene2], and [gene3].
- The development of [disease name] is the result of multiple genetic mutations.
Associated Conditions
Gross Pathology
- On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].