Sandbox:Chandra: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CK}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{CK}} | ||
== | == central cyanosis causes== | ||
*'''Conditions associated with decreased concentration of inspired oxygen (FiO2):''' | *'''Conditions associated with decreased concentration of inspired oxygen (FiO2):''' | ||
Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
**Carbon monoxide poisoning | **Carbon monoxide poisoning | ||
**Hydrogen cyanide poisoning | **Hydrogen cyanide poisoning | ||
**Intentional or unintensional exposure to asphyxiating gases (eg | **Intentional or unintensional exposure to asphyxiating gases (eg, Propane, methane, butane, hydrogen sulphide) | ||
*'''Decresed atmospheric pressure: High altitude''' | *'''Decresed atmospheric pressure: High altitude''' | ||
*'''Disorders associated with impairment of chest wall or lung expansion:''' | *'''Disorders associated with impairment of chest wall or lung expansion:''' | ||
Line 96: | Line 96: | ||
**Hemoglobin mutations with low oxygen affinity: Hb Kansas. Hb Beth israel, Hb Saint Mande, Hb Bruxells | **Hemoglobin mutations with low oxygen affinity: Hb Kansas. Hb Beth israel, Hb Saint Mande, Hb Bruxells | ||
**Polycythemia | **Polycythemia | ||
*Brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE) | *Brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE) | ||
Revision as of 19:36, 20 February 2018
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Chandrakala Yannam, MD [2]
central cyanosis causes
- Conditions associated with decreased concentration of inspired oxygen (FiO2):
- Smoke inhalation most commonly from house fires
- Carbon monoxide poisoning
- Hydrogen cyanide poisoning
- Intentional or unintensional exposure to asphyxiating gases (eg, Propane, methane, butane, hydrogen sulphide)
- Decresed atmospheric pressure: High altitude
- Disorders associated with impairment of chest wall or lung expansion:
- External compression
- Pneumothorax
- Hemothorax
- Flail chest
- Hypoventilation:
- Upper airway obstruction:
- Foreign body aspiration
- Pertussis/Croup
- Epiglottitis
- Tracheitis mostly bacterial
- Traumatic disruption (burns, fractures)
- Congenital airway abnormalities:
- Choanal atresia
- Laryngotracheomalacia
- Macroglossia
- Micrognathia or retrognathia (eg, Pierre-Robin syndrome)
- Neurologic abnormalities:
- CNS depression
- Severe head trauma
- Apnea of prematurity
- Infections (eg, meningitis, encephalitis)
- Intraventricular hemorrhage
- Seizures
- Cyanotic breath holding spells
- Coma
- Neuromuscular disorders:
- Myasthenia gravis
- Injury to the phrenic nerve
- Type 1 spinal muscular dystrophy (Wernig-Hoffman disease)
- Metabolic disorders:
- Severe hypoglycemia
- In born errors of metabolism
- Upper airway obstruction:
- Ventilation/perfusion mismatch:
- Asthma
- Pulmonary embolism
- Atelectasis
- Alveolar capillary dysplasia
- emphysema or COPD
- Pulmonary edema
- Pulmonary hypoplasia
- Pulmonary hemorrhage
- Respiratory distress syndrome (Hyaline membrane disease)
- Transient tachypnea of the newborn
- Conditions causing impaired oxygen diffusion:
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- Pulmonary edema
- Pneumonia
- Bronchiolitis
- Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
- Cystic fibrosis
- Empyema
- Circulatory causes:
- Cyanotic congenital heart diseases (Right to left shunts):
- Decreased pulmonary flow:
- Tetralogy of fallot
- Tricuspid valve anomalies
- Tricuspid atresia
- Tricuspid stenosis
- Ebstein's anomaly
- Pulmonary stenosis (critical valvular)
- Pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum
- Increased pulmonary flow:
- TGA (Transposition of great arteries, most common dextro type)
- Truncus arteriosus
- TAPVC (Total anamalous pulmonary venous connection)
- Heart failure: Condition that present with cyanosis and severe heart failure include:
- Left sided obstructive lesion (HLHS)
- Coarctation of aorta
- Critical valvular aortic stenosis
- Decreased pulmonary flow:
- Eisenmenger syndrome
- Pulmonary causes:
- Pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary edema
- Pulmonary hemorrhage
- Pulmonary embolism
- Pulmonary arterio venous malformations
- Multiple small intrapulmonary shunts
- Shock
- Sepsis
- Acute chest syndrome
- Cyanotic congenital heart diseases (Right to left shunts):
- Hematologic abnormalities:
- Methemoglobinemia (congenital or acquired)
- Sulfhemoglobinemia (acquired)
- Hemoglobin mutations with low oxygen affinity: Hb Kansas. Hb Beth israel, Hb Saint Mande, Hb Bruxells
- Polycythemia
- Brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE)