Diaphragmatic paralysis epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions
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===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ===Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate=== | ||
* The morbidity and mortality of the unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is related to underlying pulmonary function and etiology. | * The morbidity and mortality of the unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is related to underlying pulmonary function and etiology.<ref name="pmid14723798">{{cite journal |vauthors=Canbaz S, Turgut N, Halici U, Balci K, Ege T, Duran E |title=Electrophysiological evaluation of phrenic nerve injury during cardiac surgery--a prospective, controlled, clinical study |journal=BMC Surg |volume=4 |issue= |pages=2 |year=2004 |pmid=14723798 |pmc=320489 |doi=10.1186/1471-2482-4-2 |url=}}</ref> | ||
* Most of the unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging. | * Most of the unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging. | ||
Revision as of 17:42, 14 February 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahda Alihashemi M.D. [2]
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis is unknown, but incidence of diaphragmatic paralysis after cardiac surgery is approximately 30000 to 75000 per 100,000 individuals.[1]
Prevalence
The prevalence of diaphragmatic paralysis is unknown.
Case-fatality rate/Mortality rate
- The morbidity and mortality of the unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis is related to underlying pulmonary function and etiology.[2]
- Most of the unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally during imaging.
- Most of the bilateral diaphragmatic paralysis are symptomatic and may develop ventilatory failure.
Age
- Patients of all age groups may develop [disease name].
- The incidence of [disease name] increases with age; the median age at diagnosis is [#] years.
- [Disease name] commonly affects individuals younger than/older than [number of years] years of age.
- [Chronic disease name] is usually first diagnosed among [age group].
- [Acute disease name] commonly affects [age group].
Race
- There is no racial predilection to [disease name].
- [Disease name] usually affects individuals of the [race 1] race. [Race 2] individuals are less likely to develop [disease name].
Gender
- [Disease name] affects men and women equally.
- [Gender 1] are more commonly affected by [disease name] than [gender 2]. The [gender 1] to [gender 2] ratio is approximately [number > 1] to 1.
Region
- The majority of [disease name] cases are reported in [geographical region].
- [Disease name] is a common/rare disease that tends to affect [patient population 1] and [patient population 2].
Developed Countries
Developing Countries
References
- ↑ Efthimiou J, Butler J, Woodham C, Benson MK, Westaby S (1991). "Diaphragm paralysis following cardiac surgery: role of phrenic nerve cold injury". Ann. Thorac. Surg. 52 (4): 1005–8. PMID 1929616.
- ↑ Canbaz S, Turgut N, Halici U, Balci K, Ege T, Duran E (2004). "Electrophysiological evaluation of phrenic nerve injury during cardiac surgery--a prospective, controlled, clinical study". BMC Surg. 4: 2. doi:10.1186/1471-2482-4-2. PMC 320489. PMID 14723798.