Atelectasis risk factors: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 16:21, 15 February 2018

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Chest trauma, general anaesthesia, thoracic surgery, cystic fibrosis, prematurity and respiratory distress syndrome are some of the common risk factors that predispose patients to developing atelectasis. Children less than three years of age and adults over sixty years of age are also at increased risk of alveolar collapse and impaired surfactant production in response to pulmonary stressors such as toxins, hyperoxia, hypoxia and ischemia.

Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of atelectasis include surgical manipulation, chest trauma, general anaesthesia, and respiratory distress syndrome.

Common Risk Factors

Common risk factors in the development of atelectasis include:
- General anaesthesia
- Thoracic surgery
- Chest trauma
- Rib fracture
- Blockage in the airway due to a foreign bodies, mucus plugs, tumors, or poorly placed breathing tubes
- Asthma
- Lower respiratory tract infections
- Pneumonia
- Bronchiectasis
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Prematurity
- Age <3 years
- Age >60 years
- Respiratory distress syndrome
- Lung cancer
- Patients on ventilator

Less Common Risk Factors

Less common risk factors in the development of atelectasis include:
- Neuromuscular diseases affecting breathing such as:
- Smoking

References

Template:WH Template:WS

@@ Line 4: / Line 4: @@
 ==Overview==
-[[Tobacco|Smokers]] and the [[elderly]] are at an increased risk.
+[[Chest trauma]], [[general anaesthesia]], [[thoracic surgery]], [[cystic fibrosis]], [[Premature birth|prematurity]] and [[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|respiratory distress syndrome]] are some of the common risk factors that predispose patients to developing atelectasis. Children less than three years of age and adults over sixty years of age are also at increased risk of [[Alveolus|alveolar]] collapse and impaired [[Pulmonary surfactant|surfactant]] production in response to pulmonary stressors such as [[Toxin|toxins]], [[Oxygen toxicity|hyperoxia]], [[Hypoxemia|hypoxia]] and [[ischemia]].
-There are no established risk factors for [disease name].
-OR
-The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
-OR
-Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
-OR
-Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
 ==Risk Factors==
-*There are no established risk factors for [disease name].
+*Common risk factors in the development of atelectasis include [[Surgery|surgical manipulation]], [[chest trauma]], [[general anaesthesia]], and [[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|respiratory distress syndrome]].
-OR
-*The most potent risk factor in the development of [disease name] is [risk factor 1]. Other risk factors include [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
-*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include [risk factor 1], [risk factor 2], [risk factor 3], and [risk factor 4].
 ===Common Risk Factors===
-*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral.
+*Common risk factors in the development of atelectasis include:
-*Common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
+**[[General anaesthesia]]
-**[Risk factor 1]
+**[[Thoracic surgery]]
-**[Risk factor 2]
+**[[Chest trauma]]
-**[Risk factor 3]
+**[[Rib fracture]]
+**Blockage in the airway due to a [[foreign bodies]], mucus plugs, [[Tumor|tumors]], or poorly placed breathing tubes
+**[[Asthma]]
+**[[Lower respiratory tract infection|Lower respiratory tract infections]]
+**[[Pneumonia]]
+**[[Bronchiectasis]]
+**[[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)]]
+**[[Cystic fibrosis|Cystic Fibrosis]]
+**[[Premature birth|Prematurity]]
+**Age <3 years
+**Age >60 years
+**[[Acute respiratory distress syndrome|Respiratory distress syndrome]]
+**[[Lung cancer]]
+**Patients on ventilator
 ===Less Common Risk Factors===
-*Less common risk factors in the development of [disease name] include:
+*Less common risk factors in the development of atelectasis include:
-**[Risk factor 1]
+**[[Neuromuscular disease|Neuromuscular diseases]] affecting breathing such as:
-**[Risk factor 2]
+***[[Guillain-Barré syndrome]]
-**[Risk factor 3]
+***[[Porphyria]]
+***[[Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy|Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP)]]
+***[[Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease|Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT)]]
+**[[Smoking]]
 ==References==