Hemoptysis overview: Difference between revisions
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===Primary Prevention=== | ===Primary Prevention=== | ||
Effective measures for the primary prevention of hemoptysis include [[smoking cessation]], avoiding [[Pollutant|air pollutants]], and use of physical barriers such as masks and gown. | |||
===Secondary Prevention=== | ===Secondary Prevention=== | ||
There are no established measures for the secondary prevention of hemoptysis. | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} | ||
Revision as of 20:39, 26 February 2018
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Hemoptysis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Hemoptysis overview On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Hemoptysis overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sadaf Sharfaei M.D.[2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Hereditary pancreatitis from Other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Study of Choice
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
Electrocardiogram
X-ray
Echocardiography and Ultrasound
CT scan
MRI
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Hemoptysis is a symptom that indicates an underlying pulmonary or extrapulmonary cause. Pharmacologic medical therapy depends on an underlying cause. However, the mainstay of treatment for massive hemoptysis is supportive and surgical therapy.
Surgery
Massive hemoptysis is a life-threatening condition and requires prompt intensive care. Surgery is indicated in patients with hemoptysis who are resistant to embolization. Interventional techniques are used to stop bleeding which include bronchial arterial embolization, different bronchoscopic strategies such as cold saline lavage, topical vasoconstrictor agents, balloon tamponade, endobronchial stent placement, endobronchial spigot, oxidized regenerated cellulose, N-Butyl cyanoacrylate glue, fibrinogenthrombin, tranexamic acid, laser photocoagulation, argon plasma coagulation, and electrocautery. Surgical techniques that are used for management of hemoptysis include pulmonary resection, lobectomy, and bilobectomy. Surgical techniques are definitely curative, effective for localized lesions. However, surgery has a mortality rate of 10-30%. Currently, bronchial arterial embolization considered as a first line therapy for both new and recurrent hemoptysis.
Primary Prevention
Effective measures for the primary prevention of hemoptysis include smoking cessation, avoiding air pollutants, and use of physical barriers such as masks and gown.
Secondary Prevention
There are no established measures for the secondary prevention of hemoptysis.